Create local C library implementation (2/2)

- This change is split into two separate patches in order to
  simplify the history as interpreted by 'git'. The split is
  between the move/rename and addition of new files.
- Remove dependency on toolchain C library headers and functions in
  order to ensure behavioural compatibility between toolchains.
- Use FreeBSD as reference for C library implementation.
- Do not let GCC use default library include paths.
- Remove unused definitions in modified headers and implementations.
- Move C library files to 'lib/stdlib' and 'include/stdlib'.
- Break std.c functions out into separate files.

Change-Id: I3e3d8d992052264d2a02489034ae4c03bf0f5512
diff --git a/include/stdlib/machine/_limits.h b/include/stdlib/machine/_limits.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..49a768b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/stdlib/machine/_limits.h
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 1988, 1993
+ *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+ * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+ * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ * SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ *	@(#)limits.h	8.3 (Berkeley) 1/4/94
+ * $FreeBSD$
+ */
+
+#ifndef	_MACHINE__LIMITS_H_
+#define	_MACHINE__LIMITS_H_
+
+/*
+ * According to ANSI (section 2.2.4.2), the values below must be usable by
+ * #if preprocessing directives.  Additionally, the expression must have the
+ * same type as would an expression that is an object of the corresponding
+ * type converted according to the integral promotions.  The subtraction for
+ * INT_MIN, etc., is so the value is not unsigned; e.g., 0x80000000 is an
+ * unsigned int for 32-bit two's complement ANSI compilers (section 3.1.3.2).
+ */
+
+#define	__CHAR_BIT	8		/* number of bits in a char */
+
+#define	__SCHAR_MAX	0x7f		/* max value for a signed char */
+#define	__SCHAR_MIN	(-0x7f-1)	/* min value for a signed char */
+
+#define	__UCHAR_MAX	0xff		/* max value for an unsigned char */
+
+#define	__USHRT_MAX	0xffff		/* max value for an unsigned short */
+#define	__SHRT_MAX	0x7fff		/* max value for a short */
+#define	__SHRT_MIN	(-0x7fff-1)	/* min value for a short */
+
+#define	__UINT_MAX	0xffffffff	/* max value for an unsigned int */
+#define	__INT_MAX	0x7fffffff	/* max value for an int */
+#define	__INT_MIN	(-0x7fffffff-1)	/* min value for an int */
+
+#define	__ULONG_MAX	0xffffffffffffffff	/* max for an unsigned long */
+#define	__LONG_MAX	0x7fffffffffffffff	/* max for a long */
+#define	__LONG_MIN	(-0x7fffffffffffffff-1) /* min for a long */
+
+/* Long longs have the same size but not the same type as longs. */
+					/* max for an unsigned long long */
+#define	__ULLONG_MAX	0xffffffffffffffffULL
+#define	__LLONG_MAX	0x7fffffffffffffffLL	/* max for a long long */
+#define	__LLONG_MIN	(-0x7fffffffffffffffLL-1) /* min for a long long */
+
+#define	__SSIZE_MAX	__LONG_MAX	/* max value for a ssize_t */
+
+#define	__SIZE_T_MAX	__ULONG_MAX	/* max value for a size_t */
+
+#define	__OFF_MAX	__LONG_MAX	/* max value for an off_t */
+#define	__OFF_MIN	__LONG_MIN	/* min value for an off_t */
+
+/* Quads and longs are the same size.  Ensure they stay in sync. */
+#define	__UQUAD_MAX	(__ULONG_MAX)	/* max value for a uquad_t */
+#define	__QUAD_MAX	(__LONG_MAX)	/* max value for a quad_t */
+#define	__QUAD_MIN	(__LONG_MIN)	/* min value for a quad_t */
+
+#define	__LONG_BIT	64
+#define	__WORD_BIT	32
+
+/* Minimum signal stack size. */
+#define	__MINSIGSTKSZ	(1024 * 4)
+
+#endif /* !_MACHINE__LIMITS_H_ */
diff --git a/include/stdlib/machine/_stdint.h b/include/stdlib/machine/_stdint.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e36c659
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/stdlib/machine/_stdint.h
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2001, 2002 Mike Barcroft <mike@FreeBSD.org>
