diff --git a/library/CMakeLists.txt b/library/CMakeLists.txt
index c332d45..7742c22 100644
--- a/library/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/library/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@
     platform.c
     ripemd160.c
     rsa.c
+    rsa_internal.c
     sha1.c
     sha256.c
     sha512.c
@@ -140,15 +141,15 @@
 
 if(USE_SHARED_MBEDTLS_LIBRARY)
     add_library(mbedcrypto SHARED ${src_crypto})
-    set_target_properties(mbedcrypto PROPERTIES VERSION 2.6.0 SOVERSION 0)
+    set_target_properties(mbedcrypto PROPERTIES VERSION 2.8.0 SOVERSION 1)
     target_link_libraries(mbedcrypto ${libs})
 
     add_library(mbedx509 SHARED ${src_x509})
-    set_target_properties(mbedx509 PROPERTIES VERSION 2.6.0 SOVERSION 0)
+    set_target_properties(mbedx509 PROPERTIES VERSION 2.8.0 SOVERSION 0)
     target_link_libraries(mbedx509 ${libs} mbedcrypto)
 
     add_library(mbedtls SHARED ${src_tls})
-    set_target_properties(mbedtls PROPERTIES VERSION 2.6.0 SOVERSION 10)
+    set_target_properties(mbedtls PROPERTIES VERSION 2.8.0 SOVERSION 10)
     target_link_libraries(mbedtls ${libs} mbedx509)
 
     install(TARGETS mbedtls mbedx509 mbedcrypto
diff --git a/library/Makefile b/library/Makefile
index 28f9231..0333815 100644
--- a/library/Makefile
+++ b/library/Makefile
@@ -33,11 +33,14 @@
 
 SOEXT_TLS=so.10
 SOEXT_X509=so.0
-SOEXT_CRYPTO=so.0
+SOEXT_CRYPTO=so.1
 
-DLEXT=so
-# OSX shared library extension:
-# DLEXT=dylib
+# Set DLEXT=dylib to compile as a shared library for Mac OS X
+DLEXT ?= so
+
+# Set AR_DASH= (empty string) to use an ar implentation that does not accept
+# the - prefix for command line options (e.g. llvm-ar)
+AR_DASH ?= -
 
 # Windows shared library extension:
 ifdef WINDOWS_BUILD
@@ -59,9 +62,9 @@
 		padlock.o	pem.o		pk.o		\
 		pk_wrap.o	pkcs12.o	pkcs5.o		\
 		pkparse.o	pkwrite.o	platform.o	\
-		ripemd160.o	rsa.o		sha1.o		\
-		sha256.o	sha512.o	threading.o	\
-		timing.o	version.o			\
+		ripemd160.o	rsa_internal.o	rsa.o  		\
+		sha1.o		sha256.o	sha512.o	\
+		threading.o	timing.o	version.o	\
 		version_features.o		xtea.o
 
 OBJS_X509=	certs.o		pkcs11.o	x509.o		\
@@ -91,9 +94,9 @@
 # tls
 libmbedtls.a: $(OBJS_TLS)
 	echo "  AR    $@"
-	$(AR) -rc $@ $(OBJS_TLS)
+	$(AR) $(AR_DASH)rc $@ $(OBJS_TLS)
 	echo "  RL    $@"
-	$(AR) -s $@
+	$(AR) $(AR_DASH)s $@
 
 libmbedtls.$(SOEXT_TLS): $(OBJS_TLS) libmbedx509.so
 	echo "  LD    $@"
@@ -103,9 +106,9 @@
 	echo "  LN    $@ -> $<"
 	ln -sf $< $@
 
-libmbedtls.dylib: $(OBJS_TLS)
+libmbedtls.dylib: $(OBJS_TLS) libmbedx509.dylib
 	echo "  LD    $@"
-	$(CC) -dynamiclib $(LOCAL_LDFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $(OBJS_TLS)
+	$(CC) -dynamiclib -L. -lmbedcrypto -lmbedx509 $(LOCAL_LDFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $(OBJS_TLS)
 
 libmbedtls.dll: $(OBJS_TLS) libmbedx509.dll
 	echo "  LD    $@"
@@ -114,9 +117,9 @@
 # x509
 libmbedx509.a: $(OBJS_X509)
 	echo "  AR    $@"
-	$(AR) -rc $@ $(OBJS_X509)
+	$(AR) $(AR_DASH)rc $@ $(OBJS_X509)
 	echo "  RL    $@"
-	$(AR) -s $@
+	$(AR) $(AR_DASH)s $@
 
 libmbedx509.$(SOEXT_X509): $(OBJS_X509) libmbedcrypto.so
 	echo "  LD    $@"
@@ -126,9 +129,9 @@
 	echo "  LN    $@ -> $<"
 	ln -sf $< $@
 
-libmbedx509.dylib: $(OBJS_X509)
+libmbedx509.dylib: $(OBJS_X509) libmbedcrypto.dylib
 	echo "  LD    $@"
-	$(CC) -dynamiclib $(LOCAL_LDFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $(OBJS_X509)
+	$(CC) -dynamiclib -L. -lmbedcrypto  $(LOCAL_LDFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $(OBJS_X509)
 
 libmbedx509.dll: $(OBJS_X509) libmbedcrypto.dll
 	echo "  LD    $@"
@@ -137,9 +140,9 @@
 # crypto
 libmbedcrypto.a: $(OBJS_CRYPTO)
 	echo "  AR    $@"
-	$(AR) -rc $@ $(OBJS_CRYPTO)
+	$(AR) $(AR_DASH)rc $@ $(OBJS_CRYPTO)
 	echo "  RL    $@"
-	$(AR) -s $@
+	$(AR) $(AR_DASH)s $@
 
 libmbedcrypto.$(SOEXT_CRYPTO): $(OBJS_CRYPTO)
 	echo "  LD    $@"
diff --git a/library/aes.c b/library/aes.c
index dba4a5f..da94b19 100644
--- a/library/aes.c
+++ b/library/aes.c
@@ -201,6 +201,8 @@
 static const uint32_t FT0[256] = { FT };
 #undef V
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_AES_FEWER_TABLES)
+
 #define V(a,b,c,d) 0x##b##c##d##a
 static const uint32_t FT1[256] = { FT };
 #undef V
@@ -213,6 +215,8 @@
 static const uint32_t FT3[256] = { FT };
 #undef V
 
+#endif /* !MBEDTLS_AES_FEWER_TABLES */
+
 #undef FT
 
 /*
@@ -328,6 +332,8 @@
 static const uint32_t RT0[256] = { RT };
 #undef V
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_AES_FEWER_TABLES)
+
 #define V(a,b,c,d) 0x##b##c##d##a
 static const uint32_t RT1[256] = { RT };
 #undef V
@@ -340,6 +346,8 @@
 static const uint32_t RT3[256] = { RT };
 #undef V
 
+#endif /* !MBEDTLS_AES_FEWER_TABLES */
+
 #undef RT
 
 /*
@@ -359,18 +367,22 @@
  */
 static unsigned char FSb[256];
 static uint32_t FT0[256];
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_AES_FEWER_TABLES)
 static uint32_t FT1[256];
 static uint32_t FT2[256];
 static uint32_t FT3[256];
+#endif /* !MBEDTLS_AES_FEWER_TABLES */
 
 /*
  * Reverse S-box & tables
  */
 static unsigned char RSb[256];
 static uint32_t RT0[256];
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_AES_FEWER_TABLES)
 static uint32_t RT1[256];
 static uint32_t RT2[256];
 static uint32_t RT3[256];
+#endif /* !MBEDTLS_AES_FEWER_TABLES */
 
 /*
  * Round constants
@@ -445,9 +457,11 @@
                  ( (uint32_t) x << 16 ) ^
                  ( (uint32_t) z << 24 );
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_AES_FEWER_TABLES)
         FT1[i] = ROTL8( FT0[i] );
         FT2[i] = ROTL8( FT1[i] );
         FT3[i] = ROTL8( FT2[i] );
+#endif /* !MBEDTLS_AES_FEWER_TABLES */
 
         x = RSb[i];
 
@@ -456,14 +470,48 @@
                  ( (uint32_t) MUL( 0x0D, x ) << 16 ) ^
                  ( (uint32_t) MUL( 0x0B, x ) << 24 );
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_AES_FEWER_TABLES)
         RT1[i] = ROTL8( RT0[i] );
         RT2[i] = ROTL8( RT1[i] );
         RT3[i] = ROTL8( RT2[i] );
+#endif /* !MBEDTLS_AES_FEWER_TABLES */
     }
 }
 
+#undef ROTL8
+
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_AES_ROM_TABLES */
 
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_AES_FEWER_TABLES)
+
+#define ROTL8(x)  ( (uint32_t)( ( x ) <<  8 ) + (uint32_t)( ( x ) >> 24 ) )
+#define ROTL16(x) ( (uint32_t)( ( x ) << 16 ) + (uint32_t)( ( x ) >> 16 ) )
+#define ROTL24(x) ( (uint32_t)( ( x ) << 24 ) + (uint32_t)( ( x ) >>  8 ) )
+
+#define AES_RT0(idx) RT0[idx]
+#define AES_RT1(idx) ROTL8(  RT0[idx] )
+#define AES_RT2(idx) ROTL16( RT0[idx] )
+#define AES_RT3(idx) ROTL24( RT0[idx] )
+
+#define AES_FT0(idx) FT0[idx]
+#define AES_FT1(idx) ROTL8(  FT0[idx] )
+#define AES_FT2(idx) ROTL16( FT0[idx] )
+#define AES_FT3(idx) ROTL24( FT0[idx] )
+
+#else /* MBEDTLS_AES_FEWER_TABLES */
+
+#define AES_RT0(idx) RT0[idx]
+#define AES_RT1(idx) RT1[idx]
+#define AES_RT2(idx) RT2[idx]
+#define AES_RT3(idx) RT3[idx]
+
+#define AES_FT0(idx) FT0[idx]
+#define AES_FT1(idx) FT1[idx]
+#define AES_FT2(idx) FT2[idx]
+#define AES_FT3(idx) FT3[idx]
+
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_AES_FEWER_TABLES */
+
 void mbedtls_aes_init( mbedtls_aes_context *ctx )
 {
     memset( ctx, 0, sizeof( mbedtls_aes_context ) );
@@ -641,10 +689,10 @@
     {
         for( j = 0; j < 4; j++, SK++ )
         {
-            *RK++ = RT0[ FSb[ ( *SK       ) & 0xFF ] ] ^
-                    RT1[ FSb[ ( *SK >>  8 ) & 0xFF ] ] ^
-                    RT2[ FSb[ ( *SK >> 16 ) & 0xFF ] ] ^
-                    RT3[ FSb[ ( *SK >> 24 ) & 0xFF ] ];
+            *RK++ = AES_RT0( FSb[ ( *SK       ) & 0xFF ] ) ^
+                    AES_RT1( FSb[ ( *SK >>  8 ) & 0xFF ] ) ^
+                    AES_RT2( FSb[ ( *SK >> 16 ) & 0xFF ] ) ^
+                    AES_RT3( FSb[ ( *SK >> 24 ) & 0xFF ] );
         }
     }
 
@@ -660,50 +708,50 @@
 }
 #endif /* !MBEDTLS_AES_SETKEY_DEC_ALT */
 
-#define AES_FROUND(X0,X1,X2,X3,Y0,Y1,Y2,Y3)     \
-{                                               \
-    X0 = *RK++ ^ FT0[ ( Y0       ) & 0xFF ] ^   \
-                 FT1[ ( Y1 >>  8 ) & 0xFF ] ^   \
-                 FT2[ ( Y2 >> 16 ) & 0xFF ] ^   \
-                 FT3[ ( Y3 >> 24 ) & 0xFF ];    \
-                                                \
-    X1 = *RK++ ^ FT0[ ( Y1       ) & 0xFF ] ^   \
-                 FT1[ ( Y2 >>  8 ) & 0xFF ] ^   \
-                 FT2[ ( Y3 >> 16 ) & 0xFF ] ^   \
-                 FT3[ ( Y0 >> 24 ) & 0xFF ];    \
-                                                \
-    X2 = *RK++ ^ FT0[ ( Y2       ) & 0xFF ] ^   \
-                 FT1[ ( Y3 >>  8 ) & 0xFF ] ^   \
-                 FT2[ ( Y0 >> 16 ) & 0xFF ] ^   \
-                 FT3[ ( Y1 >> 24 ) & 0xFF ];    \
-                                                \
-    X3 = *RK++ ^ FT0[ ( Y3       ) & 0xFF ] ^   \
-                 FT1[ ( Y0 >>  8 ) & 0xFF ] ^   \
-                 FT2[ ( Y1 >> 16 ) & 0xFF ] ^   \
-                 FT3[ ( Y2 >> 24 ) & 0xFF ];    \
+#define AES_FROUND(X0,X1,X2,X3,Y0,Y1,Y2,Y3)         \
+{                                                   \
+    X0 = *RK++ ^ AES_FT0( ( Y0       ) & 0xFF ) ^   \
+                 AES_FT1( ( Y1 >>  8 ) & 0xFF ) ^   \
+                 AES_FT2( ( Y2 >> 16 ) & 0xFF ) ^   \
+                 AES_FT3( ( Y3 >> 24 ) & 0xFF );    \
+                                                    \
+    X1 = *RK++ ^ AES_FT0( ( Y1       ) & 0xFF ) ^   \
+                 AES_FT1( ( Y2 >>  8 ) & 0xFF ) ^   \
+                 AES_FT2( ( Y3 >> 16 ) & 0xFF ) ^   \
+                 AES_FT3( ( Y0 >> 24 ) & 0xFF );    \
+                                                    \
+    X2 = *RK++ ^ AES_FT0( ( Y2       ) & 0xFF ) ^   \
+                 AES_FT1( ( Y3 >>  8 ) & 0xFF ) ^   \
+                 AES_FT2( ( Y0 >> 16 ) & 0xFF ) ^   \
+                 AES_FT3( ( Y1 >> 24 ) & 0xFF );    \
+                                                    \
+    X3 = *RK++ ^ AES_FT0( ( Y3       ) & 0xFF ) ^   \
+                 AES_FT1( ( Y0 >>  8 ) & 0xFF ) ^   \
+                 AES_FT2( ( Y1 >> 16 ) & 0xFF ) ^   \
+                 AES_FT3( ( Y2 >> 24 ) & 0xFF );    \
 }
 
-#define AES_RROUND(X0,X1,X2,X3,Y0,Y1,Y2,Y3)     \
-{                                               \
-    X0 = *RK++ ^ RT0[ ( Y0       ) & 0xFF ] ^   \
-                 RT1[ ( Y3 >>  8 ) & 0xFF ] ^   \
-                 RT2[ ( Y2 >> 16 ) & 0xFF ] ^   \
-                 RT3[ ( Y1 >> 24 ) & 0xFF ];    \
-                                                \
-    X1 = *RK++ ^ RT0[ ( Y1       ) & 0xFF ] ^   \
-                 RT1[ ( Y0 >>  8 ) & 0xFF ] ^   \
-                 RT2[ ( Y3 >> 16 ) & 0xFF ] ^   \
-                 RT3[ ( Y2 >> 24 ) & 0xFF ];    \
-                                                \
-    X2 = *RK++ ^ RT0[ ( Y2       ) & 0xFF ] ^   \
-                 RT1[ ( Y1 >>  8 ) & 0xFF ] ^   \
-                 RT2[ ( Y0 >> 16 ) & 0xFF ] ^   \
-                 RT3[ ( Y3 >> 24 ) & 0xFF ];    \
-                                                \
-    X3 = *RK++ ^ RT0[ ( Y3       ) & 0xFF ] ^   \
-                 RT1[ ( Y2 >>  8 ) & 0xFF ] ^   \
-                 RT2[ ( Y1 >> 16 ) & 0xFF ] ^   \
-                 RT3[ ( Y0 >> 24 ) & 0xFF ];    \
+#define AES_RROUND(X0,X1,X2,X3,Y0,Y1,Y2,Y3)         \
+{                                                   \
+    X0 = *RK++ ^ AES_RT0( ( Y0       ) & 0xFF ) ^   \
+                 AES_RT1( ( Y3 >>  8 ) & 0xFF ) ^   \
+                 AES_RT2( ( Y2 >> 16 ) & 0xFF ) ^   \
+                 AES_RT3( ( Y1 >> 24 ) & 0xFF );    \
+                                                    \
+    X1 = *RK++ ^ AES_RT0( ( Y1       ) & 0xFF ) ^   \
+                 AES_RT1( ( Y0 >>  8 ) & 0xFF ) ^   \
+                 AES_RT2( ( Y3 >> 16 ) & 0xFF ) ^   \
+                 AES_RT3( ( Y2 >> 24 ) & 0xFF );    \
+                                                    \
+    X2 = *RK++ ^ AES_RT0( ( Y2       ) & 0xFF ) ^   \
+                 AES_RT1( ( Y1 >>  8 ) & 0xFF ) ^   \
+                 AES_RT2( ( Y0 >> 16 ) & 0xFF ) ^   \
+                 AES_RT3( ( Y3 >> 24 ) & 0xFF );    \
+                                                    \
+    X3 = *RK++ ^ AES_RT0( ( Y3       ) & 0xFF ) ^   \
+                 AES_RT1( ( Y2 >>  8 ) & 0xFF ) ^   \
+                 AES_RT2( ( Y1 >> 16 ) & 0xFF ) ^   \
+                 AES_RT3( ( Y0 >> 24 ) & 0xFF );    \
 }
 
 /*
@@ -765,12 +813,14 @@
 }
 #endif /* !MBEDTLS_AES_ENCRYPT_ALT */
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
 void mbedtls_aes_encrypt( mbedtls_aes_context *ctx,
                           const unsigned char input[16],
                           unsigned char output[16] )
 {
     mbedtls_internal_aes_encrypt( ctx, input, output );
 }
+#endif /* !MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED */
 
 /*
  * AES-ECB block decryption
@@ -831,12 +881,14 @@
 }
 #endif /* !MBEDTLS_AES_DECRYPT_ALT */
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
 void mbedtls_aes_decrypt( mbedtls_aes_context *ctx,
                           const unsigned char input[16],
                           unsigned char output[16] )
 {
     mbedtls_internal_aes_decrypt( ctx, input, output );
 }
+#endif /* !MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED */
 
