library/cipher.c

/**
 * \file cipher.c
 * 
 * \brief Generic cipher wrapper for PolarSSL
 *
 * \author Adriaan de Jong <dejong@fox-it.com>
 *
 *  Copyright (C) 2006-2013, Brainspark B.V.
 *
 *  This file is part of PolarSSL (http://www.polarssl.org)
 *  Lead Maintainer: Paul Bakker <polarssl_maintainer at polarssl.org>
 *
 *  All rights reserved.
 *
 *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 *  (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *  GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
 *  with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
 *  51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 */

#include "polarssl/config.h"

#if defined(POLARSSL_CIPHER_C)

#include "polarssl/cipher.h"
#include "polarssl/cipher_wrap.h"

#if defined(POLARSSL_GCM_C)
#include "polarssl/gcm.h"
#endif

#include <stdlib.h>

#if defined(POLARSSL_ARC4_C) || defined(POLARSSL_CIPHER_NULL_CIPHER)
#define POLARSSL_CIPHER_MODE_STREAM
#endif

#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined strcasecmp
#define strcasecmp _stricmp
#endif

static int supported_init = 0;

const int *cipher_list( void )
{
    const cipher_definition_t *def;
    int *type;

    if( ! supported_init )
    {
        def = cipher_definitions;
        type = supported_ciphers;

        while( def->type != 0 )
            *type++ = (*def++).type;

        *type = 0;

        supported_init = 1;
    }

    return supported_ciphers;
}

const cipher_info_t *cipher_info_from_type( const cipher_type_t cipher_type )
{
    const cipher_definition_t *def;

    for( def = cipher_definitions; def->info != NULL; def++ )
        if( def->type == cipher_type )
            return( def->info );

    return NULL;
}

const cipher_info_t *cipher_info_from_string( const char *cipher_name )
{
    const cipher_definition_t *def;

    if( NULL == cipher_name )
        return NULL;

    for( def = cipher_definitions; def->info != NULL; def++ )
        if( !  strcasecmp( def->info->name, cipher_name ) )
            return( def->info );

    return NULL;
}

const cipher_info_t *cipher_info_from_values( const cipher_id_t cipher_id,
                                              int key_length,
                                              const cipher_mode_t mode )
{
    const cipher_definition_t *def;

    for( def = cipher_definitions; def->info != NULL; def++ )
        if( def->info->base->cipher == cipher_id &&
            def->info->key_length == (unsigned) key_length &&
            def->info->mode == mode )
            return( def->info );

    return NULL;
}

int cipher_init_ctx( cipher_context_t *ctx, const cipher_info_t *cipher_info )
{
    if( NULL == cipher_info || NULL == ctx )
        return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA;

    memset( ctx, 0, sizeof( cipher_context_t ) );

    if( NULL == ( ctx->cipher_ctx = cipher_info->base->ctx_alloc_func() ) )
        return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_ALLOC_FAILED;

    ctx->cipher_info = cipher_info;

#if defined(POLARSSL_CIPHER_MODE_WITH_PADDING)
    /*
     * Ignore possible errors caused by a cipher mode that doesn't use padding
     */
#if defined(POLARSSL_CIPHER_PADDING_PKCS7)
    (void) cipher_set_padding_mode( ctx, POLARSSL_PADDING_PKCS7 );
#else
    (void) cipher_set_padding_mode( ctx, POLARSSL_PADDING_NONE );
#endif
#endif /* POLARSSL_CIPHER_MODE_WITH_PADDING */

    return 0;
}

int cipher_free_ctx( cipher_context_t *ctx )
{
    if( ctx == NULL || ctx->cipher_info == NULL )
        return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA;

    ctx->cipher_info->base->ctx_free_func( ctx->cipher_ctx );

    return 0;
}

int cipher_setkey( cipher_context_t *ctx, const unsigned char *key,
        int key_length, const operation_t operation )
{
    if( NULL == ctx || NULL == ctx->cipher_info )
        return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA;

    if( (int) ctx->cipher_info->key_length != key_length )
        return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA;

    ctx->key_length = key_length;
    ctx->operation = operation;

    /*
     * For CFB and CTR mode always use the encryption key schedule
     */
    if( POLARSSL_ENCRYPT == operation ||
        POLARSSL_MODE_CFB == ctx->cipher_info->mode ||
        POLARSSL_MODE_CTR == ctx->cipher_info->mode )
    {
        return ctx->cipher_info->base->setkey_enc_func( ctx->cipher_ctx, key,
                ctx->key_length );
    }

    if( POLARSSL_DECRYPT == operation )
        return ctx->cipher_info->base->setkey_dec_func( ctx->cipher_ctx, key,
                ctx->key_length );

    return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA;
}

int cipher_set_iv( cipher_context_t *ctx,
                   const unsigned char *iv, size_t iv_len )
{
    size_t actual_iv_size;

    if( NULL == ctx || NULL == ctx->cipher_info || NULL == iv )
        return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA;