+ * Copyright (c) 2001 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
+ * by Klaus Klein.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
+ * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+ * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
+ * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+ * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+ * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+ * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+ * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+ * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
+ * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ * $FreeBSD$
+ */
+
+#ifndef	_MACHINE__STDINT_H_
+#define	_MACHINE__STDINT_H_
+
+#if !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(__STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS)
+
+#define	INT8_C(c)		(c)
+#define	INT16_C(c)		(c)
+#define	INT32_C(c)		(c)
+#define	INT64_C(c)		(c ## L)
+
+#define	UINT8_C(c)		(c)
+#define	UINT16_C(c)		(c)
+#define	UINT32_C(c)		(c ## U)
+#define	UINT64_C(c)		(c ## UL)
+
+#define	INTMAX_C(c)		INT64_C(c)
+#define	UINTMAX_C(c)		UINT64_C(c)
+
+#endif /* !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(__STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS) */
+
+#if !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(__STDC_LIMIT_MACROS)
+
+/*
+ * ISO/IEC 9899:1999
+ * 7.18.2.1 Limits of exact-width integer types
+ */
+/* Minimum values of exact-width signed integer types. */
+#define	INT8_MIN	(-0x7f-1)
+#define	INT16_MIN	(-0x7fff-1)
+#define	INT32_MIN	(-0x7fffffff-1)
+#define	INT64_MIN	(-0x7fffffffffffffffL-1)
+
+/* Maximum values of exact-width signed integer types. */
+#define	INT8_MAX	0x7f
+#define	INT16_MAX	0x7fff
+#define	INT32_MAX	0x7fffffff
+#define	INT64_MAX	0x7fffffffffffffffL
+
+/* Maximum values of exact-width unsigned integer types. */
+#define	UINT8_MAX	0xff
+#define	UINT16_MAX	0xffff
+#define	UINT32_MAX	0xffffffffU
+#define	UINT64_MAX	0xffffffffffffffffUL
+
+/*
+ * ISO/IEC 9899:1999
+ * 7.18.2.2  Limits of minimum-width integer types
+ */
+/* Minimum values of minimum-width signed integer types. */
+#define	INT_LEAST8_MIN	INT8_MIN
+#define	INT_LEAST16_MIN	INT16_MIN
+#define	INT_LEAST32_MIN	INT32_MIN
+#define	INT_LEAST64_MIN	INT64_MIN
+
+/* Maximum values of minimum-width signed integer types. */
+#define	INT_LEAST8_MAX	INT8_MAX
+#define	INT_LEAST16_MAX	INT16_MAX
+#define	INT_LEAST32_MAX	INT32_MAX
+#define	INT_LEAST64_MAX	INT64_MAX
+
+/* Maximum values of minimum-width unsigned integer types. */
+#define	UINT_LEAST8_MAX	 UINT8_MAX
+#define	UINT_LEAST16_MAX UINT16_MAX
+#define	UINT_LEAST32_MAX UINT32_MAX
+#define	UINT_LEAST64_MAX UINT64_MAX
+
+/*
+ * ISO/IEC 9899:1999
+ * 7.18.2.3  Limits of fastest minimum-width integer types
+ */
+/* Minimum values of fastest minimum-width signed integer types. */
+#define	INT_FAST8_MIN	INT32_MIN
+#define	INT_FAST16_MIN	INT32_MIN
+#define	INT_FAST32_MIN	INT32_MIN
+#define	INT_FAST64_MIN	INT64_MIN
+
+/* Maximum values of fastest minimum-width signed integer types. */
+#define	INT_FAST8_MAX	INT32_MAX
+#define	INT_FAST16_MAX	INT32_MAX
+#define	INT_FAST32_MAX	INT32_MAX
+#define	INT_FAST64_MAX	INT64_MAX
+
+/* Maximum values of fastest minimum-width unsigned integer types. */
+#define	UINT_FAST8_MAX	UINT32_MAX
+#define	UINT_FAST16_MAX	UINT32_MAX
+#define	UINT_FAST32_MAX	UINT32_MAX
+#define	UINT_FAST64_MAX	UINT64_MAX
+
+/*
+ * ISO/IEC 9899:1999
+ * 7.18.2.4  Limits of integer types capable of holding object pointers
+ */
+#define	INTPTR_MIN	INT64_MIN
+#define	INTPTR_MAX	INT64_MAX
+#define	UINTPTR_MAX	UINT64_MAX
+
+/*
+ * ISO/IEC 9899:1999
+ * 7.18.2.5  Limits of greatest-width integer types
+ */
+#define	INTMAX_MIN	INT64_MIN
+#define	INTMAX_MAX	INT64_MAX
+#define	UINTMAX_MAX	UINT64_MAX
+
+/*
+ * ISO/IEC 9899:1999
+ * 7.18.3  Limits of other integer types