 /*
  * AES-ECB block encryption/decryption
diff --git a/library/aesni.c b/library/aesni.c
index 1ca3c3e..062708b 100644
--- a/library/aesni.c
+++ b/library/aesni.c
@@ -32,6 +32,12 @@
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_AESNI_C)
 
+#if defined(__has_feature)
+#if __has_feature(memory_sanitizer)
+#warning "MBEDTLS_AESNI_C is known to cause spurious error reports with some memory sanitizers as they do not understand the assembly code."
+#endif
+#endif
+
 #include "mbedtls/aesni.h"
 
 #include <string.h>
diff --git a/library/bignum.c b/library/bignum.c
index d3a150c..f58af78 100644
--- a/library/bignum.c
+++ b/library/bignum.c
@@ -63,6 +63,11 @@
     volatile mbedtls_mpi_uint *p = v; while( n-- ) *p++ = 0;
 }
 
+/* Implementation that should never be optimized out by the compiler */
+static void mbedtls_zeroize( void *v, size_t n ) {
+    volatile unsigned char *p = v; while( n-- ) *p++ = 0;
+}
+
 #define ciL    (sizeof(mbedtls_mpi_uint))         /* chars in limb  */
 #define biL    (ciL << 3)               /* bits  in limb  */
 #define biH    (ciL << 2)               /* half limb size */
@@ -179,7 +184,7 @@
  */
 int mbedtls_mpi_copy( mbedtls_mpi *X, const mbedtls_mpi *Y )
 {
-    int ret;
+    int ret = 0;
     size_t i;
 
     if( X == Y )
@@ -198,9 +203,15 @@
 
     X->s = Y->s;
 
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_grow( X, i ) );
+    if( X->n < i )
+    {
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_grow( X, i ) );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        memset( X->p + i, 0, ( X->n - i ) * ciL );
+    }
 
-    memset( X->p, 0, X->n * ciL );
     memcpy( X->p, Y->p, i * ciL );
 
 cleanup:
@@ -672,16 +683,20 @@
 int mbedtls_mpi_read_binary( mbedtls_mpi *X, const unsigned char *buf, size_t buflen )
 {
     int ret;
-    size_t i, j, n;
+    size_t i, j;
+    size_t const limbs = CHARS_TO_LIMBS( buflen );
 
-    for( n = 0; n < buflen; n++ )
-        if( buf[n] != 0 )
-            break;
+    /* Ensure that target MPI has exactly the necessary number of limbs */
+    if( X->n != limbs )
+    {
+        mbedtls_mpi_free( X );
+        mbedtls_mpi_init( X );
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_grow( X, limbs ) );
+    }
 
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_grow( X, CHARS_TO_LIMBS( buflen - n ) ) );
     MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_lset( X, 0 ) );
 
-    for( i = buflen, j = 0; i > n; i--, j++ )
+    for( i = buflen, j = 0; i > 0; i--, j++ )
         X->p[j / ciL] |= ((mbedtls_mpi_uint) buf[i - 1]) << ((j % ciL) << 3);
 
 cleanup:
@@ -954,7 +969,7 @@
     while( c != 0 )
     {
         z = ( *d < c ); *d -= c;
-        c = z; i++; d++;
+        c = z; d++;
     }
 }
 
@@ -1192,8 +1207,8 @@
     MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_grow( X, i + j ) );
     MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_lset( X, 0 ) );
 
-    for( i++; j > 0; j-- )
-        mpi_mul_hlp( i - 1, A->p, X->p + j - 1, B->p[j - 1] );
+    for( ; j > 0; j-- )
+        mpi_mul_hlp( i, A->p, X->p + j - 1, B->p[j - 1] );
 
     X->s = A->s * B->s;
 
@@ -1614,7 +1629,7 @@
     mbedtls_mpi RR, T, W[ 2 << MBEDTLS_MPI_WINDOW_SIZE ], Apos;
     int neg;
 
-    if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( N, 0 ) < 0 || ( N->p[0] & 1 ) == 0 )
+    if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( N, 0 ) <= 0 || ( N->p[0] & 1 ) == 0 )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
 
     if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( E, 0 ) < 0 )
@@ -1882,6 +1897,7 @@
     MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_read_binary( X, buf, size ) );
 
 cleanup:
+    mbedtls_zeroize( buf, sizeof( buf ) );
     return( ret );
 }
 
@@ -2178,12 +2194,23 @@
 
 /*
  * Prime number generation
+ *
+ * If dh_flag is 0 and nbits is at least 1024, then the procedure
+ * follows the RSA probably-prime generation method of FIPS 186-4.
+ * NB. FIPS 186-4 only allows the specific bit lengths of 1024 and 1536.
  */
 int mbedtls_mpi_gen_prime( mbedtls_mpi *X, size_t nbits, int dh_flag,
                    int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t),
                    void *p_rng )
 {
-    int ret;
+#ifdef MBEDTLS_HAVE_INT64
+// ceil(2^63.5)
+#define CEIL_MAXUINT_DIV_SQRT2 0xb504f333f9de6485ULL
+#else
+// ceil(2^31.5)
+#define CEIL_MAXUINT_DIV_SQRT2 0xb504f334U
+#endif
+    int ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_NOT_ACCEPTABLE;
     size_t k, n;
     mbedtls_mpi_uint r;
     mbedtls_mpi Y;
@@ -2195,69 +2222,66 @@
 
     n = BITS_TO_LIMBS( nbits );
 
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_fill_random( X, n * ciL, f_rng, p_rng ) );
-
-    k = mbedtls_mpi_bitlen( X );
-    if( k > nbits ) MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_shift_r( X, k - nbits + 1 ) );
-
-    mbedtls_mpi_set_bit( X, nbits-1, 1 );
-
-    X->p[0] |= 1;
-
-    if( dh_flag == 0 )
+    while( 1 )
     {
-        while( ( ret = mbedtls_mpi_is_prime( X, f_rng, p_rng ) ) != 0 )
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_fill_random( X, n * ciL, f_rng, p_rng ) );
+        /* make sure generated number is at least (nbits-1)+0.5 bits (FIPS 186-4 §B.3.3 steps 4.4, 5.5) */
+        if( X->p[n-1] < CEIL_MAXUINT_DIV_SQRT2 ) continue;
+
+        k = n * biL;
+        if( k > nbits ) MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_shift_r( X, k - nbits ) );
+        X->p[0] |= 1;
+
+        if( dh_flag == 0 )
         {
+            ret = mbedtls_mpi_is_prime( X, f_rng, p_rng );
+
             if( ret != MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_NOT_ACCEPTABLE )
                 goto cleanup;
-
-            MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_int( X, X, 2 ) );
         }
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        /*
-         * An necessary condition for Y and X = 2Y + 1 to be prime
-         * is X = 2 mod 3 (which is equivalent to Y = 2 mod 3).
-         * Make sure it is satisfied, while keeping X = 3 mod 4
-         */
-
-        X->p[0] |= 2;
-
-        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mod_int( &r, X, 3 ) );
-        if( r == 0 )
-            MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_int( X, X, 8 ) );
-        else if( r == 1 )
-            MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_int( X, X, 4 ) );
-
-        /* Set Y = (X-1) / 2, which is X / 2 because X is odd */
-        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_copy( &Y, X ) );
-        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_shift_r( &Y, 1 ) );
-
-        while( 1 )
+        else
         {
             /*
-             * First, check small factors for X and Y
-             * before doing Miller-Rabin on any of them
+             * An necessary condition for Y and X = 2Y + 1 to be prime
+             * is X = 2 mod 3 (which is equivalent to Y = 2 mod 3).
+             * Make sure it is satisfied, while keeping X = 3 mod 4
              */
-            if( ( ret = mpi_check_small_factors(  X         ) ) == 0 &&
-                ( ret = mpi_check_small_factors( &Y         ) ) == 0 &&
-                ( ret = mpi_miller_rabin(  X, f_rng, p_rng  ) ) == 0 &&
-                ( ret = mpi_miller_rabin( &Y, f_rng, p_rng  ) ) == 0 )
+
+            X->p[0] |= 2;
+
+            MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mod_int( &r, X, 3 ) );
+            if( r == 0 )
+                MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_int( X, X, 8 ) );
+            else if( r == 1 )
+                MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_int( X, X, 4 ) );
+
+            /* Set Y = (X-1) / 2, which is X / 2 because X is odd */
+            MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_copy( &Y, X ) );
+            MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_shift_r( &Y, 1 ) );
+
+            while( 1 )
             {
-                break;
+                /*
+                 * First, check small factors for X and Y
+                 * before doing Miller-Rabin on any of them
+                 */
+                if( ( ret = mpi_check_small_factors(  X         ) ) == 0 &&
+                    ( ret = mpi_check_small_factors( &Y         ) ) == 0 &&
+                    ( ret = mpi_miller_rabin(  X, f_rng, p_rng  ) ) == 0 &&
+                    ( ret = mpi_miller_rabin( &Y, f_rng, p_rng  ) ) == 0 )
+                    goto cleanup;
+
+                if( ret != MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_NOT_ACCEPTABLE )
+                    goto cleanup;
+
+                /*
+                 * Next candidates. We want to preserve Y = (X-1) / 2 and
+                 * Y = 1 mod 2 and Y = 2 mod 3 (eq X = 3 mod 4 and X = 2 mod 3)
+                 * so up Y by 6 and X by 12.
+                 */
+                MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_int(  X,  X, 12 ) );
+                MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_int( &Y, &Y, 6  ) );
             }
-
-            if( ret != MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_NOT_ACCEPTABLE )
-                goto cleanup;
-
-            /*
-             * Next candidates. We want to preserve Y = (X-1) / 2 and
-             * Y = 1 mod 2 and Y = 2 mod 3 (eq X = 3 mod 4 and X = 2 mod 3)
-             * so up Y by 6 and X by 12.
-             */
-            MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_int(  X,  X, 12 ) );
-            MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_int( &Y, &Y, 6  ) );
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/library/cipher.c b/library/cipher.c
index e9e0b22..7369f48 100644
--- a/library/cipher.c
+++ b/library/cipher.c
@@ -325,8 +325,10 @@
         /*
          * If there is not enough data for a full block, cache it.
          */
-        if( ( ctx->operation == MBEDTLS_DECRYPT &&
+        if( ( ctx->operation == MBEDTLS_DECRYPT && NULL != ctx->add_padding &&
                 ilen <= block_size - ctx->unprocessed_len ) ||
+            ( ctx->operation == MBEDTLS_DECRYPT && NULL == ctx->add_padding &&
+                ilen < block_size - ctx->unprocessed_len ) ||
              ( ctx->operation == MBEDTLS_ENCRYPT &&
                 ilen < block_size - ctx->unprocessed_len ) )
         {
@@ -372,9 +374,17 @@
                 return MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_INVALID_CONTEXT;
             }
 
+            /* Encryption: only cache partial blocks
+             * Decryption w/ padding: always keep at least one whole block
+             * Decryption w/o padding: only cache partial blocks
+             */
             copy_len = ilen % block_size;
-            if( copy_len == 0 && ctx->operation == MBEDTLS_DECRYPT )
+            if( copy_len == 0 &&
+                ctx->operation == MBEDTLS_DECRYPT &&
+                NULL != ctx->add_padding)
+            {
                 copy_len = block_size;
+            }
 
             memcpy( ctx->unprocessed_data, &( input[ilen - copy_len] ),
                     copy_len );
@@ -516,14 +526,14 @@
     if( NULL == input || NULL == data_len )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
 
-    bad = 0xFF;
+    bad = 0x80;
     *data_len = 0;
     for( i = input_len; i > 0; i-- )
     {
         prev_done = done;
-        done |= ( input[i-1] != 0 );
+        done |= ( input[i - 1] != 0 );
         *data_len |= ( i - 1 ) * ( done != prev_done );
-        bad &= ( input[i-1] ^ 0x80 ) | ( done == prev_done );
+        bad ^= input[i - 1] * ( done != prev_done );
     }
 
     return( MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_INVALID_PADDING * ( bad != 0 ) );
diff --git a/library/cmac.c b/library/cmac.c
index 9dbff90..a4a2106 100644
--- a/library/cmac.c
+++ b/library/cmac.c
@@ -771,7 +771,7 @@
                               int block_size,
                               int num_tests )
 {
-    int i, ret;
+    int i, ret = 0;
     mbedtls_cipher_context_t ctx;
     const mbedtls_cipher_info_t *cipher_info;
     unsigned char K1[MBEDTLS_CIPHER_BLKSIZE_MAX];
@@ -853,7 +853,7 @@
                                  int num_tests )
 {
     const mbedtls_cipher_info_t *cipher_info;
-    int i, ret;
+    int i, ret = 0;
     unsigned char output[MBEDTLS_CIPHER_BLKSIZE_MAX];
 
     cipher_info = mbedtls_cipher_info_from_type( cipher_type );
diff --git a/library/ctr_drbg.c b/library/ctr_drbg.c
index 55612c7..ff532a0 100644
--- a/library/ctr_drbg.c
+++ b/library/ctr_drbg.c
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
  *  This file is part of mbed TLS (https://tls.mbed.org)
  */
 /*
- *  The NIST SP 800-90 DRBGs are described in the following publucation.
+ *  The NIST SP 800-90 DRBGs are described in the following publication.
  *
  *  http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-90/SP800-90revised_March2007.pdf
  */
@@ -94,11 +94,15 @@
     /*
      * Initialize with an empty key
      */
-    mbedtls_aes_setkey_enc( &ctx->aes_ctx, key, MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_KEYBITS );
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_aes_setkey_enc( &ctx->aes_ctx, key, MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_KEYBITS ) ) != 0 )
+    {
+        return( ret );
+    }
 
     if( ( ret = mbedtls_ctr_drbg_reseed( ctx, custom, len ) ) != 0 )
+    {
         return( ret );
-
+    }
     return( 0 );
 }
 
@@ -148,6 +152,7 @@
     unsigned char chain[MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_BLOCKSIZE];
     unsigned char *p, *iv;
     mbedtls_aes_context aes_ctx;
+    int ret = 0;
 
     int i, j;
     size_t buf_len, use_len;
@@ -180,7 +185,10 @@
     for( i = 0; i < MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_KEYSIZE; i++ )
         key[i] = i;
 
-    mbedtls_aes_setkey_enc( &aes_ctx, key, MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_KEYBITS );
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_aes_setkey_enc( &aes_ctx, key, MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_KEYBITS ) ) != 0 )
+    {
+        goto exit;
+    }
 
     /*
      * Reduce data to MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_SEEDLEN bytes of data
@@ -199,7 +207,10 @@
             use_len -= ( use_len >= MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_BLOCKSIZE ) ?
                        MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_BLOCKSIZE : use_len;
 
-            mbedtls_aes_crypt_ecb( &aes_ctx, MBEDTLS_AES_ENCRYPT, chain, chain );
+            if( ( ret = mbedtls_aes_crypt_ecb( &aes_ctx, MBEDTLS_AES_ENCRYPT, chain, chain ) ) != 0 )
+            {
+                goto exit;
+            }
         }
 
         memcpy( tmp + j, chain, MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_BLOCKSIZE );
@@ -213,20 +224,40 @@
     /*
      * Do final encryption with reduced data
      */
-    mbedtls_aes_setkey_enc( &aes_ctx, tmp, MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_KEYBITS );
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_aes_setkey_enc( &aes_ctx, tmp, MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_KEYBITS ) ) != 0 )
+    {
+        goto exit;
+    }
     iv = tmp + MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_KEYSIZE;
     p = output;
 
     for( j = 0; j < MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_SEEDLEN; j += MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_BLOCKSIZE )
     {
-        mbedtls_aes_crypt_ecb( &aes_ctx, MBEDTLS_AES_ENCRYPT, iv, iv );
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_aes_crypt_ecb( &aes_ctx, MBEDTLS_AES_ENCRYPT, iv, iv ) ) != 0 )
+        {
+            goto exit;
+        }
         memcpy( p, iv, MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_BLOCKSIZE );
         p += MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_BLOCKSIZE;
     }
-
+exit:
     mbedtls_aes_free( &aes_ctx );
+    /*
+    * tidy up the stack
+    */
+    mbedtls_zeroize( buf, sizeof( buf ) );
+    mbedtls_zeroize( tmp, sizeof( tmp ) );
+    mbedtls_zeroize( key, sizeof( key ) );
+    mbedtls_zeroize( chain, sizeof( chain ) );
+    if( 0 != ret )
+    {
+        /*
+        * wipe partial seed from memory
+        */
+        mbedtls_zeroize( output, MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_SEEDLEN );
+    }
 
-    return( 0 );
+    return( ret );
 }
 
 static int ctr_drbg_update_internal( mbedtls_ctr_drbg_context *ctx,
@@ -235,6 +266,7 @@
     unsigned char tmp[MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_SEEDLEN];
     unsigned char *p = tmp;
     int i, j;
+    int ret = 0;
 
     memset( tmp, 0, MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_SEEDLEN );
 
@@ -250,7 +282,10 @@
         /*
          * Crypt counter block
          */
-        mbedtls_aes_crypt_ecb( &ctx->aes_ctx, MBEDTLS_AES_ENCRYPT, ctx->counter, p );
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_aes_crypt_ecb( &ctx->aes_ctx, MBEDTLS_AES_ENCRYPT, ctx->counter, p ) ) != 0 )
+        {
+            return( ret );
+        }
 
         p += MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_BLOCKSIZE;
     }
@@ -261,7 +296,10 @@
     /*
      * Update key and counter
      */
-    mbedtls_aes_setkey_enc( &ctx->aes_ctx, tmp, MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_KEYBITS );
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_aes_setkey_enc( &ctx->aes_ctx, tmp, MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_KEYBITS ) ) != 0 )
+    {
+        return( ret );
+    }
     memcpy( ctx->counter, tmp + MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_KEYSIZE, MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_BLOCKSIZE );
 
     return( 0 );
@@ -289,6 +327,7 @@
 {
     unsigned char seed[MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_MAX_SEED_INPUT];
     size_t seedlen = 0;
+    int ret;
 
     if( ctx->entropy_len > MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_MAX_SEED_INPUT ||
         len > MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_MAX_SEED_INPUT - ctx->entropy_len )
@@ -319,12 +358,18 @@
     /*
      * Reduce to 384 bits
      */
-    block_cipher_df( seed, seed, seedlen );
+    if( ( ret = block_cipher_df( seed, seed, seedlen ) ) != 0 )
+    {
+        return( ret );
+    }
 