    /* avoid buffer overflow in ctx->iv */
    if( iv_len > POLARSSL_MAX_IV_LENGTH )
        return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_FEATURE_UNAVAILABLE;

    if( ctx->cipher_info->accepts_variable_iv_size )
        actual_iv_size = iv_len;
    else
    {
        actual_iv_size = ctx->cipher_info->iv_size;

        /* avoid reading past the end of input buffer */
        if( actual_iv_size > iv_len )
            return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA;
    }

    memcpy( ctx->iv, iv, actual_iv_size );
    ctx->iv_size = actual_iv_size;

    return 0;
}

int cipher_reset( cipher_context_t *ctx )
{
    if( NULL == ctx || NULL == ctx->cipher_info )
        return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA;

    ctx->unprocessed_len = 0;

    return 0;
}

#if defined(POLARSSL_CIPHER_MODE_AEAD)
int cipher_update_ad( cipher_context_t *ctx,
                      const unsigned char *ad, size_t ad_len )
{
    if( NULL == ctx || NULL == ctx->cipher_info )
        return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA;

#if defined(POLARSSL_GCM_C)
    if( POLARSSL_MODE_GCM == ctx->cipher_info->mode )
    {
        return gcm_starts( (gcm_context *) ctx->cipher_ctx, ctx->operation,
                           ctx->iv, ctx->iv_size, ad, ad_len );
    }
#endif

    return 0;
}
#endif /* POLARSSL_CIPHER_MODE_AEAD */

int cipher_update( cipher_context_t *ctx, const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen,
        unsigned char *output, size_t *olen )
{
    int ret;

    *olen = 0;

    if( NULL == ctx || NULL == ctx->cipher_info || NULL == olen )
    {
        return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA;
    }

    if( ctx->cipher_info->mode == POLARSSL_MODE_ECB )
    {
        if( ilen != cipher_get_block_size( ctx ) )
            return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_FULL_BLOCK_EXPECTED;

        *olen = ilen;

        if( 0 != ( ret = ctx->cipher_info->base->ecb_func( ctx->cipher_ctx,
                    ctx->operation, input, output ) ) )
        {
            return ret;
        }

        return 0;
    }

#if defined(POLARSSL_GCM_C)
    if( ctx->cipher_info->mode == POLARSSL_MODE_GCM )
    {
        *olen = ilen;
        return gcm_update( (gcm_context *) ctx->cipher_ctx, ilen, input,
                           output );
    }
#endif

    if( input == output &&
       ( ctx->unprocessed_len != 0 || ilen % cipher_get_block_size( ctx ) ) )
    {
        return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA;
    }

#if defined(POLARSSL_CIPHER_MODE_CBC)
    if( ctx->cipher_info->mode == POLARSSL_MODE_CBC )
    {
        size_t copy_len = 0;

        /*
         * If there is not enough data for a full block, cache it.
         */
        if( ( ctx->operation == POLARSSL_DECRYPT &&
                ilen + ctx->unprocessed_len <= cipher_get_block_size( ctx ) ) ||
             ( ctx->operation == POLARSSL_ENCRYPT &&
                ilen + ctx->unprocessed_len < cipher_get_block_size( ctx ) ) )
        {
            memcpy( &( ctx->unprocessed_data[ctx->unprocessed_len] ), input,
                    ilen );

            ctx->unprocessed_len += ilen;
            return 0;
        }

        /*
         * Process cached data first
         */
        if( ctx->unprocessed_len != 0 )
        {
            copy_len = cipher_get_block_size( ctx ) - ctx->unprocessed_len;

            memcpy( &( ctx->unprocessed_data[ctx->unprocessed_len] ), input,
                    copy_len );

            if( 0 != ( ret = ctx->cipher_info->base->cbc_func( ctx->cipher_ctx,
                    ctx->operation, cipher_get_block_size( ctx ), ctx->iv,
                    ctx->unprocessed_data, output ) ) )
            {
                return ret;
            }