+ */
+/* Limits of ptrdiff_t. */
+#define	PTRDIFF_MIN	INT64_MIN	
+#define	PTRDIFF_MAX	INT64_MAX
+
+/* Limits of sig_atomic_t. */
+#define	SIG_ATOMIC_MIN	INT32_MIN
+#define	SIG_ATOMIC_MAX	INT32_MAX
+
+/* Limit of size_t. */
+#define	SIZE_MAX	UINT64_MAX
+
+#ifndef WCHAR_MIN /* Also possibly defined in <wchar.h> */
+/* Limits of wchar_t. */
+#define	WCHAR_MIN	INT32_MIN
+#define	WCHAR_MAX	INT32_MAX
+#endif
+
+/* Limits of wint_t. */
+#define	WINT_MIN	INT32_MIN
+#define	WINT_MAX	INT32_MAX
+
+#endif /* !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(__STDC_LIMIT_MACROS) */
+
+#endif /* !_MACHINE__STDINT_H_ */
diff --git a/include/stdlib/machine/_types.h b/include/stdlib/machine/_types.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7e993c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/stdlib/machine/_types.h
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2002 Mike Barcroft <mike@FreeBSD.org>
+ * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
+ *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+ *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+ *    without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+ * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+ * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ * SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ *	From: @(#)ansi.h	8.2 (Berkeley) 1/4/94
+ *	From: @(#)types.h	8.3 (Berkeley) 1/5/94
+ * $FreeBSD$
+ */
+
+#ifndef _MACHINE__TYPES_H_
+#define	_MACHINE__TYPES_H_
+
+#ifndef _SYS_CDEFS_H_
+#error this file needs sys/cdefs.h as a prerequisite
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Basic types upon which most other types are built.
+ */
+typedef	__signed char		__int8_t;
+typedef	unsigned char		__uint8_t;
+typedef	short			__int16_t;
+typedef	unsigned short		__uint16_t;
+typedef	int			__int32_t;
+typedef	unsigned int		__uint32_t;
+typedef	long			__int64_t;
+typedef	unsigned long		__uint64_t;
+
+/*
+ * Standard type definitions.
+ */
+typedef	__int32_t	__clock_t;		/* clock()... */
+typedef	__int64_t	__critical_t;
+typedef	double		__double_t;
+typedef	float		__float_t;
+typedef	__int64_t	__intfptr_t;
+typedef	__int64_t	__intmax_t;
+typedef	__int64_t	__intptr_t;
+typedef	__int32_t	__int_fast8_t;
+typedef	__int32_t	__int_fast16_t;
+typedef	__int32_t	__int_fast32_t;
+typedef	__int64_t	__int_fast64_t;
+typedef	__int8_t	__int_least8_t;
+typedef	__int16_t	__int_least16_t;
+typedef	__int32_t	__int_least32_t;
+typedef	__int64_t	__int_least64_t;
+typedef	__int64_t	__ptrdiff_t;		/* ptr1 - ptr2 */
+typedef	__int64_t	__register_t;
+typedef	__int64_t	__segsz_t;		/* segment size (in pages) */
+typedef	__uint64_t	__size_t;		/* sizeof() */
+typedef	__int64_t	__ssize_t;		/* byte count or error */
+typedef	__int64_t	__time_t;		/* time()... */
+typedef	__uint64_t	__uintfptr_t;
+typedef	__uint64_t	__uintmax_t;
+typedef	__uint64_t	__uintptr_t;
+typedef	__uint32_t	__uint_fast8_t;
+typedef	__uint32_t	__uint_fast16_t;
+typedef	__uint32_t	__uint_fast32_t;
+typedef	__uint64_t	__uint_fast64_t;
+typedef	__uint8_t	__uint_least8_t;
+typedef	__uint16_t	__uint_least16_t;
+typedef	__uint32_t	__uint_least32_t;
+typedef	__uint64_t	__uint_least64_t;
+typedef	__uint64_t	__u_register_t;
+typedef	__uint64_t	__vm_offset_t;
+typedef	__int64_t	__vm_ooffset_t;
+typedef	__uint64_t	__vm_paddr_t;
+typedef	__uint64_t	__vm_pindex_t;
+typedef	__uint64_t	__vm_size_t;
+
+/*
+ * Unusual type definitions.
+ */
+#ifdef __GNUCLIKE_BUILTIN_VARARGS
+typedef __builtin_va_list	__va_list;	/* internally known to gcc */
+#else
+typedef	char *			__va_list;
+#endif /* __GNUCLIKE_BUILTIN_VARARGS */
+#if defined(__GNUCLIKE_BUILTIN_VAALIST) && !defined(__GNUC_VA_LIST) \
+    && !defined(__NO_GNUC_VA_LIST)
+#define __GNUC_VA_LIST
+typedef __va_list		__gnuc_va_list;	/* compatibility w/GNU headers*/
+#endif
+
+#endif /* !_MACHINE__TYPES_H_ */