     /*
      * Update state
      */
-    ctr_drbg_update_internal( ctx, seed );
+    if( ( ret = ctr_drbg_update_internal( ctx, seed ) ) != 0 )
+    {
+        return( ret );
+    }
     ctx->reseed_counter = 1;
 
     return( 0 );
@@ -354,15 +399,22 @@
         ctx->prediction_resistance )
     {
         if( ( ret = mbedtls_ctr_drbg_reseed( ctx, additional, add_len ) ) != 0 )
+        {
             return( ret );
-
+        }
         add_len = 0;
     }
 
     if( add_len > 0 )
     {
-        block_cipher_df( add_input, additional, add_len );
-        ctr_drbg_update_internal( ctx, add_input );
+        if( ( ret = block_cipher_df( add_input, additional, add_len ) ) != 0 )
+        {
+            return( ret );
+        }
+        if( ( ret = ctr_drbg_update_internal( ctx, add_input ) ) != 0 )
+        {
+            return( ret );
+        }
     }
 
     while( output_len > 0 )
@@ -377,7 +429,10 @@
         /*
          * Crypt counter block
          */
-        mbedtls_aes_crypt_ecb( &ctx->aes_ctx, MBEDTLS_AES_ENCRYPT, ctx->counter, tmp );
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_aes_crypt_ecb( &ctx->aes_ctx, MBEDTLS_AES_ENCRYPT, ctx->counter, tmp ) ) != 0 )
+        {
+            return( ret );
+        }
 
         use_len = ( output_len > MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_BLOCKSIZE ) ? MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_BLOCKSIZE :
                                                        output_len;
@@ -389,7 +444,10 @@
         output_len -= use_len;
     }
 
-    ctr_drbg_update_internal( ctx, add_input );
+    if( ( ret = ctr_drbg_update_internal( ctx, add_input ) ) != 0 )
+    {
+        return( ret );
+    }
 
     ctx->reseed_counter++;
 
@@ -430,20 +488,20 @@
         goto exit;
 
     if( fwrite( buf, 1, MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_MAX_INPUT, f ) != MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_MAX_INPUT )
-    {
         ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_CTR_DRBG_FILE_IO_ERROR;
-        goto exit;
-    }
-
-    ret = 0;
+    else
+        ret = 0;
 
 exit:
+    mbedtls_zeroize( buf, sizeof( buf ) );
+
     fclose( f );
     return( ret );
 }
 
 int mbedtls_ctr_drbg_update_seed_file( mbedtls_ctr_drbg_context *ctx, const char *path )
 {
+    int ret = 0;
     FILE *f;
     size_t n;
     unsigned char buf[ MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_MAX_INPUT ];
@@ -462,14 +520,16 @@
     }
 
     if( fread( buf, 1, n, f ) != n )
-    {
-        fclose( f );
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_CTR_DRBG_FILE_IO_ERROR );
-    }
+        ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_CTR_DRBG_FILE_IO_ERROR;
+    else
+        mbedtls_ctr_drbg_update( ctx, buf, n );
 
     fclose( f );
 
-    mbedtls_ctr_drbg_update( ctx, buf, n );
+    mbedtls_zeroize( buf, sizeof( buf ) );
+
+    if( ret != 0 )
+        return( ret );
 
     return( mbedtls_ctr_drbg_write_seed_file( ctx, path ) );
 }
diff --git a/library/debug.c b/library/debug.c
index f9229b3..db3924a 100644
--- a/library/debug.c
+++ b/library/debug.c
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@
 
     va_start( argp, format );
 #if defined(_WIN32)
-#if defined(_TRUNCATE)
+#if defined(_TRUNCATE) && !defined(__MINGW32__)
     ret = _vsnprintf_s( str, DEBUG_BUF_SIZE, _TRUNCATE, format, argp );
 #else
     ret = _vsnprintf( str, DEBUG_BUF_SIZE, format, argp );
diff --git a/library/dhm.c b/library/dhm.c
index bec52a1..28ac310 100644
--- a/library/dhm.c
+++ b/library/dhm.c
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@
 #define mbedtls_free       free
 #endif
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DHM_ALT)
 /* Implementation that should never be optimized out by the compiler */
 static void mbedtls_zeroize( void *v, size_t n ) {
     volatile unsigned char *p = v; while( n-- ) *p++ = 0;
@@ -93,6 +94,9 @@
  *
  * Parameter should be: 2 <= public_param <= P - 2
  *
+ * This means that we need to return an error if
+ *              public_param < 2 or public_param > P-2
+ *
  * For more information on the attack, see:
  *  http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~rja14/Papers/psandqs.pdf
  *  http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2005-2643
@@ -100,17 +104,17 @@
 static int dhm_check_range( const mbedtls_mpi *param, const mbedtls_mpi *P )
 {
     mbedtls_mpi L, U;
-    int ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_DHM_BAD_INPUT_DATA;
+    int ret = 0;
 
     mbedtls_mpi_init( &L ); mbedtls_mpi_init( &U );
 
     MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_lset( &L, 2 ) );
     MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_int( &U, P, 2 ) );
 
-    if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_mpi( param, &L ) >= 0 &&
-        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_mpi( param, &U ) <= 0 )
+    if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_mpi( param, &L ) < 0 ||
+        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_mpi( param, &U ) > 0 )
     {
-        ret = 0;
+        ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_DHM_BAD_INPUT_DATA;
     }
 
 cleanup:
@@ -187,10 +191,15 @@
     /*
      * export P, G, GX
      */
-#define DHM_MPI_EXPORT(X,n)                     \
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_write_binary( X, p + 2, n ) ); \
-    *p++ = (unsigned char)( n >> 8 );           \
-    *p++ = (unsigned char)( n      ); p += n;
+#define DHM_MPI_EXPORT( X, n )                                          \
+    do {                                                                \
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_write_binary( ( X ),               \
+                                                   p + 2,               \
+                                                   ( n ) ) );           \
+        *p++ = (unsigned char)( ( n ) >> 8 );                           \
+        *p++ = (unsigned char)( ( n )      );                           \
+        p += ( n );                                                     \
+    } while( 0 )
 
     n1 = mbedtls_mpi_size( &ctx->P  );
     n2 = mbedtls_mpi_size( &ctx->G  );
@@ -201,7 +210,7 @@
     DHM_MPI_EXPORT( &ctx->G , n2 );
     DHM_MPI_EXPORT( &ctx->GX, n3 );
 
-    *olen  = p - output;
+    *olen = p - output;
 
     ctx->len = n1;
 
@@ -214,6 +223,28 @@
 }
 
 /*
+ * Set prime modulus and generator
+ */
+int mbedtls_dhm_set_group( mbedtls_dhm_context *ctx,
+                           const mbedtls_mpi *P,
+                           const mbedtls_mpi *G )
+{
+    int ret;
+
+    if( ctx == NULL || P == NULL || G == NULL )
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_DHM_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_mpi_copy( &ctx->P, P ) ) != 0 ||
+        ( ret = mbedtls_mpi_copy( &ctx->G, G ) ) != 0 )
+    {
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_DHM_SET_GROUP_FAILED + ret );
+    }
+
+    ctx->len = mbedtls_mpi_size( &ctx->P );
+    return( 0 );
+}
+
+/*
  * Import the peer's public value G^Y
  */
 int mbedtls_dhm_read_public( mbedtls_dhm_context *ctx,
@@ -400,10 +431,11 @@
  */
 void mbedtls_dhm_free( mbedtls_dhm_context *ctx )
 {
-    mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->pX); mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->Vf ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->Vi );
-    mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->RP ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->K ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->GY );
-    mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->GX ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->X ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->G );
-    mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->P );
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->pX ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->Vf );
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->Vi ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->RP );
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->K  ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->GY );
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->GX ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->X  );
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->G  ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->P  );
 
     mbedtls_zeroize( ctx, sizeof( mbedtls_dhm_context ) );
 }
@@ -542,7 +574,10 @@
     if( fread( *buf, 1, *n, f ) != *n )
     {
         fclose( f );
+
+        mbedtls_zeroize( *buf, *n + 1 );
         mbedtls_free( *buf );
+
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_DHM_FILE_IO_ERROR );
     }
 
@@ -577,6 +612,7 @@
 }
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_FS_IO */
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_ASN1_PARSE_C */
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_DHM_ALT */
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SELF_TEST)
 
diff --git a/library/ecdh.c b/library/ecdh.c
index c0a8147..61380b6 100644
--- a/library/ecdh.c
+++ b/library/ecdh.c
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 
 #include <string.h>
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_ECDH_GEN_PUBLIC_ALT)
 /*
  * Generate public key: simple wrapper around mbedtls_ecp_gen_keypair
  */
@@ -47,7 +48,9 @@
 {
     return mbedtls_ecp_gen_keypair( grp, d, Q, f_rng, p_rng );
 }
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_ECDH_GEN_PUBLIC_ALT */
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_ECDH_COMPUTE_SHARED_ALT)
 /*
  * Compute shared secret (SEC1 3.3.1)
  */
@@ -81,6 +84,7 @@
 
     return( ret );
 }
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_ECDH_COMPUTE_SHARED_ALT */
 
 /*
  * Initialize context
diff --git a/library/ecdsa.c b/library/ecdsa.c
index 8892317..17a88bd 100644
--- a/library/ecdsa.c
+++ b/library/ecdsa.c
@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@
     return( ret );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_ECDSA_SIGN_ALT)
 /*
  * Compute ECDSA signature of a hashed message (SEC1 4.1.3)
  * Obviously, compared to SEC1 4.1.3, we skip step 4 (hash message)
@@ -157,6 +158,7 @@
 
     return( ret );
 }
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_ECDSA_SIGN_ALT */
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_ECDSA_DETERMINISTIC)
 /*
@@ -196,6 +198,7 @@
 }
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_ECDSA_DETERMINISTIC */
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_ECDSA_VERIFY_ALT)
 /*
  * Verify ECDSA signature of hashed message (SEC1 4.1.4)
  * Obviously, compared to SEC1 4.1.3, we skip step 2 (hash message)
@@ -281,6 +284,7 @@
 
     return( ret );
 }
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_ECDSA_VERIFY_ALT */
 
 /*
  * Convert a signature (given by context) to ASN.1
@@ -396,6 +400,9 @@
                               &ctx->Q, &r, &s ) ) != 0 )
         goto cleanup;
 
+    /* At this point we know that the buffer starts with a valid signature.
+     * Return 0 if the buffer just contains the signature, and a specific
+     * error code if the valid signature is followed by more data. */
     if( p != end )
         ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_SIG_LEN_MISMATCH;
 
@@ -406,6 +413,7 @@
     return( ret );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_ECDSA_GENKEY_ALT)
 /*
  * Generate key pair
  */
@@ -415,6 +423,7 @@
     return( mbedtls_ecp_group_load( &ctx->grp, gid ) ||
             mbedtls_ecp_gen_keypair( &ctx->grp, &ctx->d, &ctx->Q, f_rng, p_rng ) );
 }
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_ECDSA_GENKEY_ALT */
 
 /*
  * Set context from an mbedtls_ecp_keypair
diff --git a/library/ecjpake.c b/library/ecjpake.c
index 1fa1c2d..e8f4086 100644
--- a/library/ecjpake.c
+++ b/library/ecjpake.c
@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@
 
 #include <string.h>
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_ECJPAKE_ALT)
+
 /*
  * Convert a mbedtls_ecjpake_role to identifier string
  */
@@ -764,6 +766,7 @@
 #undef ID_MINE
 #undef ID_PEER
 
+#endif /* ! MBEDTLS_ECJPAKE_ALT */
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SELF_TEST)
 
diff --git a/library/ecp.c b/library/ecp.c
index 5ad6863..92a188b 100644
--- a/library/ecp.c
+++ b/library/ecp.c
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
  * GECC = Guide to Elliptic Curve Cryptography - Hankerson, Menezes, Vanstone
  * FIPS 186-3 http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips186-3/fips_186-3.pdf
  * RFC 4492 for the related TLS structures and constants
+ * RFC 7748 for the Curve448 and Curve25519 curve definitions
  *
  * [Curve25519] http://cr.yp.to/ecdh/curve25519-20060209.pdf
  *
@@ -99,7 +100,8 @@
 #define ECP_SHORTWEIERSTRASS
 #endif
 
-#if defined(MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_CURVE25519_ENABLED)
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_CURVE25519_ENABLED) || \
+    defined(MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_CURVE448_ENABLED)
 #define ECP_MONTGOMERY
 #endif
 
@@ -1852,6 +1854,8 @@
 static int ecp_check_pubkey_mx( const mbedtls_ecp_group *grp, const mbedtls_ecp_point *pt )
 {
     /* [Curve25519 p. 5] Just check X is the correct number of bytes */
+    /* Allow any public value, if it's too big then we'll just reduce it mod p
+     * (RFC 7748 sec. 5 para. 3). */
     if( mbedtls_mpi_size( &pt->X ) > ( grp->nbits + 7 ) / 8 )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_INVALID_KEY );
 
@@ -1887,14 +1891,18 @@
 #if defined(ECP_MONTGOMERY)
     if( ecp_get_type( grp ) == ECP_TYPE_MONTGOMERY )
     {
-        /* see [Curve25519] page 5 */
+        /* see RFC 7748 sec. 5 para. 5 */
         if( mbedtls_mpi_get_bit( d, 0 ) != 0 ||
             mbedtls_mpi_get_bit( d, 1 ) != 0 ||
-            mbedtls_mpi_get_bit( d, 2 ) != 0 ||
             mbedtls_mpi_bitlen( d ) - 1 != grp->nbits ) /* mbedtls_mpi_bitlen is one-based! */
             return( MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_INVALID_KEY );
         else
-            return( 0 );
+
+        /* see [Curve25519] page 5 */
+        if( grp->nbits == 254 && mbedtls_mpi_get_bit( d, 2 ) != 0 )
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_INVALID_KEY );
+
+        return( 0 );
     }
 #endif /* ECP_MONTGOMERY */
 #if defined(ECP_SHORTWEIERSTRASS)
@@ -1941,10 +1949,14 @@
         else
             MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_set_bit( d, grp->nbits, 1 ) );
 
-        /* Make sure the last three bits are unset */
+        /* Make sure the last two bits are unset for Curve448, three bits for
+           Curve25519 */
         MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_set_bit( d, 0, 0 ) );
         MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_set_bit( d, 1, 0 ) );
-        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_set_bit( d, 2, 0 ) );
+        if( grp->nbits == 254 )
+        {
+            MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_set_bit( d, 2, 0 ) );
+        }
     }
     else
 #endif /* ECP_MONTGOMERY */
@@ -1953,7 +1965,6 @@
     {
         /* SEC1 3.2.1: Generate d such that 1 <= n < N */
         int count = 0;
-        unsigned char rnd[MBEDTLS_ECP_MAX_BYTES];
 
         /*
          * Match the procedure given in RFC 6979 (deterministic ECDSA):
@@ -1964,8 +1975,7 @@
          */
         do
         {
-            MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( f_rng( p_rng, rnd, n_size ) );
-            MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_read_binary( d, rnd, n_size ) );
+            MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_fill_random( d, n_size, f_rng, p_rng ) );
             MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_shift_r( d, 8 * n_size - grp->nbits ) );
 
             /*
diff --git a/library/ecp_curves.c b/library/ecp_curves.c
index df5ac3e..68e2441 100644
--- a/library/ecp_curves.c
+++ b/library/ecp_curves.c
@@ -627,6 +627,9 @@
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_CURVE25519_ENABLED)
 static int ecp_mod_p255( mbedtls_mpi * );
 #endif
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_CURVE448_ENABLED)
+static int ecp_mod_p448( mbedtls_mpi * );
+#endif
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_SECP192K1_ENABLED)
 static int ecp_mod_p192k1( mbedtls_mpi * );
 #endif
@@ -670,7 +673,12 @@
     MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_int( &grp->P, &grp->P, 19 ) );
     grp->pbits = mbedtls_mpi_bitlen( &grp->P );
 
-    /* Y intentionaly not set, since we use x/z coordinates.
+    /* N = 2^252 + 27742317777372353535851937790883648493 */
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_read_string( &grp->N, 16,
+                                              "14DEF9DEA2F79CD65812631A5CF5D3ED" ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_set_bit( &grp->N, 252, 1 ) );
+
+    /* Y intentionally not set, since we use x/z coordinates.
      * This is used as a marker to identify Montgomery curves! */
     MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_lset( &grp->G.X, 9 ) );
     MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_lset( &grp->G.Z, 1 ) );
@@ -687,6 +695,52 @@
 }
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_CURVE25519_ENABLED */
 
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_CURVE448_ENABLED)
+/*
+ * Specialized function for creating the Curve448 group
+ */
+static int ecp_use_curve448( mbedtls_ecp_group *grp )
+{
+    mbedtls_mpi Ns;
+    int ret;
+
+    mbedtls_mpi_init( &Ns );
+
+    /* Actually ( A + 2 ) / 4 */
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_read_string( &grp->A, 16, "98AA" ) );
+
+    /* P = 2^448 - 2^224 - 1 */
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_lset( &grp->P, 1 ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_shift_l( &grp->P, 224 ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_int( &grp->P, &grp->P, 1 ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_shift_l( &grp->P, 224 ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_int( &grp->P, &grp->P, 1 ) );
+    grp->pbits = mbedtls_mpi_bitlen( &grp->P );
+
+    /* Y intentionally not set, since we use x/z coordinates.
+     * This is used as a marker to identify Montgomery curves! */
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_lset( &grp->G.X, 5 ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_lset( &grp->G.Z, 1 ) );
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &grp->G.Y );
+
+    /* N = 2^446 - 13818066809895115352007386748515426880336692474882178609894547503885 */
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_set_bit( &grp->N, 446, 1 ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_read_string( &Ns, 16,
+                                              "8335DC163BB124B65129C96FDE933D8D723A70AADC873D6D54A7BB0D" ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_mpi( &grp->N, &grp->N, &Ns ) );
+
+    /* Actually, the required msb for private keys */
+    grp->nbits = 447;
+
+cleanup:
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &Ns );
+    if( ret != 0 )
+        mbedtls_ecp_group_free( grp );
+
+    return( ret );
+}
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_CURVE448_ENABLED */
+
 /*
  * Set a group using well-known domain parameters
  */
@@ -767,6 +821,12 @@
             return( ecp_use_curve25519( grp ) );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_CURVE25519_ENABLED */
 