            *olen += cipher_get_block_size( ctx );
            output += cipher_get_block_size( ctx );
            ctx->unprocessed_len = 0;

            input += copy_len;
            ilen -= copy_len;
        }

        /*
         * Cache final, incomplete block
         */
        if( 0 != ilen )
        {
            copy_len = ilen % cipher_get_block_size( ctx );
            if( copy_len == 0 && ctx->operation == POLARSSL_DECRYPT )
                copy_len = cipher_get_block_size(ctx);

            memcpy( ctx->unprocessed_data, &( input[ilen - copy_len] ),
                    copy_len );

            ctx->unprocessed_len += copy_len;
            ilen -= copy_len;
        }

        /*
         * Process remaining full blocks
         */
        if( ilen )
        {
            if( 0 != ( ret = ctx->cipher_info->base->cbc_func( ctx->cipher_ctx,
                    ctx->operation, ilen, ctx->iv, input, output ) ) )
            {
                return ret;
            }

            *olen += ilen;
        }

        return 0;
    }
#endif /* POLARSSL_CIPHER_MODE_CBC */

#if defined(POLARSSL_CIPHER_MODE_CFB)
    if( ctx->cipher_info->mode == POLARSSL_MODE_CFB )
    {
        if( 0 != ( ret = ctx->cipher_info->base->cfb_func( ctx->cipher_ctx,
                ctx->operation, ilen, &ctx->unprocessed_len, ctx->iv,
                input, output ) ) )
        {
            return ret;
        }

        *olen = ilen;

        return 0;
    }
#endif

#if defined(POLARSSL_CIPHER_MODE_CTR)
    if( ctx->cipher_info->mode == POLARSSL_MODE_CTR )
    {
        if( 0 != ( ret = ctx->cipher_info->base->ctr_func( ctx->cipher_ctx,
                ilen, &ctx->unprocessed_len, ctx->iv,
                ctx->unprocessed_data, input, output ) ) )
        {
            return ret;
        }

        *olen = ilen;

        return 0;
    }
#endif

#if defined(POLARSSL_CIPHER_MODE_STREAM)
    if( ctx->cipher_info->mode == POLARSSL_MODE_STREAM )
    {
        if( 0 != ( ret = ctx->cipher_info->base->stream_func( ctx->cipher_ctx,
                                                    ilen, input, output ) ) )
        {
            return ret;
        }

        *olen = ilen;

        return 0;
    }
#endif

    return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_FEATURE_UNAVAILABLE;
}

#if defined(POLARSSL_CIPHER_MODE_WITH_PADDING)
#if defined(POLARSSL_CIPHER_PADDING_PKCS7)
/*
 * PKCS7 (and PKCS5) padding: fill with ll bytes, with ll = padding_len
 */
static void add_pkcs_padding( unsigned char *output, size_t output_len,
        size_t data_len )
{
    size_t padding_len = output_len - data_len;
    unsigned char i;

    for( i = 0; i < padding_len; i++ )
        output[data_len + i] = (unsigned char) padding_len;
}

static int get_pkcs_padding( unsigned char *input, size_t input_len,
        size_t *data_len )
{
    size_t i, pad_idx;
    unsigned char padding_len, bad = 0;

    if( NULL == input || NULL == data_len )
        return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA;

    padding_len = input[input_len - 1];
    *data_len = input_len - padding_len;

    /* Avoid logical || since it results in a branch */
    bad |= padding_len > input_len;
    bad |= padding_len == 0;

    /* The number of bytes checked must be independent of padding_len,
     * so pick input_len, which is usually 8 or 16 (one block) */
    pad_idx = input_len - padding_len;
    for( i = 0; i < input_len; i++ )
        bad |= ( input[i] ^ padding_len ) * ( i >= pad_idx );

    return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_INVALID_PADDING * (bad != 0);
}
#endif /* POLARSSL_CIPHER_PADDING_PKCS7 */

#if defined(POLARSSL_CIPHER_PADDING_ONE_AND_ZEROS)
/*
 * One and zeros padding: fill with 80 00 ... 00
 */
static void add_one_and_zeros_padding( unsigned char *output,
                                       size_t output_len, size_t data_len )
{
    size_t padding_len = output_len - data_len;
    unsigned char i = 0;

    output[data_len] = 0x80;
    for( i = 1; i < padding_len; i++ )
        output[data_len + i] = 0x00;
}

static int get_one_and_zeros_padding( unsigned char *input, size_t input_len,
                                      size_t *data_len )
{
    size_t i;
    unsigned char done = 0, prev_done, bad;

    if( NULL == input || NULL == data_len )
        return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA;

    bad = 0xFF;
    *data_len = 0;
    for( i = input_len; i > 0; i-- )
    {
        prev_done = done;
        done |= ( input[i-1] != 0 );
        *data_len |= ( i - 1 ) * ( done != prev_done );
        bad &= ( input[i-1] ^ 0x80 ) | ( done == prev_done );
    }

    return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_INVALID_PADDING * (bad != 0);

