Fix the build without check_config.h (inclusion of limits.h)

Including `mbedtls/check_config.h` from `mbedtls/config.h` is optional. If
done, `limits.h` gets included. If not done, we were missing the inclusion
of `limits.h` in several source files. Fix this and add a test build that
doesn't include `mbedtls/check_config.h`.

Signed-off-by: Gilles Peskine <Gilles.Peskine@arm.com>
diff --git a/library/x509_crt.c b/library/x509_crt.c
index a3a4525..6728fa0 100644
--- a/library/x509_crt.c
+++ b/library/x509_crt.c
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include "mbedtls/oid.h"
 #include "mbedtls/platform_util.h"
 
+#include <limits.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_PEM_PARSE_C)