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_CURVE448_ENABLED)
+        case MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_CURVE448:
+            grp->modp = ecp_mod_p448;
+            return( ecp_use_curve448( grp ) );
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_CURVE448_ENABLED */
+
         default:
             mbedtls_ecp_group_free( grp );
             return( MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_FEATURE_UNAVAILABLE );
@@ -1176,7 +1236,7 @@
     M.s = 1;
     M.n = N->n - ( P255_WIDTH - 1 );
     if( M.n > P255_WIDTH + 1 )
-        M.n = P255_WIDTH + 1;
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
     M.p = Mp;
     memset( Mp, 0, sizeof Mp );
     memcpy( Mp, N->p + P255_WIDTH - 1, M.n * sizeof( mbedtls_mpi_uint ) );
@@ -1197,6 +1257,77 @@
 }
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_CURVE25519_ENABLED */
 
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_CURVE448_ENABLED)
+
+/* Size of p448 in terms of mbedtls_mpi_uint */
+#define P448_WIDTH      ( 448 / 8 / sizeof( mbedtls_mpi_uint ) )
+
+/* Number of limbs fully occupied by 2^224 (max), and limbs used by it (min) */
+#define DIV_ROUND_UP( X, Y ) ( ( ( X ) + ( Y ) - 1 ) / ( Y ) )
+#define P224_WIDTH_MIN   ( 28 / sizeof( mbedtls_mpi_uint ) )
+#define P224_WIDTH_MAX   DIV_ROUND_UP( 28, sizeof( mbedtls_mpi_uint ) )
+#define P224_UNUSED_BITS ( ( P224_WIDTH_MAX * sizeof( mbedtls_mpi_uint ) * 8 ) - 224 )
+
+/*
+ * Fast quasi-reduction modulo p448 = 2^448 - 2^224 - 1
+ * Write N as A0 + 2^448 A1 and A1 as B0 + 2^224 B1, and return
+ * A0 + A1 + B1 + (B0 + B1) * 2^224.  This is different to the reference
+ * implementation of Curve448, which uses its own special 56-bit limbs rather
+ * than a generic bignum library.  We could squeeze some extra speed out on
+ * 32-bit machines by splitting N up into 32-bit limbs and doing the
+ * arithmetic using the limbs directly as we do for the NIST primes above,
+ * but for 64-bit targets it should use half the number of operations if we do
+ * the reduction with 224-bit limbs, since mpi_add_mpi will then use 64-bit adds.
+ */
+static int ecp_mod_p448( mbedtls_mpi *N )
+{
+    int ret;
+    size_t i;
+    mbedtls_mpi M, Q;
+    mbedtls_mpi_uint Mp[P448_WIDTH + 1], Qp[P448_WIDTH];
+
+    if( N->n <= P448_WIDTH )
+        return( 0 );
+
+    /* M = A1 */
+    M.s = 1;
+    M.n = N->n - ( P448_WIDTH );
+    if( M.n > P448_WIDTH )
+        /* Shouldn't be called with N larger than 2^896! */
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+    M.p = Mp;
+    memset( Mp, 0, sizeof( Mp ) );
+    memcpy( Mp, N->p + P448_WIDTH, M.n * sizeof( mbedtls_mpi_uint ) );
+
+    /* N = A0 */
+    for( i = P448_WIDTH; i < N->n; i++ )
+        N->p[i] = 0;
+
+    /* N += A1 */
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_mpi( N, N, &M ) );
+
+    /* Q = B1, N += B1 */
+    Q = M;
+    Q.p = Qp;
+    memcpy( Qp, Mp, sizeof( Qp ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_shift_r( &Q, 224 ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_mpi( N, N, &Q ) );
+
+    /* M = (B0 + B1) * 2^224, N += M */
+    if( sizeof( mbedtls_mpi_uint ) > 4 )
+        Mp[P224_WIDTH_MIN] &= ( (mbedtls_mpi_uint)-1 ) >> ( P224_UNUSED_BITS );
+    for( i = P224_WIDTH_MAX; i < M.n; ++i )
+        Mp[i] = 0;
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_mpi( &M, &M, &Q ) );
+    M.n = P448_WIDTH + 1; /* Make room for shifted carry bit from the addition */
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_shift_l( &M, 224 ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_mpi( N, N, &M ) );
+
+cleanup:
+    return( ret );
+}
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_CURVE448_ENABLED */
+
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_SECP192K1_ENABLED) ||   \
     defined(MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_SECP224K1_ENABLED) ||   \
     defined(MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_SECP256K1_ENABLED)
diff --git a/library/entropy.c b/library/entropy.c
index bf943aa..e17512e 100644
--- a/library/entropy.c
+++ b/library/entropy.c
@@ -68,16 +68,18 @@
 
 void mbedtls_entropy_init( mbedtls_entropy_context *ctx )
 {
-    memset( ctx, 0, sizeof(mbedtls_entropy_context) );
+    ctx->source_count = 0;
+    memset( ctx->source, 0, sizeof( ctx->source ) );
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_THREADING_C)
     mbedtls_mutex_init( &ctx->mutex );
 #endif
 
+    ctx->accumulator_started = 0;
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_SHA512_ACCUMULATOR)
-    mbedtls_sha512_starts( &ctx->accumulator, 0 );
+    mbedtls_sha512_init( &ctx->accumulator );
 #else
-    mbedtls_sha256_starts( &ctx->accumulator, 0 );
+    mbedtls_sha256_init( &ctx->accumulator );
 #endif
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_HAVEGE_C)
     mbedtls_havege_init( &ctx->havege_data );
@@ -116,6 +118,7 @@
     mbedtls_entropy_add_source( ctx, mbedtls_nv_seed_poll, NULL,
                                 MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_BLOCK_SIZE,
                                 MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_SOURCE_STRONG );
+    ctx->initial_entropy_run = 0;
 #endif
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_NO_DEFAULT_ENTROPY_SOURCES */
 }
@@ -128,7 +131,17 @@
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_THREADING_C)
     mbedtls_mutex_free( &ctx->mutex );
 #endif
-    mbedtls_zeroize( ctx, sizeof( mbedtls_entropy_context ) );
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_SHA512_ACCUMULATOR)
+    mbedtls_sha512_free( &ctx->accumulator );
+#else
+    mbedtls_sha256_free( &ctx->accumulator );
+#endif
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_NV_SEED)
+    ctx->initial_entropy_run = 0;
+#endif
+    ctx->source_count = 0;
+    mbedtls_zeroize( ctx->source, sizeof( ctx->source ) );
+    ctx->accumulator_started = 0;
 }
 
 int mbedtls_entropy_add_source( mbedtls_entropy_context *ctx,
@@ -175,13 +188,16 @@
     unsigned char tmp[MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_BLOCK_SIZE];
     size_t use_len = len;
     const unsigned char *p = data;
+    int ret = 0;
 
     if( use_len > MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_BLOCK_SIZE )
     {
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_SHA512_ACCUMULATOR)
-        mbedtls_sha512( data, len, tmp, 0 );
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha512_ret( data, len, tmp, 0 ) ) != 0 )
+            goto cleanup;
 #else
-        mbedtls_sha256( data, len, tmp, 0 );
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha256_ret( data, len, tmp, 0 ) ) != 0 )
+            goto cleanup;
 #endif
         p = tmp;
         use_len = MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_BLOCK_SIZE;
@@ -190,15 +206,35 @@
     header[0] = source_id;
     header[1] = use_len & 0xFF;
 
+    /*
+     * Start the accumulator if this has not already happened. Note that
+     * it is sufficient to start the accumulator here only because all calls to
+     * gather entropy eventually execute this code.
+     */
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_SHA512_ACCUMULATOR)
-    mbedtls_sha512_update( &ctx->accumulator, header, 2 );
-    mbedtls_sha512_update( &ctx->accumulator, p, use_len );
+    if( ctx->accumulator_started == 0 &&
+        ( ret = mbedtls_sha512_starts_ret( &ctx->accumulator, 0 ) ) != 0 )
+        goto cleanup;
+    else
+        ctx->accumulator_started = 1;
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha512_update_ret( &ctx->accumulator, header, 2 ) ) != 0 )
+        goto cleanup;
+    ret = mbedtls_sha512_update_ret( &ctx->accumulator, p, use_len );
 #else
-    mbedtls_sha256_update( &ctx->accumulator, header, 2 );
-    mbedtls_sha256_update( &ctx->accumulator, p, use_len );
+    if( ctx->accumulator_started == 0 &&
+        ( ret = mbedtls_sha256_starts_ret( &ctx->accumulator, 0 ) ) != 0 )
+        goto cleanup;
+    else
+        ctx->accumulator_started = 1;
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha256_update_ret( &ctx->accumulator, header, 2 ) ) != 0 )
+        goto cleanup;
+    ret = mbedtls_sha256_update_ret( &ctx->accumulator, p, use_len );
 #endif
 
-    return( 0 );
+cleanup:
+    mbedtls_zeroize( tmp, sizeof( tmp ) );
+
+    return( ret );
 }
 
 int mbedtls_entropy_update_manual( mbedtls_entropy_context *ctx,
@@ -245,7 +281,7 @@
         if( ( ret = ctx->source[i].f_source( ctx->source[i].p_source,
                         buf, MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_MAX_GATHER, &olen ) ) != 0 )
         {
-            return( ret );
+            goto cleanup;
         }
 
         /*
@@ -253,15 +289,20 @@
          */
         if( olen > 0 )
         {
-            entropy_update( ctx, (unsigned char) i, buf, olen );
+            if( ( ret = entropy_update( ctx, (unsigned char) i,
+                                        buf, olen ) ) != 0 )
+                return( ret );
             ctx->source[i].size += olen;
         }
     }
 
     if( have_one_strong == 0 )
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_ENTROPY_NO_STRONG_SOURCE );
+        ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_ENTROPY_NO_STRONG_SOURCE;
 
-    return( 0 );
+cleanup:
+    mbedtls_zeroize( buf, sizeof( buf ) );
+
+    return( ret );
 }
 
 /*
@@ -336,33 +377,52 @@
     memset( buf, 0, MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_BLOCK_SIZE );
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_SHA512_ACCUMULATOR)
-    mbedtls_sha512_finish( &ctx->accumulator, buf );
+    /*
+     * Note that at this stage it is assumed that the accumulator was started
+     * in a previous call to entropy_update(). If this is not guaranteed, the
+     * code below will fail.
+     */
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha512_finish_ret( &ctx->accumulator, buf ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
 
     /*
      * Reset accumulator and counters and recycle existing entropy
      */
-    memset( &ctx->accumulator, 0, sizeof( mbedtls_sha512_context ) );
-    mbedtls_sha512_starts( &ctx->accumulator, 0 );
-    mbedtls_sha512_update( &ctx->accumulator, buf, MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_BLOCK_SIZE );
+    mbedtls_sha512_free( &ctx->accumulator );
+    mbedtls_sha512_init( &ctx->accumulator );
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha512_starts_ret( &ctx->accumulator, 0 ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha512_update_ret( &ctx->accumulator, buf,
+                                           MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_BLOCK_SIZE ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
 
     /*
      * Perform second SHA-512 on entropy
      */
-    mbedtls_sha512( buf, MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_BLOCK_SIZE, buf, 0 );
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha512_ret( buf, MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_BLOCK_SIZE,
+                                    buf, 0 ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
 #else /* MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_SHA512_ACCUMULATOR */
-    mbedtls_sha256_finish( &ctx->accumulator, buf );
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha256_finish_ret( &ctx->accumulator, buf ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
 
     /*
      * Reset accumulator and counters and recycle existing entropy
      */
-    memset( &ctx->accumulator, 0, sizeof( mbedtls_sha256_context ) );
-    mbedtls_sha256_starts( &ctx->accumulator, 0 );
-    mbedtls_sha256_update( &ctx->accumulator, buf, MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_BLOCK_SIZE );
+    mbedtls_sha256_free( &ctx->accumulator );
+    mbedtls_sha256_init( &ctx->accumulator );
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha256_starts_ret( &ctx->accumulator, 0 ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha256_update_ret( &ctx->accumulator, buf,
+                                           MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_BLOCK_SIZE ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
 
     /*
      * Perform second SHA-256 on entropy
      */
-    mbedtls_sha256( buf, MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_BLOCK_SIZE, buf, 0 );
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha256_ret( buf, MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_BLOCK_SIZE,
+                                    buf, 0 ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_SHA512_ACCUMULATOR */
 
     for( i = 0; i < ctx->source_count; i++ )
@@ -373,6 +433,8 @@
     ret = 0;
 
 exit:
+    mbedtls_zeroize( buf, sizeof( buf ) );
+
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_THREADING_C)
     if( mbedtls_mutex_unlock( &ctx->mutex ) != 0 )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_THREADING_MUTEX_ERROR );
@@ -385,7 +447,7 @@
 int mbedtls_entropy_update_nv_seed( mbedtls_entropy_context *ctx )
 {
     int ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_ENTROPY_FILE_IO_ERROR;
-    unsigned char buf[ MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_MAX_SEED_SIZE ];
+    unsigned char buf[MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_BLOCK_SIZE];
 
     /* Read new seed  and write it to NV */
     if( ( ret = mbedtls_entropy_func( ctx, buf, MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_BLOCK_SIZE ) ) != 0 )
@@ -396,9 +458,9 @@
 
     /* Manually update the remaining stream with a separator value to diverge */
     memset( buf, 0, MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_BLOCK_SIZE );
-    mbedtls_entropy_update_manual( ctx, buf, MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_BLOCK_SIZE );
+    ret = mbedtls_entropy_update_manual( ctx, buf, MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_BLOCK_SIZE );
 
-    return( 0 );
+    return( ret );
 }
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_NV_SEED */
 
@@ -424,12 +486,15 @@
     ret = 0;
 
 exit:
+    mbedtls_zeroize( buf, sizeof( buf ) );
+
     fclose( f );
     return( ret );
 }
 
 int mbedtls_entropy_update_seed_file( mbedtls_entropy_context *ctx, const char *path )
 {
+    int ret = 0;
     FILE *f;
     size_t n;
     unsigned char buf[ MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_MAX_SEED_SIZE ];
@@ -445,14 +510,16 @@
         n = MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_MAX_SEED_SIZE;
 
     if( fread( buf, 1, n, f ) != n )
-    {
-        fclose( f );
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_ENTROPY_FILE_IO_ERROR );
-    }
+        ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_ENTROPY_FILE_IO_ERROR;
+    else
+        ret = mbedtls_entropy_update_manual( ctx, buf, n );
 
     fclose( f );
 
-    mbedtls_entropy_update_manual( ctx, buf, n );
+    mbedtls_zeroize( buf, sizeof( buf ) );
+
+    if( ret != 0 )
+        return( ret );
 
     return( mbedtls_entropy_write_seed_file( ctx, path ) );
 }
diff --git a/library/entropy_poll.c b/library/entropy_poll.c
index a116e60..67900c4 100644
--- a/library/entropy_poll.c
+++ b/library/entropy_poll.c
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
 #if !defined(MBEDTLS_NO_PLATFORM_ENTROPY)
 
 #if !defined(unix) && !defined(__unix__) && !defined(__unix) && \
-    !defined(__APPLE__) && !defined(_WIN32)
+    !defined(__APPLE__) && !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__QNXNTO__)
 #error "Platform entropy sources only work on Unix and Windows, see MBEDTLS_NO_PLATFORM_ENTROPY in config.h"
 #endif
 
diff --git a/library/error.c b/library/error.c
index 490a040..1d708fb 100644
--- a/library/error.c
+++ b/library/error.c
@@ -45,6 +45,10 @@
 #include "mbedtls/aes.h"
 #endif
 
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_ARC4_C)
+#include "mbedtls/arc4.h"
+#endif
+
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_BASE64_C)
 #include "mbedtls/base64.h"
 #endif
@@ -69,6 +73,10 @@
 #include "mbedtls/cipher.h"
 #endif
 
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_CMAC_C)
+#include "mbedtls/cmac.h"
+#endif
+
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_C)
 #include "mbedtls/ctr_drbg.h"
 #endif
@@ -101,6 +109,18 @@
 #include "mbedtls/md.h"
 #endif
 
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_MD2_C)
+#include "mbedtls/md2.h"
+#endif
+
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_MD4_C)
+#include "mbedtls/md4.h"
+#endif
+
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_MD5_C)
+#include "mbedtls/md5.h"
+#endif
+
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_NET_C)
 #include "mbedtls/net_sockets.h"
 #endif
@@ -129,10 +149,26 @@
 #include "mbedtls/pkcs5.h"
 #endif
 
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_RIPEMD160_C)
+#include "mbedtls/ripemd160.h"
+#endif
+
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_C)
 #include "mbedtls/rsa.h"
 #endif
 