}
#endif /* POLARSSL_CIPHER_PADDING_ONE_AND_ZEROS */

#if defined(POLARSSL_CIPHER_PADDING_ZEROS_AND_LEN)
/*
 * Zeros and len padding: fill with 00 ... 00 ll, where ll is padding length
 */
static void add_zeros_and_len_padding( unsigned char *output,
                                       size_t output_len, size_t data_len )
{
    size_t padding_len = output_len - data_len;
    unsigned char i = 0;

    for( i = 1; i < padding_len; i++ )
        output[data_len + i - 1] = 0x00;
    output[output_len - 1] = (unsigned char) padding_len;
}

static int get_zeros_and_len_padding( unsigned char *input, size_t input_len,
                                      size_t *data_len )
{
    size_t i, pad_idx;
    unsigned char padding_len, bad = 0;

    if( NULL == input || NULL == data_len )
        return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA;

    padding_len = input[input_len - 1];
    *data_len = input_len - padding_len;

    /* Avoid logical || since it results in a branch */
    bad |= padding_len > input_len;
    bad |= padding_len == 0;

    /* The number of bytes checked must be independent of padding_len */
    pad_idx = input_len - padding_len;
    for( i = 0; i < input_len - 1; i++ )
        bad |= input[i] * ( i >= pad_idx );

    return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_INVALID_PADDING * (bad != 0);
}
#endif /* POLARSSL_CIPHER_PADDING_ZEROS_AND_LEN */

#if defined(POLARSSL_CIPHER_PADDING_ZEROS)
/*
 * Zero padding: fill with 00 ... 00
 */
static void add_zeros_padding( unsigned char *output,
                               size_t output_len, size_t data_len )
{
    size_t i;

    for( i = data_len; i < output_len; i++ )
        output[i] = 0x00;
}

static int get_zeros_padding( unsigned char *input, size_t input_len,
                              size_t *data_len )
{
    size_t i;
    unsigned char done = 0, prev_done;

    if( NULL == input || NULL == data_len )
        return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA;

    *data_len = 0;
    for( i = input_len; i > 0; i-- )
    {
        prev_done = done;
        done |= ( input[i-1] != 0 );
        *data_len |= i * ( done != prev_done );
    }

    return 0;
}
#endif /* POLARSSL_CIPHER_PADDING_ZEROS */

/*
 * No padding: don't pad :)
 *
 * There is no add_padding function (check for NULL in cipher_finish)
 * but a trivial get_padding function
 */
static int get_no_padding( unsigned char *input, size_t input_len,
                              size_t *data_len )
{
    if( NULL == input || NULL == data_len )
        return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA;

    *data_len = input_len;

    return 0;
}
#endif /* POLARSSL_CIPHER_MODE_WITH_PADDING */

int cipher_finish( cipher_context_t *ctx,
                   unsigned char *output, size_t *olen )
{
    if( NULL == ctx || NULL == ctx->cipher_info || NULL == olen )
        return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA;

    *olen = 0;

    if( POLARSSL_MODE_CFB == ctx->cipher_info->mode ||
        POLARSSL_MODE_CTR == ctx->cipher_info->mode ||
        POLARSSL_MODE_GCM == ctx->cipher_info->mode ||
        POLARSSL_MODE_STREAM == ctx->cipher_info->mode )
    {
        return 0;
    }

    if( POLARSSL_MODE_ECB == ctx->cipher_info->mode )
    {
        if( ctx->unprocessed_len != 0 )
            return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_FULL_BLOCK_EXPECTED;

        return 0;
    }

#if defined(POLARSSL_CIPHER_MODE_CBC)
    if( POLARSSL_MODE_CBC == ctx->cipher_info->mode )
    {
        int ret = 0;

        if( POLARSSL_ENCRYPT == ctx->operation )
        {
            /* check for 'no padding' mode */
            if( NULL == ctx->add_padding )
            {
                if( 0 != ctx->unprocessed_len )
                    return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_FULL_BLOCK_EXPECTED;

                return 0;
            }

            ctx->add_padding( ctx->unprocessed_data, cipher_get_iv_size( ctx ),
                    ctx->unprocessed_len );
        }
        else if ( cipher_get_block_size( ctx ) != ctx->unprocessed_len )
        {
            /*
             * For decrypt operations, expect a full block,
             * or an empty block if no padding
             */
            if( NULL == ctx->add_padding && 0 == ctx->unprocessed_len )
                return 0;

            return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_FULL_BLOCK_EXPECTED;
        }