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_SHA1_C)
+#include "mbedtls/sha1.h"
+#endif
+
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_SHA256_C)
+#include "mbedtls/sha256.h"
+#endif
+
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_SHA512_C)
+#include "mbedtls/sha512.h"
+#endif
+
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_TLS_C)
 #include "mbedtls/ssl.h"
 #endif
@@ -174,7 +210,7 @@
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_FEATURE_UNAVAILABLE) )
             mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "CIPHER - The selected feature is not available" );
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_BAD_INPUT_DATA) )
-            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "CIPHER - Bad input parameters to function" );
+            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "CIPHER - Bad input parameters" );
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_ALLOC_FAILED) )
             mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "CIPHER - Failed to allocate memory" );
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_INVALID_PADDING) )
@@ -184,12 +220,14 @@
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_AUTH_FAILED) )
             mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "CIPHER - Authentication failed (for AEAD modes)" );
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_INVALID_CONTEXT) )
-            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "CIPHER - The context is invalid, eg because it was free()ed" );
+            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "CIPHER - The context is invalid. For example, because it was freed" );
+        if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_CIPHER_HW_ACCEL_FAILED) )
+            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "CIPHER - Cipher hardware accelerator failed" );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_CIPHER_C */
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_DHM_C)
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_DHM_BAD_INPUT_DATA) )
-            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "DHM - Bad input parameters to function" );
+            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "DHM - Bad input parameters" );
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_DHM_READ_PARAMS_FAILED) )
             mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "DHM - Reading of the DHM parameters failed" );
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_DHM_MAKE_PARAMS_FAILED) )
@@ -205,7 +243,11 @@
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_DHM_ALLOC_FAILED) )
             mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "DHM - Allocation of memory failed" );
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_DHM_FILE_IO_ERROR) )
-            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "DHM - Read/write of file failed" );
+            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "DHM - Read or write of file failed" );
+        if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_DHM_HW_ACCEL_FAILED) )
+            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "DHM - DHM hardware accelerator failed" );
+        if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_DHM_SET_GROUP_FAILED) )
+            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "DHM - Setting the modulus and generator failed" );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_DHM_C */
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_ECP_C)
@@ -224,7 +266,9 @@
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_INVALID_KEY) )
             mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "ECP - Invalid private or public key" );
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_SIG_LEN_MISMATCH) )
-            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "ECP - Signature is valid but shorter than the user-supplied length" );
+            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "ECP - The buffer contains a valid signature followed by more data" );
+        if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_HW_ACCEL_FAILED) )
+            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "ECP - ECP hardware accelerator failed" );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_ECP_C */
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_MD_C)
@@ -236,6 +280,8 @@
             mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "MD - Failed to allocate memory" );
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_FILE_IO_ERROR) )
             mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "MD - Opening or reading of file failed" );
+        if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_HW_ACCEL_FAILED) )
+            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "MD - MD hardware accelerator failed" );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_MD_C */
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_PEM_PARSE_C) || defined(MBEDTLS_PEM_WRITE_C)
@@ -287,7 +333,9 @@
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_FEATURE_UNAVAILABLE) )
             mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "PK - Unavailable feature, e.g. RSA disabled for RSA key" );
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_SIG_LEN_MISMATCH) )
-            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "PK - The signature is valid but its length is less than expected" );
+            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "PK - The buffer contains a valid signature followed by more data" );
+        if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_HW_ACCEL_FAILED) )
+            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "PK - PK hardware accelerator failed" );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_PK_C */
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_PKCS12_C)
@@ -320,7 +368,7 @@
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_KEY_GEN_FAILED) )
             mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "RSA - Something failed during generation of a key" );
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_KEY_CHECK_FAILED) )
-            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "RSA - Key failed to pass the library's validity check" );
+            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "RSA - Key failed to pass the validity check of the library" );
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_PUBLIC_FAILED) )
             mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "RSA - The public key operation failed" );
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_PRIVATE_FAILED) )
@@ -332,7 +380,9 @@
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_RNG_FAILED) )
             mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "RSA - The random generator failed to generate non-zeros" );
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION) )
-            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "RSA - The implementation doesn't offer the requested operation, e.g. because of security violations or lack of functionality" );
+            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "RSA - The implementation does not offer the requested operation, for example, because of security violations or lack of functionality" );
+        if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_HW_ACCEL_FAILED) )
+            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "RSA - RSA hardware accelerator failed" );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_RSA_C */
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_TLS_C)
@@ -428,7 +478,7 @@
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_NO_USABLE_CIPHERSUITE) )
             mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "SSL - None of the common ciphersuites is usable (eg, no suitable certificate, see debug messages)" );
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_READ) )
-            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "SSL - Connection requires a read call" );
+            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "SSL - No data of requested type currently available on underlying transport" );
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_WRITE) )
             mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "SSL - Connection requires a write call" );
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_TIMEOUT) )
@@ -441,8 +491,10 @@
             mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "SSL - The alert message received indicates a non-fatal error" );
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_INVALID_VERIFY_HASH) )
             mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "SSL - Couldn't set the hash for verifying CertificateVerify" );
+        if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_CONTINUE_PROCESSING) )
+            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "SSL - Internal-only message signaling that further message-processing should be done" );
         if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_ASYNC_IN_PROGRESS) )
-            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "SSL - Asynchronous operation is not completed yet" );
+            mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "SSL - The asynchronous operation is not completed yet" );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_TLS_C */
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_X509_USE_C) || defined(MBEDTLS_X509_CREATE_C)
@@ -523,9 +575,16 @@
     if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_AES_INVALID_INPUT_LENGTH) )
         mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "AES - Invalid data input length" );
     if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_AES_FEATURE_UNAVAILABLE) )
-        mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "AES - Feature not available, e.g. unsupported AES key size" );
+        mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "AES - Feature not available. For example, an unsupported AES key size" );
+    if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_AES_HW_ACCEL_FAILED) )
+        mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "AES - AES hardware accelerator failed" );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_AES_C */
 
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_ARC4_C)
+    if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_ARC4_HW_ACCEL_FAILED) )
+        mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "ARC4 - ARC4 hardware accelerator failed" );
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_ARC4_C */
+
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_ASN1_PARSE_C)
     if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_ASN1_OUT_OF_DATA) )
         mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "ASN1 - Out of data when parsing an ASN1 data structure" );
@@ -572,6 +631,8 @@
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_BLOWFISH_C)
     if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_BLOWFISH_INVALID_KEY_LENGTH) )
         mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "BLOWFISH - Invalid key length" );
+    if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_BLOWFISH_HW_ACCEL_FAILED) )
+        mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "BLOWFISH - Blowfish hardware accelerator failed" );
     if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_BLOWFISH_INVALID_INPUT_LENGTH) )
         mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "BLOWFISH - Invalid data input length" );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_BLOWFISH_C */
@@ -581,29 +642,40 @@
         mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "CAMELLIA - Invalid key length" );
     if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_CAMELLIA_INVALID_INPUT_LENGTH) )
         mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "CAMELLIA - Invalid data input length" );
+    if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_CAMELLIA_HW_ACCEL_FAILED) )
+        mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "CAMELLIA - Camellia hardware accelerator failed" );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_CAMELLIA_C */
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_CCM_C)
     if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_CCM_BAD_INPUT) )
-        mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "CCM - Bad input parameters to function" );
+        mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "CCM - Bad input parameters to the function" );
     if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_CCM_AUTH_FAILED) )
         mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "CCM - Authenticated decryption failed" );
+    if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_CCM_HW_ACCEL_FAILED) )
+        mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "CCM - CCM hardware accelerator failed" );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_CCM_C */
 
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_CMAC_C)
+    if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_CMAC_HW_ACCEL_FAILED) )
+        mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "CMAC - CMAC hardware accelerator failed" );
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_CMAC_C */
+
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_C)
     if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_CTR_DRBG_ENTROPY_SOURCE_FAILED) )
         mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "CTR_DRBG - The entropy source failed" );
     if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_CTR_DRBG_REQUEST_TOO_BIG) )
-        mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "CTR_DRBG - Too many random requested in single call" );
+        mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "CTR_DRBG - The requested random buffer length is too big" );
     if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_CTR_DRBG_INPUT_TOO_BIG) )
-        mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "CTR_DRBG - Input too large (Entropy + additional)" );
+        mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "CTR_DRBG - The input (entropy + additional data) is too large" );
     if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_CTR_DRBG_FILE_IO_ERROR) )
-        mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "CTR_DRBG - Read/write error in file" );
+        mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "CTR_DRBG - Read or write error in file" );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_C */
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_DES_C)
     if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_DES_INVALID_INPUT_LENGTH) )
         mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "DES - The data input has an invalid length" );
+    if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_DES_HW_ACCEL_FAILED) )
+        mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "DES - DES hardware accelerator failed" );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_DES_C */
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_C)
@@ -622,6 +694,8 @@
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_GCM_C)
     if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_GCM_AUTH_FAILED) )
         mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "GCM - Authenticated decryption failed" );
+    if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_GCM_HW_ACCEL_FAILED) )
+        mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "GCM - GCM hardware accelerator failed" );
     if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_GCM_BAD_INPUT) )
         mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "GCM - Bad input parameters to function" );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_GCM_C */
@@ -637,6 +711,21 @@
         mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "HMAC_DRBG - The entropy source failed" );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_HMAC_DRBG_C */
 
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_MD2_C)
+    if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_MD2_HW_ACCEL_FAILED) )
+        mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "MD2 - MD2 hardware accelerator failed" );
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_MD2_C */
+
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_MD4_C)
+    if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_MD4_HW_ACCEL_FAILED) )
+        mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "MD4 - MD4 hardware accelerator failed" );
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_MD4_C */
+
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_MD5_C)
+    if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_MD5_HW_ACCEL_FAILED) )
+        mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "MD5 - MD5 hardware accelerator failed" );
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_MD5_C */
+
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_NET_C)
     if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_NET_SOCKET_FAILED) )
         mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "NET - Failed to open a socket" );
@@ -660,6 +749,10 @@
         mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "NET - Buffer is too small to hold the data" );
     if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_NET_INVALID_CONTEXT) )
         mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "NET - The context is invalid, eg because it was free()ed" );
+    if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_NET_POLL_FAILED) )
+        mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "NET - Polling the net context failed" );
+    if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_NET_BAD_INPUT_DATA) )
+        mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "NET - Input invalid" );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_NET_C */
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_OID_C)
@@ -674,6 +767,26 @@
         mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "PADLOCK - Input data should be aligned" );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_PADLOCK_C */
 
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_RIPEMD160_C)
+    if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_RIPEMD160_HW_ACCEL_FAILED) )
+        mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "RIPEMD160 - RIPEMD160 hardware accelerator failed" );
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_RIPEMD160_C */
+
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_SHA1_C)
+    if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_SHA1_HW_ACCEL_FAILED) )
+        mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "SHA1 - SHA-1 hardware accelerator failed" );
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_SHA1_C */
+
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_SHA256_C)
+    if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_SHA256_HW_ACCEL_FAILED) )
+        mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "SHA256 - SHA-256 hardware accelerator failed" );
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_SHA256_C */
+
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_SHA512_C)
+    if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_SHA512_HW_ACCEL_FAILED) )
+        mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "SHA512 - SHA-512 hardware accelerator failed" );
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_SHA512_C */
+
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_THREADING_C)
     if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_THREADING_FEATURE_UNAVAILABLE) )
         mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "THREADING - The selected feature is not available" );
@@ -686,6 +799,8 @@
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_XTEA_C)
     if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_XTEA_INVALID_INPUT_LENGTH) )
         mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "XTEA - The data input has an invalid length" );
+    if( use_ret == -(MBEDTLS_ERR_XTEA_HW_ACCEL_FAILED) )
+        mbedtls_snprintf( buf, buflen, "XTEA - XTEA hardware accelerator failed" );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_XTEA_C */
     // END generated code
 
diff --git a/library/hmac_drbg.c b/library/hmac_drbg.c
index bf5f9b5..24c609e 100644
--- a/library/hmac_drbg.c
+++ b/library/hmac_drbg.c
@@ -364,11 +364,14 @@
 
 exit:
     fclose( f );
+    mbedtls_zeroize( buf, sizeof( buf ) );
+
     return( ret );
 }
 
 int mbedtls_hmac_drbg_update_seed_file( mbedtls_hmac_drbg_context *ctx, const char *path )
 {
+    int ret = 0;
     FILE *f;
     size_t n;
     unsigned char buf[ MBEDTLS_HMAC_DRBG_MAX_INPUT ];
@@ -387,14 +390,16 @@
     }
 
     if( fread( buf, 1, n, f ) != n )
-    {
-        fclose( f );
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_HMAC_DRBG_FILE_IO_ERROR );
-    }
+        ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_HMAC_DRBG_FILE_IO_ERROR;
+    else
+        mbedtls_hmac_drbg_update( ctx, buf, n );
 
     fclose( f );
 
-    mbedtls_hmac_drbg_update( ctx, buf, n );
+    mbedtls_zeroize( buf, sizeof( buf ) );
+
+    if( ret != 0 )
+        return( ret );
 
     return( mbedtls_hmac_drbg_write_seed_file( ctx, path ) );
 }
diff --git a/library/md.c b/library/md.c
index eda98f6..00249af 100644
--- a/library/md.c
+++ b/library/md.c
@@ -250,9 +250,7 @@
     if( ctx == NULL || ctx->md_info == NULL )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
 
-    ctx->md_info->starts_func( ctx->md_ctx );
-
-    return( 0 );
+    return( ctx->md_info->starts_func( ctx->md_ctx ) );
 }
 
 int mbedtls_md_update( mbedtls_md_context_t *ctx, const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen )
@@ -260,9 +258,7 @@
     if( ctx == NULL || ctx->md_info == NULL )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
 
-    ctx->md_info->update_func( ctx->md_ctx, input, ilen );
-
-    return( 0 );
+    return( ctx->md_info->update_func( ctx->md_ctx, input, ilen ) );
 }
 
 int mbedtls_md_finish( mbedtls_md_context_t *ctx, unsigned char *output )
@@ -270,9 +266,7 @@
     if( ctx == NULL || ctx->md_info == NULL )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
 
-    ctx->md_info->finish_func( ctx->md_ctx, output );
-
-    return( 0 );
+    return( ctx->md_info->finish_func( ctx->md_ctx, output ) );
 }
 
 int mbedtls_md( const mbedtls_md_info_t *md_info, const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen,
@@ -281,9 +275,7 @@
     if( md_info == NULL )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
 
-    md_info->digest_func( input, ilen, output );
-
-    return( 0 );
+    return( md_info->digest_func( input, ilen, output ) );
 }
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_FS_IO)
@@ -306,20 +298,20 @@
     if( ( ret = mbedtls_md_setup( &ctx, md_info, 0 ) ) != 0 )
         goto cleanup;
 
-    md_info->starts_func( ctx.md_ctx );
+    if( ( ret = md_info->starts_func( ctx.md_ctx ) ) != 0 )
+        goto cleanup;
 
     while( ( n = fread( buf, 1, sizeof( buf ), f ) ) > 0 )
-        md_info->update_func( ctx.md_ctx, buf, n );
+        if( ( ret = md_info->update_func( ctx.md_ctx, buf, n ) ) != 0 )
+            goto cleanup;
 
     if( ferror( f ) != 0 )
-    {
         ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_FILE_IO_ERROR;
-        goto cleanup;
-    }
-
-    md_info->finish_func( ctx.md_ctx, output );
+    else
+        ret = md_info->finish_func( ctx.md_ctx, output );
 
 cleanup:
+    mbedtls_zeroize( buf, sizeof( buf ) );
     fclose( f );
     mbedtls_md_free( &ctx );
 
@@ -329,6 +321,7 @@
 
 int mbedtls_md_hmac_starts( mbedtls_md_context_t *ctx, const unsigned char *key, size_t keylen )
 {
+    int ret;
     unsigned char sum[MBEDTLS_MD_MAX_SIZE];
     unsigned char *ipad, *opad;
     size_t i;
@@ -338,9 +331,12 @@
 
     if( keylen > (size_t) ctx->md_info->block_size )
     {
-        ctx->md_info->starts_func( ctx->md_ctx );
-        ctx->md_info->update_func( ctx->md_ctx, key, keylen );
-        ctx->md_info->finish_func( ctx->md_ctx, sum );
+        if( ( ret = ctx->md_info->starts_func( ctx->md_ctx ) ) != 0 )
+            goto cleanup;
+        if( ( ret = ctx->md_info->update_func( ctx->md_ctx, key, keylen ) ) != 0 )
+            goto cleanup;
+        if( ( ret = ctx->md_info->finish_func( ctx->md_ctx, sum ) ) != 0 )
+            goto cleanup;
 
         keylen = ctx->md_info->size;
         key = sum;
@@ -358,12 +354,16 @@
         opad[i] = (unsigned char)( opad[i] ^ key[i] );
     }
 
+    if( ( ret = ctx->md_info->starts_func( ctx->md_ctx ) ) != 0 )
+        goto cleanup;
+    if( ( ret = ctx->md_info->update_func( ctx->md_ctx, ipad,
+                                           ctx->md_info->block_size ) ) != 0 )
+        goto cleanup;
+
+cleanup:
     mbedtls_zeroize( sum, sizeof( sum ) );
 
-    ctx->md_info->starts_func( ctx->md_ctx );
-    ctx->md_info->update_func( ctx->md_ctx, ipad, ctx->md_info->block_size );
-
-    return( 0 );
+    return( ret );
 }
 
 int mbedtls_md_hmac_update( mbedtls_md_context_t *ctx, const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen )
@@ -371,13 +371,12 @@
     if( ctx == NULL || ctx->md_info == NULL || ctx->hmac_ctx == NULL )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
 
-    ctx->md_info->update_func( ctx->md_ctx, input, ilen );
-
-    return( 0 );
+    return( ctx->md_info->update_func( ctx->md_ctx, input, ilen ) );
 }
 
 int mbedtls_md_hmac_finish( mbedtls_md_context_t *ctx, unsigned char *output )
 {
+    int ret;
     unsigned char tmp[MBEDTLS_MD_MAX_SIZE];
     unsigned char *opad;
 
@@ -386,17 +385,22 @@
 
     opad = (unsigned char *) ctx->hmac_ctx + ctx->md_info->block_size;
 
-    ctx->md_info->finish_func( ctx->md_ctx, tmp );
-    ctx->md_info->starts_func( ctx->md_ctx );
-    ctx->md_info->update_func( ctx->md_ctx, opad, ctx->md_info->block_size );
-    ctx->md_info->update_func( ctx->md_ctx, tmp, ctx->md_info->size );
-    ctx->md_info->finish_func( ctx->md_ctx, output );
-
-    return( 0 );
+    if( ( ret = ctx->md_info->finish_func( ctx->md_ctx, tmp ) ) != 0 )
+        return( ret );
+    if( ( ret = ctx->md_info->starts_func( ctx->md_ctx ) ) != 0 )
+        return( ret );
+    if( ( ret = ctx->md_info->update_func( ctx->md_ctx, opad,
+                                           ctx->md_info->block_size ) ) != 0 )
+        return( ret );
+    if( ( ret = ctx->md_info->update_func( ctx->md_ctx, tmp,
+                                           ctx->md_info->size ) ) != 0 )
+        return( ret );
+    return( ctx->md_info->finish_func( ctx->md_ctx, output ) );
 }
 
 int mbedtls_md_hmac_reset( mbedtls_md_context_t *ctx )
 {
+    int ret;
     unsigned char *ipad;
 
     if( ctx == NULL || ctx->md_info == NULL || ctx->hmac_ctx == NULL )
@@ -404,15 +408,16 @@
 
     ipad = (unsigned char *) ctx->hmac_ctx;
 
-    ctx->md_info->starts_func( ctx->md_ctx );
-    ctx->md_info->update_func( ctx->md_ctx, ipad, ctx->md_info->block_size );
-
-    return( 0 );
+    if( ( ret = ctx->md_info->starts_func( ctx->md_ctx ) ) != 0 )
+        return( ret );
+    return( ctx->md_info->update_func( ctx->md_ctx, ipad,
+                                       ctx->md_info->block_size ) );
 }
 
-int mbedtls_md_hmac( const mbedtls_md_info_t *md_info, const unsigned char *key, size_t keylen,
-                const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen,
-                unsigned char *output )
+int mbedtls_md_hmac( const mbedtls_md_info_t *md_info,
+                     const unsigned char *key, size_t keylen,
+                     const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen,
+                     unsigned char *output )
 {
     mbedtls_md_context_t ctx;
     int ret;
@@ -423,15 +428,19 @@
     mbedtls_md_init( &ctx );
 
     if( ( ret = mbedtls_md_setup( &ctx, md_info, 1 ) ) != 0 )
-        return( ret );
+        goto cleanup;
 
-    mbedtls_md_hmac_starts( &ctx, key, keylen );
-    mbedtls_md_hmac_update( &ctx, input, ilen );
-    mbedtls_md_hmac_finish( &ctx, output );
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md_hmac_starts( &ctx, key, keylen ) ) != 0 )
+        goto cleanup;
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md_hmac_update( &ctx, input, ilen ) ) != 0 )
+        goto cleanup;
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md_hmac_finish( &ctx, output ) ) != 0 )
+        goto cleanup;
 
+cleanup:
     mbedtls_md_free( &ctx );
 
-    return( 0 );
+    return( ret );
 }
 
 int mbedtls_md_process( mbedtls_md_context_t *ctx, const unsigned char *data )
@@ -439,9 +448,7 @@
     if( ctx == NULL || ctx->md_info == NULL )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_MD_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
 
-    ctx->md_info->process_func( ctx->md_ctx, data );
-
-    return( 0 );
+    return( ctx->md_info->process_func( ctx->md_ctx, data ) );
 }
 
 unsigned char mbedtls_md_get_size( const mbedtls_md_info_t *md_info )
diff --git a/library/md2.c b/library/md2.c
index 95cbcce..b88aa40 100644
--- a/library/md2.c
+++ b/library/md2.c
@@ -105,16 +105,25 @@
 /*
  * MD2 context setup
  */
-void mbedtls_md2_starts( mbedtls_md2_context *ctx )
+int mbedtls_md2_starts_ret( mbedtls_md2_context *ctx )
 {
     memset( ctx->cksum, 0, 16 );
     memset( ctx->state, 0, 46 );
     memset( ctx->buffer, 0, 16 );
     ctx->left = 0;
+
+    return( 0 );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_md2_starts( mbedtls_md2_context *ctx )
+{
+    mbedtls_md2_starts_ret( ctx );
+}
+#endif
+
 #if !defined(MBEDTLS_MD2_PROCESS_ALT)
-void mbedtls_md2_process( mbedtls_md2_context *ctx )
+int mbedtls_internal_md2_process( mbedtls_md2_context *ctx )
 {
     int i, j;
     unsigned char t = 0;
@@ -146,14 +155,26 @@
            ( ctx->cksum[i] ^ PI_SUBST[ctx->buffer[i] ^ t] );
         t  = ctx->cksum[i];
     }
+
+    return( 0 );
 }
+
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_md2_process( mbedtls_md2_context *ctx )
+{
+    mbedtls_internal_md2_process( ctx );
+}
+#endif
 #endif /* !MBEDTLS_MD2_PROCESS_ALT */
 
 /*
  * MD2 process buffer
  */
-void mbedtls_md2_update( mbedtls_md2_context *ctx, const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen )
+int mbedtls_md2_update_ret( mbedtls_md2_context *ctx,
+                            const unsigned char *input,
+                            size_t ilen )
 {
+    int ret;
     size_t fill;
 
     while( ilen > 0 )
@@ -172,16 +193,30 @@
         if( ctx->left == 16 )
         {
             ctx->left = 0;
-            mbedtls_md2_process( ctx );
+            if( ( ret = mbedtls_internal_md2_process( ctx ) ) != 0 )
+                return( ret );
         }
     }
+
+    return( 0 );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_md2_update( mbedtls_md2_context *ctx,
+                         const unsigned char *input,
+                         size_t ilen )
+{
+    mbedtls_md2_update_ret( ctx, input, ilen );
+}
+#endif
+
 /*
  * MD2 final digest
  */
-void mbedtls_md2_finish( mbedtls_md2_context *ctx, unsigned char output[16] )
+int mbedtls_md2_finish_ret( mbedtls_md2_context *ctx,
+                            unsigned char output[16] )
 {
+    int ret;
     size_t i;
     unsigned char x;
 
@@ -190,36 +225,70 @@
     for( i = ctx->left; i < 16; i++ )
         ctx->buffer[i] = x;
 
-    mbedtls_md2_process( ctx );
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_internal_md2_process( ctx ) ) != 0 )
+        return( ret );
 
     memcpy( ctx->buffer, ctx->cksum, 16 );
-    mbedtls_md2_process( ctx );
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_internal_md2_process( ctx ) ) != 0 )
+        return( ret );
 
     memcpy( output, ctx->state, 16 );
+
+    return( 0 );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_md2_finish( mbedtls_md2_context *ctx,
+                         unsigned char output[16] )
+{
+    mbedtls_md2_finish_ret( ctx, output );
+}
+#endif
+
 #endif /* !MBEDTLS_MD2_ALT */
 
 /*
  * output = MD2( input buffer )
  */
-void mbedtls_md2( const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen, unsigned char output[16] )
+int mbedtls_md2_ret( const unsigned char *input,
+                     size_t ilen,
+                     unsigned char output[16] )
 {
+    int ret;
     mbedtls_md2_context ctx;
 
     mbedtls_md2_init( &ctx );
-    mbedtls_md2_starts( &ctx );
-    mbedtls_md2_update( &ctx, input, ilen );
-    mbedtls_md2_finish( &ctx, output );
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md2_starts_ret( &ctx ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md2_update_ret( &ctx, input, ilen ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md2_finish_ret( &ctx, output ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+
+exit:
     mbedtls_md2_free( &ctx );
+
+    return( ret );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_md2( const unsigned char *input,
+                  size_t ilen,
+                  unsigned char output[16] )
+{
+    mbedtls_md2_ret( input, ilen, output );
+}
+#endif
+
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SELF_TEST)
 
 /*
  * RFC 1319 test vectors
  */
-static const char md2_test_str[7][81] =
+static const unsigned char md2_test_str[7][81] =
 {
     { "" },
     { "a" },
@@ -227,10 +296,15 @@
     { "message digest" },
     { "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" },
     { "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789" },
-    { "12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012" \
+    { "12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012"
       "345678901234567890" }
 };
 
+static const size_t md2_test_strlen[7] =
+{
+    0, 1, 3, 14, 26, 62, 80
+};
+
 static const unsigned char md2_test_sum[7][16] =
 {
     { 0x83, 0x50, 0xE5, 0xA3, 0xE2, 0x4C, 0x15, 0x3D,
@@ -254,7 +328,7 @@
  */
 int mbedtls_md2_self_test( int verbose )
 {
-    int i;
+    int i, ret = 0;
     unsigned char md2sum[16];
 
     for( i = 0; i < 7; i++ )
@@ -262,15 +336,14 @@
         if( verbose != 0 )
             mbedtls_printf( "  MD2 test #%d: ", i + 1 );
 
-        mbedtls_md2( (unsigned char *) md2_test_str[i],
-             strlen( md2_test_str[i] ), md2sum );
+        ret = mbedtls_md2_ret( md2_test_str[i], md2_test_strlen[i], md2sum );
+        if( ret != 0 )
+            goto fail;
 
         if( memcmp( md2sum, md2_test_sum[i], 16 ) != 0 )
         {
-            if( verbose != 0 )
-                mbedtls_printf( "failed\n" );
-
-            return( 1 );
+            ret = 1;
+            goto fail;
         }
 
         if( verbose != 0 )
@@ -281,6 +354,12 @@
         mbedtls_printf( "\n" );
 
     return( 0 );
+
+fail:
+    if( verbose != 0 )
+        mbedtls_printf( "failed\n" );
+
+    return( ret );
 }
 
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SELF_TEST */
diff --git a/library/md4.c b/library/md4.c
index 11a77e3..ba704f5 100644
--- a/library/md4.c
+++ b/library/md4.c
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@
 /*
  * MD4 context setup
  */
-void mbedtls_md4_starts( mbedtls_md4_context *ctx )
+int mbedtls_md4_starts_ret( mbedtls_md4_context *ctx )
 {
     ctx->total[0] = 0;
     ctx->total[1] = 0;
@@ -107,10 +107,20 @@
     ctx->state[1] = 0xEFCDAB89;
     ctx->state[2] = 0x98BADCFE;
     ctx->state[3] = 0x10325476;
+
+    return( 0 );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_md4_starts( mbedtls_md4_context *ctx )
+{
+    mbedtls_md4_starts_ret( ctx );
+}
+#endif
+
 #if !defined(MBEDTLS_MD4_PROCESS_ALT)
-void mbedtls_md4_process( mbedtls_md4_context *ctx, const unsigned char data[64] )
+int mbedtls_internal_md4_process( mbedtls_md4_context *ctx,
+                                  const unsigned char data[64] )
 {
     uint32_t X[16], A, B, C, D;
 
@@ -211,19 +221,32 @@
     ctx->state[1] += B;
     ctx->state[2] += C;
     ctx->state[3] += D;
+
+    return( 0 );
 }
+
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_md4_process( mbedtls_md4_context *ctx,
+                          const unsigned char data[64] )
+{
+    mbedtls_internal_md4_process( ctx, data );
+}
+#endif
 #endif /* !MBEDTLS_MD4_PROCESS_ALT */
 
 /*
  * MD4 process buffer
  */
-void mbedtls_md4_update( mbedtls_md4_context *ctx, const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen )
+int mbedtls_md4_update_ret( mbedtls_md4_context *ctx,
+                            const unsigned char *input,
+                            size_t ilen )
 {
+    int ret;
     size_t fill;
     uint32_t left;
 
     if( ilen == 0 )
-        return;
+        return( 0 );
 
     left = ctx->total[0] & 0x3F;
     fill = 64 - left;
@@ -238,7 +261,10 @@
     {
         memcpy( (void *) (ctx->buffer + left),
                 (void *) input, fill );
-        mbedtls_md4_process( ctx, ctx->buffer );
+
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_internal_md4_process( ctx, ctx->buffer ) ) != 0 )
+            return( ret );
+
         input += fill;
         ilen  -= fill;
         left = 0;
@@ -246,7 +272,9 @@
 
     while( ilen >= 64 )
     {
-        mbedtls_md4_process( ctx, input );
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_internal_md4_process( ctx, input ) ) != 0 )
+            return( ret );
+
         input += 64;
         ilen  -= 64;
     }
@@ -256,8 +284,19 @@
         memcpy( (void *) (ctx->buffer + left),
                 (void *) input, ilen );
     }
+
+    return( 0 );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_md4_update( mbedtls_md4_context *ctx,
+                         const unsigned char *input,
+                         size_t ilen )
+{
+    mbedtls_md4_update_ret( ctx, input, ilen );
+}
+#endif
+
 static const unsigned char md4_padding[64] =
 {
  0x80, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
@@ -269,8 +308,10 @@
 /*
  * MD4 final digest
  */
-void mbedtls_md4_finish( mbedtls_md4_context *ctx, unsigned char output[16] )
+int mbedtls_md4_finish_ret( mbedtls_md4_context *ctx,
+                            unsigned char output[16] )
 {
+    int ret;
     uint32_t last, padn;
     uint32_t high, low;
     unsigned char msglen[8];
@@ -285,37 +326,74 @@
     last = ctx->total[0] & 0x3F;
     padn = ( last < 56 ) ? ( 56 - last ) : ( 120 - last );
 
-    mbedtls_md4_update( ctx, (unsigned char *) md4_padding, padn );
-    mbedtls_md4_update( ctx, msglen, 8 );
+    ret = mbedtls_md4_update_ret( ctx, (unsigned char *)md4_padding, padn );
+    if( ret != 0 )
+        return( ret );
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md4_update_ret( ctx, msglen, 8 ) ) != 0 )
+        return( ret );
+
 
     PUT_UINT32_LE( ctx->state[0], output,  0 );
     PUT_UINT32_LE( ctx->state[1], output,  4 );
     PUT_UINT32_LE( ctx->state[2], output,  8 );
     PUT_UINT32_LE( ctx->state[3], output, 12 );
+
+    return( 0 );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_md4_finish( mbedtls_md4_context *ctx,
+                         unsigned char output[16] )
+{
+    mbedtls_md4_finish_ret( ctx, output );
+}
+#endif
+
 #endif /* !MBEDTLS_MD4_ALT */
 
 /*
  * output = MD4( input buffer )
  */
-void mbedtls_md4( const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen, unsigned char output[16] )
+int mbedtls_md4_ret( const unsigned char *input,
+                     size_t ilen,
+                     unsigned char output[16] )
 {
+    int ret;
     mbedtls_md4_context ctx;
 
     mbedtls_md4_init( &ctx );
-    mbedtls_md4_starts( &ctx );
-    mbedtls_md4_update( &ctx, input, ilen );
-    mbedtls_md4_finish( &ctx, output );
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md4_starts_ret( &ctx ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md4_update_ret( &ctx, input, ilen ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md4_finish_ret( &ctx, output ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+
+exit:
     mbedtls_md4_free( &ctx );
+
+    return( ret );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_md4( const unsigned char *input,
+                  size_t ilen,
+                  unsigned char output[16] )
+{
+    mbedtls_md4_ret( input, ilen, output );
+}
+#endif
+
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SELF_TEST)
 
 /*
  * RFC 1320 test vectors
  */
-static const char md4_test_str[7][81] =
+static const unsigned char md4_test_str[7][81] =
 {
     { "" },
     { "a" },
@@ -323,10 +401,15 @@
     { "message digest" },
     { "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" },
     { "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789" },
-    { "12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012" \
+    { "12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012"
       "345678901234567890" }
 };
 
+static const size_t md4_test_strlen[7] =
+{
+    0, 1, 3, 14, 26, 62, 80
+};
+
 static const unsigned char md4_test_sum[7][16] =
 {
     { 0x31, 0xD6, 0xCF, 0xE0, 0xD1, 0x6A, 0xE9, 0x31,
@@ -350,7 +433,7 @@
  */
 int mbedtls_md4_self_test( int verbose )
 {
-    int i;
+    int i, ret = 0;
     unsigned char md4sum[16];
 
     for( i = 0; i < 7; i++ )
@@ -358,15 +441,14 @@
         if( verbose != 0 )
             mbedtls_printf( "  MD4 test #%d: ", i + 1 );
 
-        mbedtls_md4( (unsigned char *) md4_test_str[i],
-             strlen( md4_test_str[i] ), md4sum );
+        ret = mbedtls_md4_ret( md4_test_str[i], md4_test_strlen[i], md4sum );
+        if( ret != 0 )
+            goto fail;
 
         if( memcmp( md4sum, md4_test_sum[i], 16 ) != 0 )
         {
-            if( verbose != 0 )
-                mbedtls_printf( "failed\n" );
-
-            return( 1 );
+            ret = 1;
+            goto fail;
         }
 
         if( verbose != 0 )
@@ -377,6 +459,12 @@
         mbedtls_printf( "\n" );
 
     return( 0 );
+
+fail:
+    if( verbose != 0 )
+        mbedtls_printf( "failed\n" );
+
+    return( ret );
 }
 
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SELF_TEST */
diff --git a/library/md5.c b/library/md5.c
index 5d972dc..8440ebf 100644
--- a/library/md5.c
+++ b/library/md5.c
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@
 /*
  * MD5 context setup
  */
-void mbedtls_md5_starts( mbedtls_md5_context *ctx )
+int mbedtls_md5_starts_ret( mbedtls_md5_context *ctx )
 {
     ctx->total[0] = 0;
     ctx->total[1] = 0;
@@ -106,10 +106,20 @@
     ctx->state[1] = 0xEFCDAB89;
     ctx->state[2] = 0x98BADCFE;
     ctx->state[3] = 0x10325476;
+
+    return( 0 );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_md5_starts( mbedtls_md5_context *ctx )
+{
+    mbedtls_md5_starts_ret( ctx );
+}
+#endif
+
 #if !defined(MBEDTLS_MD5_PROCESS_ALT)
-void mbedtls_md5_process( mbedtls_md5_context *ctx, const unsigned char data[64] )
+int mbedtls_internal_md5_process( mbedtls_md5_context *ctx,
+                                  const unsigned char data[64] )
 {
     uint32_t X[16], A, B, C, D;
 
@@ -230,19 +240,32 @@
     ctx->state[1] += B;
     ctx->state[2] += C;
     ctx->state[3] += D;
+
+    return( 0 );
 }
+
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_md5_process( mbedtls_md5_context *ctx,
+                          const unsigned char data[64] )
+{
+    mbedtls_internal_md5_process( ctx, data );
+}
+#endif
 #endif /* !MBEDTLS_MD5_PROCESS_ALT */
 