        /* cipher block */
        if( 0 != ( ret = ctx->cipher_info->base->cbc_func( ctx->cipher_ctx,
                ctx->operation, cipher_get_block_size( ctx ), ctx->iv,
                ctx->unprocessed_data, output ) ) )
        {
            return ret;
        }

        /* Set output size for decryption */
        if( POLARSSL_DECRYPT == ctx->operation )
            return ctx->get_padding( output, cipher_get_block_size( ctx ),
                                     olen );

        /* Set output size for encryption */
        *olen = cipher_get_block_size( ctx );
        return 0;
    }
#else
    ((void) output);
#endif /* POLARSSL_CIPHER_MODE_CBC */

    return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_FEATURE_UNAVAILABLE;
}

#if defined(POLARSSL_CIPHER_MODE_WITH_PADDING)
int cipher_set_padding_mode( cipher_context_t *ctx, cipher_padding_t mode )
{
    if( NULL == ctx ||
        POLARSSL_MODE_CBC != ctx->cipher_info->mode )
    {
        return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA;
    }

    switch( mode )
    {
#if defined(POLARSSL_CIPHER_PADDING_PKCS7)
    case POLARSSL_PADDING_PKCS7:
        ctx->add_padding = add_pkcs_padding;
        ctx->get_padding = get_pkcs_padding;
        break;
#endif
#if defined(POLARSSL_CIPHER_PADDING_ONE_AND_ZEROS)
    case POLARSSL_PADDING_ONE_AND_ZEROS:
        ctx->add_padding = add_one_and_zeros_padding;
        ctx->get_padding = get_one_and_zeros_padding;
        break;
#endif
#if defined(POLARSSL_CIPHER_PADDING_ZEROS_AND_LEN)
    case POLARSSL_PADDING_ZEROS_AND_LEN:
        ctx->add_padding = add_zeros_and_len_padding;
        ctx->get_padding = get_zeros_and_len_padding;
        break;
#endif
#if defined(POLARSSL_CIPHER_PADDING_ZEROS)
    case POLARSSL_PADDING_ZEROS:
        ctx->add_padding = add_zeros_padding;
        ctx->get_padding = get_zeros_padding;
        break;
#endif
    case POLARSSL_PADDING_NONE:
        ctx->add_padding = NULL;
        ctx->get_padding = get_no_padding;
        break;

    default:
        return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_FEATURE_UNAVAILABLE;
    }

    return 0;
}
#endif /* POLARSSL_CIPHER_MODE_WITH_PADDING */

#if defined(POLARSSL_CIPHER_MODE_AEAD)
int cipher_write_tag( cipher_context_t *ctx,
                      unsigned char *tag, size_t tag_len )
{
    if( NULL == ctx || NULL == ctx->cipher_info || NULL == tag )
        return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA;

    if( POLARSSL_ENCRYPT != ctx->operation )
        return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA;

#if defined(POLARSSL_GCM_C)
    if( POLARSSL_MODE_GCM == ctx->cipher_info->mode )
        return gcm_finish( (gcm_context *) ctx->cipher_ctx, tag, tag_len );
#endif

    return 0;
}
 
int cipher_check_tag( cipher_context_t *ctx,
                      const unsigned char *tag, size_t tag_len )
{
    int ret;

    if( NULL == ctx || NULL == ctx->cipher_info ||
        POLARSSL_DECRYPT != ctx->operation )
    {
        return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA;
    }

#if defined(POLARSSL_GCM_C)
    if( POLARSSL_MODE_GCM == ctx->cipher_info->mode )
    {
        unsigned char check_tag[16];
        size_t i;
        int diff;

        if( tag_len > sizeof( check_tag ) )
            return POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA;

        if( 0 != ( ret = gcm_finish( (gcm_context *) ctx->cipher_ctx,
                                     check_tag, tag_len ) ) )
        {
            return( ret );
        }

        /* Check the tag in "constant-time" */
        for( diff = 0, i = 0; i < tag_len; i++ )
            diff |= tag[i] ^ check_tag[i];

        if( diff != 0 )
            return( POLARSSL_ERR_CIPHER_AUTH_FAILED );

        return( 0 );
    }
#endif

    return( 0 );
}
#endif /* POLARSSL_CIPHER_MODE_AEAD */

#if defined(POLARSSL_SELF_TEST)

#include <stdio.h>

#define ASSERT(x) if (!(x)) { \
        printf( "failed with %i at %s\n", value, (#x) ); \
    return( 1 ); \
}
/*
 * Checkup routine
 */

int cipher_self_test( int verbose )
{
    ((void) verbose);

    return( 0 );
}

#endif

#endif