 /*
  * MD5 process buffer
  */
-void mbedtls_md5_update( mbedtls_md5_context *ctx, const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen )
+int mbedtls_md5_update_ret( mbedtls_md5_context *ctx,
+                            const unsigned char *input,
+                            size_t ilen )
 {
+    int ret;
     size_t fill;
     uint32_t left;
 
     if( ilen == 0 )
-        return;
+        return( 0 );
 
     left = ctx->total[0] & 0x3F;
     fill = 64 - left;
@@ -256,7 +279,9 @@
     if( left && ilen >= fill )
     {
         memcpy( (void *) (ctx->buffer + left), input, fill );
-        mbedtls_md5_process( ctx, ctx->buffer );
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_internal_md5_process( ctx, ctx->buffer ) ) != 0 )
+            return( ret );
+
         input += fill;
         ilen  -= fill;
         left = 0;
@@ -264,7 +289,9 @@
 
     while( ilen >= 64 )
     {
-        mbedtls_md5_process( ctx, input );
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_internal_md5_process( ctx, input ) ) != 0 )
+            return( ret );
+
         input += 64;
         ilen  -= 64;
     }
@@ -273,8 +300,19 @@
     {
         memcpy( (void *) (ctx->buffer + left), input, ilen );
     }
+
+    return( 0 );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_md5_update( mbedtls_md5_context *ctx,
+                         const unsigned char *input,
+                         size_t ilen )
+{
+    mbedtls_md5_update_ret( ctx, input, ilen );
+}
+#endif
+
 static const unsigned char md5_padding[64] =
 {
  0x80, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
@@ -286,8 +324,10 @@
 /*
  * MD5 final digest
  */
-void mbedtls_md5_finish( mbedtls_md5_context *ctx, unsigned char output[16] )
+int mbedtls_md5_finish_ret( mbedtls_md5_context *ctx,
+                            unsigned char output[16] )
 {
+    int ret;
     uint32_t last, padn;
     uint32_t high, low;
     unsigned char msglen[8];
@@ -302,31 +342,66 @@
     last = ctx->total[0] & 0x3F;
     padn = ( last < 56 ) ? ( 56 - last ) : ( 120 - last );
 
-    mbedtls_md5_update( ctx, md5_padding, padn );
-    mbedtls_md5_update( ctx, msglen, 8 );
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md5_update_ret( ctx, md5_padding, padn ) ) != 0 )
+            return( ret );
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md5_update_ret( ctx, msglen, 8 ) ) != 0 )
+            return( ret );
 
     PUT_UINT32_LE( ctx->state[0], output,  0 );
     PUT_UINT32_LE( ctx->state[1], output,  4 );
     PUT_UINT32_LE( ctx->state[2], output,  8 );
     PUT_UINT32_LE( ctx->state[3], output, 12 );
+
+    return( 0 );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_md5_finish( mbedtls_md5_context *ctx,
+                         unsigned char output[16] )
+{
+    mbedtls_md5_finish_ret( ctx, output );
+}
+#endif
+
 #endif /* !MBEDTLS_MD5_ALT */
 
 /*
  * output = MD5( input buffer )
  */
-void mbedtls_md5( const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen, unsigned char output[16] )
+int mbedtls_md5_ret( const unsigned char *input,
+                     size_t ilen,
+                     unsigned char output[16] )
 {
+    int ret;
     mbedtls_md5_context ctx;
 
     mbedtls_md5_init( &ctx );
-    mbedtls_md5_starts( &ctx );
-    mbedtls_md5_update( &ctx, input, ilen );
-    mbedtls_md5_finish( &ctx, output );
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md5_starts_ret( &ctx ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md5_update_ret( &ctx, input, ilen ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md5_finish_ret( &ctx, output ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+
+exit:
     mbedtls_md5_free( &ctx );
+
+    return( ret );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_md5( const unsigned char *input,
+                  size_t ilen,
+                  unsigned char output[16] )
+{
+    mbedtls_md5_ret( input, ilen, output );
+}
+#endif
+
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SELF_TEST)
 /*
  * RFC 1321 test vectors
@@ -339,11 +414,11 @@
     { "message digest" },
     { "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" },
     { "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789" },
-    { "12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012" \
+    { "12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012"
       "345678901234567890" }
 };
 
-static const int md5_test_buflen[7] =
+static const size_t md5_test_buflen[7] =
 {
     0, 1, 3, 14, 26, 62, 80
 };
@@ -371,7 +446,7 @@
  */
 int mbedtls_md5_self_test( int verbose )
 {
-    int i;
+    int i, ret = 0;
     unsigned char md5sum[16];
 
     for( i = 0; i < 7; i++ )
@@ -379,14 +454,14 @@
         if( verbose != 0 )
             mbedtls_printf( "  MD5 test #%d: ", i + 1 );
 
-        mbedtls_md5( md5_test_buf[i], md5_test_buflen[i], md5sum );
+        ret = mbedtls_md5_ret( md5_test_buf[i], md5_test_buflen[i], md5sum );
+        if( ret != 0 )
+            goto fail;
 
         if( memcmp( md5sum, md5_test_sum[i], 16 ) != 0 )
         {
-            if( verbose != 0 )
-                mbedtls_printf( "failed\n" );
-
-            return( 1 );
+            ret = 1;
+            goto fail;
         }
 
         if( verbose != 0 )
@@ -397,6 +472,12 @@
         mbedtls_printf( "\n" );
 
     return( 0 );
+
+fail:
+    if( verbose != 0 )
+        mbedtls_printf( "failed\n" );
+
+    return( ret );
 }
 
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SELF_TEST */
diff --git a/library/md_wrap.c b/library/md_wrap.c
index 2cfcae2..32f0871 100644
--- a/library/md_wrap.c
+++ b/library/md_wrap.c
@@ -71,20 +71,20 @@
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_MD2_C)
 
-static void md2_starts_wrap( void *ctx )
+static int md2_starts_wrap( void *ctx )
 {
-    mbedtls_md2_starts( (mbedtls_md2_context *) ctx );
+    return( mbedtls_md2_starts_ret( (mbedtls_md2_context *) ctx ) );
 }
 
-static void md2_update_wrap( void *ctx, const unsigned char *input,
+static int md2_update_wrap( void *ctx, const unsigned char *input,
                              size_t ilen )
 {
-    mbedtls_md2_update( (mbedtls_md2_context *) ctx, input, ilen );
+    return( mbedtls_md2_update_ret( (mbedtls_md2_context *) ctx, input, ilen ) );
 }
 
-static void md2_finish_wrap( void *ctx, unsigned char *output )
+static int md2_finish_wrap( void *ctx, unsigned char *output )
 {
-    mbedtls_md2_finish( (mbedtls_md2_context *) ctx, output );
+    return( mbedtls_md2_finish_ret( (mbedtls_md2_context *) ctx, output ) );
 }
 
 static void *md2_ctx_alloc( void )
@@ -109,11 +109,11 @@
                  (const mbedtls_md2_context *) src );
 }
 
-static void md2_process_wrap( void *ctx, const unsigned char *data )
+static int md2_process_wrap( void *ctx, const unsigned char *data )
 {
     ((void) data);
 
-    mbedtls_md2_process( (mbedtls_md2_context *) ctx );
+    return( mbedtls_internal_md2_process( (mbedtls_md2_context *) ctx ) );
 }
 
 const mbedtls_md_info_t mbedtls_md2_info = {
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@
     md2_starts_wrap,
     md2_update_wrap,
     md2_finish_wrap,
-    mbedtls_md2,
+    mbedtls_md2_ret,
     md2_ctx_alloc,
     md2_ctx_free,
     md2_clone_wrap,
@@ -135,20 +135,20 @@
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_MD4_C)
 
-static void md4_starts_wrap( void *ctx )
+static int md4_starts_wrap( void *ctx )
 {
-    mbedtls_md4_starts( (mbedtls_md4_context *) ctx );
+    return( mbedtls_md4_starts_ret( (mbedtls_md4_context *) ctx ) );
 }
 
-static void md4_update_wrap( void *ctx, const unsigned char *input,
+static int md4_update_wrap( void *ctx, const unsigned char *input,
                              size_t ilen )
 {
-    mbedtls_md4_update( (mbedtls_md4_context *) ctx, input, ilen );
+    return( mbedtls_md4_update_ret( (mbedtls_md4_context *) ctx, input, ilen ) );
 }
 
-static void md4_finish_wrap( void *ctx, unsigned char *output )
+static int md4_finish_wrap( void *ctx, unsigned char *output )
 {
-    mbedtls_md4_finish( (mbedtls_md4_context *) ctx, output );
+    return( mbedtls_md4_finish_ret( (mbedtls_md4_context *) ctx, output ) );
 }
 
 static void *md4_ctx_alloc( void )
@@ -170,12 +170,12 @@
 static void md4_clone_wrap( void *dst, const void *src )
 {
     mbedtls_md4_clone( (mbedtls_md4_context *) dst,
-                 (const mbedtls_md4_context *) src );
+                       (const mbedtls_md4_context *) src );
 }
 
-static void md4_process_wrap( void *ctx, const unsigned char *data )
+static int md4_process_wrap( void *ctx, const unsigned char *data )
 {
-    mbedtls_md4_process( (mbedtls_md4_context *) ctx, data );
+    return( mbedtls_internal_md4_process( (mbedtls_md4_context *) ctx, data ) );
 }
 
 const mbedtls_md_info_t mbedtls_md4_info = {
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@
     md4_starts_wrap,
     md4_update_wrap,
     md4_finish_wrap,
-    mbedtls_md4,
+    mbedtls_md4_ret,
     md4_ctx_alloc,
     md4_ctx_free,
     md4_clone_wrap,
@@ -197,20 +197,20 @@
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_MD5_C)
 
-static void md5_starts_wrap( void *ctx )
+static int md5_starts_wrap( void *ctx )
 {
-    mbedtls_md5_starts( (mbedtls_md5_context *) ctx );
+    return( mbedtls_md5_starts_ret( (mbedtls_md5_context *) ctx ) );
 }
 
-static void md5_update_wrap( void *ctx, const unsigned char *input,
+static int md5_update_wrap( void *ctx, const unsigned char *input,
                              size_t ilen )
 {
-    mbedtls_md5_update( (mbedtls_md5_context *) ctx, input, ilen );
+    return( mbedtls_md5_update_ret( (mbedtls_md5_context *) ctx, input, ilen ) );
 }
 
-static void md5_finish_wrap( void *ctx, unsigned char *output )
+static int md5_finish_wrap( void *ctx, unsigned char *output )
 {
-    mbedtls_md5_finish( (mbedtls_md5_context *) ctx, output );
+    return( mbedtls_md5_finish_ret( (mbedtls_md5_context *) ctx, output ) );
 }
 
 static void *md5_ctx_alloc( void )
@@ -232,12 +232,12 @@
 static void md5_clone_wrap( void *dst, const void *src )
 {
     mbedtls_md5_clone( (mbedtls_md5_context *) dst,
-                 (const mbedtls_md5_context *) src );
+                       (const mbedtls_md5_context *) src );
 }
 
-static void md5_process_wrap( void *ctx, const unsigned char *data )
+static int md5_process_wrap( void *ctx, const unsigned char *data )
 {
-    mbedtls_md5_process( (mbedtls_md5_context *) ctx, data );
+    return( mbedtls_internal_md5_process( (mbedtls_md5_context *) ctx, data ) );
 }
 
 const mbedtls_md_info_t mbedtls_md5_info = {
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@
     md5_starts_wrap,
     md5_update_wrap,
     md5_finish_wrap,
-    mbedtls_md5,
+    mbedtls_md5_ret,
     md5_ctx_alloc,
     md5_ctx_free,
     md5_clone_wrap,
@@ -259,20 +259,22 @@
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_RIPEMD160_C)
 
-static void ripemd160_starts_wrap( void *ctx )
+static int ripemd160_starts_wrap( void *ctx )
 {
-    mbedtls_ripemd160_starts( (mbedtls_ripemd160_context *) ctx );
+    return( mbedtls_ripemd160_starts_ret( (mbedtls_ripemd160_context *) ctx ) );
 }
 
-static void ripemd160_update_wrap( void *ctx, const unsigned char *input,
+static int ripemd160_update_wrap( void *ctx, const unsigned char *input,
                                    size_t ilen )
 {
-    mbedtls_ripemd160_update( (mbedtls_ripemd160_context *) ctx, input, ilen );
+    return( mbedtls_ripemd160_update_ret( (mbedtls_ripemd160_context *) ctx,
+                                          input, ilen ) );
 }
 
-static void ripemd160_finish_wrap( void *ctx, unsigned char *output )
+static int ripemd160_finish_wrap( void *ctx, unsigned char *output )
 {
-    mbedtls_ripemd160_finish( (mbedtls_ripemd160_context *) ctx, output );
+    return( mbedtls_ripemd160_finish_ret( (mbedtls_ripemd160_context *) ctx,
+                                          output ) );
 }
 
 static void *ripemd160_ctx_alloc( void )
@@ -297,9 +299,10 @@
                        (const mbedtls_ripemd160_context *) src );
 }
 
-static void ripemd160_process_wrap( void *ctx, const unsigned char *data )
+static int ripemd160_process_wrap( void *ctx, const unsigned char *data )
 {
-    mbedtls_ripemd160_process( (mbedtls_ripemd160_context *) ctx, data );
+    return( mbedtls_internal_ripemd160_process(
+                                (mbedtls_ripemd160_context *) ctx, data ) );
 }
 
 const mbedtls_md_info_t mbedtls_ripemd160_info = {
@@ -310,7 +313,7 @@
     ripemd160_starts_wrap,
     ripemd160_update_wrap,
     ripemd160_finish_wrap,
-    mbedtls_ripemd160,
+    mbedtls_ripemd160_ret,
     ripemd160_ctx_alloc,
     ripemd160_ctx_free,
     ripemd160_clone_wrap,
@@ -321,20 +324,21 @@
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SHA1_C)
 
-static void sha1_starts_wrap( void *ctx )
+static int sha1_starts_wrap( void *ctx )
 {
-    mbedtls_sha1_starts( (mbedtls_sha1_context *) ctx );
+    return( mbedtls_sha1_starts_ret( (mbedtls_sha1_context *) ctx ) );
 }
 
-static void sha1_update_wrap( void *ctx, const unsigned char *input,
+static int sha1_update_wrap( void *ctx, const unsigned char *input,
                               size_t ilen )
 {
-    mbedtls_sha1_update( (mbedtls_sha1_context *) ctx, input, ilen );
+    return( mbedtls_sha1_update_ret( (mbedtls_sha1_context *) ctx,
+                                     input, ilen ) );
 }
 
-static void sha1_finish_wrap( void *ctx, unsigned char *output )
+static int sha1_finish_wrap( void *ctx, unsigned char *output )
 {
-    mbedtls_sha1_finish( (mbedtls_sha1_context *) ctx, output );
+    return( mbedtls_sha1_finish_ret( (mbedtls_sha1_context *) ctx, output ) );
 }
 
 static void *sha1_ctx_alloc( void )
@@ -359,9 +363,10 @@
     mbedtls_free( ctx );
 }
 
-static void sha1_process_wrap( void *ctx, const unsigned char *data )
+static int sha1_process_wrap( void *ctx, const unsigned char *data )
 {
-    mbedtls_sha1_process( (mbedtls_sha1_context *) ctx, data );
+    return( mbedtls_internal_sha1_process( (mbedtls_sha1_context *) ctx,
+                                           data ) );
 }
 
 const mbedtls_md_info_t mbedtls_sha1_info = {
@@ -372,7 +377,7 @@
     sha1_starts_wrap,
     sha1_update_wrap,
     sha1_finish_wrap,
-    mbedtls_sha1,
+    mbedtls_sha1_ret,
     sha1_ctx_alloc,
     sha1_ctx_free,
     sha1_clone_wrap,
@@ -386,26 +391,28 @@
  */
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SHA256_C)
 
-static void sha224_starts_wrap( void *ctx )
+static int sha224_starts_wrap( void *ctx )
 {
-    mbedtls_sha256_starts( (mbedtls_sha256_context *) ctx, 1 );
+    return( mbedtls_sha256_starts_ret( (mbedtls_sha256_context *) ctx, 1 ) );
 }
 
-static void sha224_update_wrap( void *ctx, const unsigned char *input,
+static int sha224_update_wrap( void *ctx, const unsigned char *input,
                                 size_t ilen )
 {
-    mbedtls_sha256_update( (mbedtls_sha256_context *) ctx, input, ilen );
+    return( mbedtls_sha256_update_ret( (mbedtls_sha256_context *) ctx,
+                                       input, ilen ) );
 }
 
-static void sha224_finish_wrap( void *ctx, unsigned char *output )
+static int sha224_finish_wrap( void *ctx, unsigned char *output )
 {
-    mbedtls_sha256_finish( (mbedtls_sha256_context *) ctx, output );
+    return( mbedtls_sha256_finish_ret( (mbedtls_sha256_context *) ctx,
+                                       output ) );
 }
 
-static void sha224_wrap( const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen,
-                    unsigned char *output )
+static int sha224_wrap( const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen,
+                        unsigned char *output )
 {
-    mbedtls_sha256( input, ilen, output, 1 );
+    return( mbedtls_sha256_ret( input, ilen, output, 1 ) );
 }
 
 static void *sha224_ctx_alloc( void )
@@ -430,9 +437,10 @@
                     (const mbedtls_sha256_context *) src );
 }
 
-static void sha224_process_wrap( void *ctx, const unsigned char *data )
+static int sha224_process_wrap( void *ctx, const unsigned char *data )
 {
-    mbedtls_sha256_process( (mbedtls_sha256_context *) ctx, data );
+    return( mbedtls_internal_sha256_process( (mbedtls_sha256_context *) ctx,
+                                             data ) );
 }
 
 const mbedtls_md_info_t mbedtls_sha224_info = {
@@ -450,15 +458,15 @@
     sha224_process_wrap,
 };
 
-static void sha256_starts_wrap( void *ctx )
+static int sha256_starts_wrap( void *ctx )
 {
-    mbedtls_sha256_starts( (mbedtls_sha256_context *) ctx, 0 );
+    return( mbedtls_sha256_starts_ret( (mbedtls_sha256_context *) ctx, 0 ) );
 }
 
-static void sha256_wrap( const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen,
-                    unsigned char *output )
+static int sha256_wrap( const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen,
+                        unsigned char *output )
 {
-    mbedtls_sha256( input, ilen, output, 0 );
+    return( mbedtls_sha256_ret( input, ilen, output, 0 ) );
 }
 
 const mbedtls_md_info_t mbedtls_sha256_info = {
@@ -480,26 +488,28 @@
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SHA512_C)
 
-static void sha384_starts_wrap( void *ctx )
+static int sha384_starts_wrap( void *ctx )
 {
-    mbedtls_sha512_starts( (mbedtls_sha512_context *) ctx, 1 );
+    return( mbedtls_sha512_starts_ret( (mbedtls_sha512_context *) ctx, 1 ) );
 }
 
-static void sha384_update_wrap( void *ctx, const unsigned char *input,
-                                size_t ilen )
+static int sha384_update_wrap( void *ctx, const unsigned char *input,
+                               size_t ilen )
 {
-    mbedtls_sha512_update( (mbedtls_sha512_context *) ctx, input, ilen );
+    return( mbedtls_sha512_update_ret( (mbedtls_sha512_context *) ctx,
+                                       input, ilen ) );
 }
 
-static void sha384_finish_wrap( void *ctx, unsigned char *output )
+static int sha384_finish_wrap( void *ctx, unsigned char *output )
 {
-    mbedtls_sha512_finish( (mbedtls_sha512_context *) ctx, output );
+    return( mbedtls_sha512_finish_ret( (mbedtls_sha512_context *) ctx,
+                                       output ) );
 }
 
-static void sha384_wrap( const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen,
-                    unsigned char *output )
+static int sha384_wrap( const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen,
+                        unsigned char *output )
 {
-    mbedtls_sha512( input, ilen, output, 1 );
+    return( mbedtls_sha512_ret( input, ilen, output, 1 ) );
 }
 
 static void *sha384_ctx_alloc( void )
@@ -524,9 +534,10 @@
                     (const mbedtls_sha512_context *) src );
 }
 
-static void sha384_process_wrap( void *ctx, const unsigned char *data )
+static int sha384_process_wrap( void *ctx, const unsigned char *data )
 {
-    mbedtls_sha512_process( (mbedtls_sha512_context *) ctx, data );
+    return( mbedtls_internal_sha512_process( (mbedtls_sha512_context *) ctx,
+                                             data ) );
 }
 
 const mbedtls_md_info_t mbedtls_sha384_info = {
@@ -544,15 +555,15 @@
     sha384_process_wrap,
 };
 
-static void sha512_starts_wrap( void *ctx )
+static int sha512_starts_wrap( void *ctx )
 {
-    mbedtls_sha512_starts( (mbedtls_sha512_context *) ctx, 0 );
+    return( mbedtls_sha512_starts_ret( (mbedtls_sha512_context *) ctx, 0 ) );
 }
 
-static void sha512_wrap( const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen,
-                    unsigned char *output )
+static int sha512_wrap( const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen,
+                        unsigned char *output )
 {
-    mbedtls_sha512( input, ilen, output, 0 );
+    return( mbedtls_sha512_ret( input, ilen, output, 0 ) );
 }
 
 const mbedtls_md_info_t mbedtls_sha512_info = {
diff --git a/library/memory_buffer_alloc.c b/library/memory_buffer_alloc.c
index 545d5a2..821ae2c 100644
--- a/library/memory_buffer_alloc.c
+++ b/library/memory_buffer_alloc.c
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@
 #endif
 }
 
-static void debug_chain()
+static void debug_chain( void )
 {
     memory_header *cur = heap.first;
 
@@ -180,11 +180,11 @@
     return( 0 );
 }
 
-static int verify_chain()
+static int verify_chain( void )
 {
-    memory_header *prv = heap.first, *cur = heap.first->next;
+    memory_header *prv = heap.first, *cur;
 
-    if( verify_header( heap.first ) != 0 )
+    if( prv == NULL || verify_header( prv ) != 0 )
     {
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_MEMORY_DEBUG)
         mbedtls_fprintf( stderr, "FATAL: verification of first header "
@@ -202,6 +202,8 @@
         return( 1 );
     }
 
+    cur = heap.first->next;
+
     while( cur != NULL )
     {
         if( verify_header( cur ) != 0 )
@@ -245,7 +247,9 @@
 
     original_len = len = n * size;
 
-    if( n != 0 && len / n != size )
+    if( n == 0 || size == 0 || len / n != size )
+        return( NULL );
+    else if( len > (size_t)-MBEDTLS_MEMORY_ALIGN_MULTIPLE )
         return( NULL );
 
     if( len % MBEDTLS_MEMORY_ALIGN_MULTIPLE )
@@ -386,7 +390,7 @@
     if( ptr == NULL || heap.buf == NULL || heap.first == NULL )
         return;
 
-    if( p < heap.buf || p > heap.buf + heap.len )
+    if( p < heap.buf || p >= heap.buf + heap.len )
     {
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_MEMORY_DEBUG)
         mbedtls_fprintf( stderr, "FATAL: mbedtls_free() outside of managed "
@@ -500,13 +504,13 @@
     heap.verify = verify;
 }
 
-int mbedtls_memory_buffer_alloc_verify()
+int mbedtls_memory_buffer_alloc_verify( void )
 {
     return verify_chain();
 }
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_MEMORY_DEBUG)
-void mbedtls_memory_buffer_alloc_status()
+void mbedtls_memory_buffer_alloc_status( void )
 {
     mbedtls_fprintf( stderr,
                       "Current use: %zu blocks / %zu bytes, max: %zu blocks / "
@@ -570,8 +574,7 @@
 
 void mbedtls_memory_buffer_alloc_init( unsigned char *buf, size_t len )
 {
-    memset( &heap, 0, sizeof(buffer_alloc_ctx) );
-    memset( buf, 0, len );
+    memset( &heap, 0, sizeof( buffer_alloc_ctx ) );
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_THREADING_C)
     mbedtls_mutex_init( &heap.mutex );
@@ -581,26 +584,30 @@
     mbedtls_platform_set_calloc_free( buffer_alloc_calloc, buffer_alloc_free );
 #endif
 
-    if( (size_t) buf % MBEDTLS_MEMORY_ALIGN_MULTIPLE )
+    if( len < sizeof( memory_header ) + MBEDTLS_MEMORY_ALIGN_MULTIPLE )
+        return;
+    else if( (size_t)buf % MBEDTLS_MEMORY_ALIGN_MULTIPLE )
     {
         /* Adjust len first since buf is used in the computation */
         len -= MBEDTLS_MEMORY_ALIGN_MULTIPLE
-             - (size_t) buf % MBEDTLS_MEMORY_ALIGN_MULTIPLE;
+             - (size_t)buf % MBEDTLS_MEMORY_ALIGN_MULTIPLE;
         buf += MBEDTLS_MEMORY_ALIGN_MULTIPLE
-             - (size_t) buf % MBEDTLS_MEMORY_ALIGN_MULTIPLE;
+             - (size_t)buf % MBEDTLS_MEMORY_ALIGN_MULTIPLE;
     }
 
+    memset( buf, 0, len );
+
     heap.buf = buf;
     heap.len = len;
 
-    heap.first = (memory_header *) buf;
-    heap.first->size = len - sizeof(memory_header);
+    heap.first = (memory_header *)buf;
+    heap.first->size = len - sizeof( memory_header );
     heap.first->magic1 = MAGIC1;
     heap.first->magic2 = MAGIC2;
     heap.first_free = heap.first;
 }
 
-void mbedtls_memory_buffer_alloc_free()
+void mbedtls_memory_buffer_alloc_free( void )
 {
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_THREADING_C)
     mbedtls_mutex_free( &heap.mutex );
@@ -620,7 +627,7 @@
     return( 0 );
 }
 
-static int check_all_free( )
+static int check_all_free( void )
 {
     if(
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_MEMORY_DEBUG)
diff --git a/library/net_sockets.c b/library/net_sockets.c
index 345f102..7b4a423 100644
--- a/library/net_sockets.c
+++ b/library/net_sockets.c
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_NET_C)
 
 #if !defined(unix) && !defined(__unix__) && !defined(__unix) && \
-    !defined(__APPLE__) && !defined(_WIN32)
+    !defined(__APPLE__) && !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__QNXNTO__)
 #error "This module only works on Unix and Windows, see MBEDTLS_NET_C in config.h"
 #endif
 
@@ -45,6 +45,8 @@
 #if (defined(_WIN32) || defined(_WIN32_WCE)) && !defined(EFIX64) && \
     !defined(EFI32)
 
+#define IS_EINTR( ret ) ( ( ret ) == WSAEINTR )
+
 #ifdef _WIN32_WINNT
 #undef _WIN32_WINNT
 #endif
@@ -82,6 +84,8 @@
 #include <netdb.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 
+#define IS_EINTR( ret ) ( ( ret ) == EINTR )
+
 #endif /* ( _WIN32 || _WIN32_WCE ) && !EFIX64 && !EFI32 */
 
 /* Some MS functions want int and MSVC warns if we pass size_t,
@@ -271,7 +275,7 @@
 static int net_would_block( const mbedtls_net_context *ctx )
 {
     int err = errno;
-    
+
     /*
      * Never return 'WOULD BLOCK' on a non-blocking socket
      */
@@ -439,6 +443,72 @@
 }
 
 /*
+ * Check if data is available on the socket
+ */
+
+int mbedtls_net_poll( mbedtls_net_context *ctx, uint32_t rw, uint32_t timeout )
+{
+    int ret;
+    struct timeval tv;
+
+    fd_set read_fds;
+    fd_set write_fds;
+
+    int fd = ctx->fd;
+
+    if( fd < 0 )
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_NET_INVALID_CONTEXT );
+
+#if defined(__has_feature)
+#if __has_feature(memory_sanitizer)
+    /* Ensure that memory sanitizers consider read_fds and write_fds as
+     * initialized even on platforms such as Glibc/x86_64 where FD_ZERO
+     * is implemented in assembly. */
+    memset( &read_fds, 0, sizeof( read_fds ) );
+    memset( &write_fds, 0, sizeof( write_fds ) );
+#endif
+#endif
+
+    FD_ZERO( &read_fds );
+    if( rw & MBEDTLS_NET_POLL_READ )
+    {
+        rw &= ~MBEDTLS_NET_POLL_READ;
+        FD_SET( fd, &read_fds );
+    }
+
+    FD_ZERO( &write_fds );
+    if( rw & MBEDTLS_NET_POLL_WRITE )
+    {
+        rw &= ~MBEDTLS_NET_POLL_WRITE;
+        FD_SET( fd, &write_fds );
+    }
+
+    if( rw != 0 )
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_NET_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+
+    tv.tv_sec  = timeout / 1000;
+    tv.tv_usec = ( timeout % 1000 ) * 1000;
+
+    do
+    {
+        ret = select( fd + 1, &read_fds, &write_fds, NULL,
+                      timeout == (uint32_t) -1 ? NULL : &tv );
+    }
+    while( IS_EINTR( ret ) );
+
+    if( ret < 0 )
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_NET_POLL_FAILED );
+
+    ret = 0;
+    if( FD_ISSET( fd, &read_fds ) )
+        ret |= MBEDTLS_NET_POLL_READ;
+    if( FD_ISSET( fd, &write_fds ) )
+        ret |= MBEDTLS_NET_POLL_WRITE;
+
+    return( ret );
+}
+
+/*
  * Portable usleep helper
  */
 void mbedtls_net_usleep( unsigned long usec )
@@ -497,8 +567,8 @@
 /*
  * Read at most 'len' characters, blocking for at most 'timeout' ms
  */
-int mbedtls_net_recv_timeout( void *ctx, unsigned char *buf, size_t len,
-                      uint32_t timeout )
+int mbedtls_net_recv_timeout( void *ctx, unsigned char *buf,
+                              size_t len, uint32_t timeout )
 {
     int ret;
     struct timeval tv;
diff --git a/library/oid.c b/library/oid.c
index f13826e..edea950 100644
--- a/library/oid.c
+++ b/library/oid.c
@@ -625,6 +625,51 @@
 FN_OID_TYPED_FROM_ASN1(oid_md_alg_t, md_alg, oid_md_alg)
 FN_OID_GET_ATTR1(mbedtls_oid_get_md_alg, oid_md_alg_t, md_alg, mbedtls_md_type_t, md_alg)
 FN_OID_GET_OID_BY_ATTR1(mbedtls_oid_get_oid_by_md, oid_md_alg_t, oid_md_alg, mbedtls_md_type_t, md_alg)
+
+/*
+ * For HMAC digestAlgorithm
+ */
+typedef struct {
+    mbedtls_oid_descriptor_t    descriptor;
+    mbedtls_md_type_t           md_hmac;
+} oid_md_hmac_t;
+
+static const oid_md_hmac_t oid_md_hmac[] =
+{
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_SHA1_C)
+    {
+        { ADD_LEN( MBEDTLS_OID_HMAC_SHA1 ),      "hmacSHA1",      "HMAC-SHA-1" },
+        MBEDTLS_MD_SHA1,
+    },
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_SHA1_C */
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_SHA256_C)
+    {
+        { ADD_LEN( MBEDTLS_OID_HMAC_SHA224 ),    "hmacSHA224",    "HMAC-SHA-224" },
+        MBEDTLS_MD_SHA224,
+    },
+    {
+        { ADD_LEN( MBEDTLS_OID_HMAC_SHA256 ),    "hmacSHA256",    "HMAC-SHA-256" },
+        MBEDTLS_MD_SHA256,
+    },
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_SHA256_C */
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_SHA512_C)
+    {
+        { ADD_LEN( MBEDTLS_OID_HMAC_SHA384 ),    "hmacSHA384",    "HMAC-SHA-384" },
+        MBEDTLS_MD_SHA384,
+    },
+    {
+        { ADD_LEN( MBEDTLS_OID_HMAC_SHA512 ),    "hmacSHA512",    "HMAC-SHA-512" },
+        MBEDTLS_MD_SHA512,
+    },
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_SHA512_C */
+    {
+        { NULL, 0, NULL, NULL },
+        MBEDTLS_MD_NONE,
+    },
+};
+
+FN_OID_TYPED_FROM_ASN1(oid_md_hmac_t, md_hmac, oid_md_hmac)
+FN_OID_GET_ATTR1(mbedtls_oid_get_md_hmac, oid_md_hmac_t, md_hmac, mbedtls_md_type_t, md_hmac)
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_MD_C */
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_PKCS12_C)
diff --git a/library/pem.c b/library/pem.c
index 87401ba..13f9208 100644
--- a/library/pem.c
+++ b/library/pem.c
@@ -82,31 +82,33 @@
     return( 0 );
 }
 
-static void pem_pbkdf1( unsigned char *key, size_t keylen,
-                        unsigned char *iv,
-                        const unsigned char *pwd, size_t pwdlen )
+static int pem_pbkdf1( unsigned char *key, size_t keylen,
+                       unsigned char *iv,
+                       const unsigned char *pwd, size_t pwdlen )
 {
     mbedtls_md5_context md5_ctx;
     unsigned char md5sum[16];
     size_t use_len;
+    int ret;
 
     mbedtls_md5_init( &md5_ctx );
 
     /*
      * key[ 0..15] = MD5(pwd || IV)
      */
-    mbedtls_md5_starts( &md5_ctx );
-    mbedtls_md5_update( &md5_ctx, pwd, pwdlen );
-    mbedtls_md5_update( &md5_ctx, iv,  8 );
-    mbedtls_md5_finish( &md5_ctx, md5sum );
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md5_starts_ret( &md5_ctx ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md5_update_ret( &md5_ctx, pwd, pwdlen ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md5_update_ret( &md5_ctx, iv,  8 ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md5_finish_ret( &md5_ctx, md5sum ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
 
     if( keylen <= 16 )
     {
         memcpy( key, md5sum, keylen );
-
-        mbedtls_md5_free( &md5_ctx );
-        mbedtls_zeroize( md5sum, 16 );
-        return;
+        goto exit;
     }
 
     memcpy( key, md5sum, 16 );
@@ -114,11 +116,16 @@
     /*
      * key[16..23] = MD5(key[ 0..15] || pwd || IV])
      */
-    mbedtls_md5_starts( &md5_ctx );
-    mbedtls_md5_update( &md5_ctx, md5sum,  16 );
-    mbedtls_md5_update( &md5_ctx, pwd, pwdlen );
-    mbedtls_md5_update( &md5_ctx, iv,  8 );
-    mbedtls_md5_finish( &md5_ctx, md5sum );
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md5_starts_ret( &md5_ctx ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md5_update_ret( &md5_ctx, md5sum, 16 ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md5_update_ret( &md5_ctx, pwd, pwdlen ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md5_update_ret( &md5_ctx, iv, 8 ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md5_finish_ret( &md5_ctx, md5sum ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
 
     use_len = 16;
     if( keylen < 32 )
@@ -126,8 +133,11 @@
 
     memcpy( key + 16, md5sum, use_len );
 
+exit:
     mbedtls_md5_free( &md5_ctx );
     mbedtls_zeroize( md5sum, 16 );
+
+    return( ret );
 }
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_DES_C)
@@ -144,7 +154,8 @@
 
     mbedtls_des_init( &des_ctx );
 
-    pem_pbkdf1( des_key, 8, des_iv, pwd, pwdlen );
+    if( ( ret = pem_pbkdf1( des_key, 8, des_iv, pwd, pwdlen ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
 
     if( ( ret = mbedtls_des_setkey_dec( &des_ctx, des_key ) ) != 0 )
         goto exit;
@@ -171,7 +182,8 @@
 
     mbedtls_des3_init( &des3_ctx );
 
-    pem_pbkdf1( des3_key, 24, des3_iv, pwd, pwdlen );
+    if( ( ret = pem_pbkdf1( des3_key, 24, des3_iv, pwd, pwdlen ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
 
     if( ( ret = mbedtls_des3_set3key_dec( &des3_ctx, des3_key ) ) != 0 )
         goto exit;
@@ -200,7 +212,8 @@
 
     mbedtls_aes_init( &aes_ctx );
 
-    pem_pbkdf1( aes_key, keylen, aes_iv, pwd, pwdlen );
+    if( ( ret = pem_pbkdf1( aes_key, keylen, aes_iv, pwd, pwdlen ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
 
     if( ( ret = mbedtls_aes_setkey_dec( &aes_ctx, aes_key, keylen * 8 ) ) != 0 )
         goto exit;
@@ -346,6 +359,7 @@
 
     if( ( ret = mbedtls_base64_decode( buf, len, &len, s1, s2 - s1 ) ) != 0 )
     {
+        mbedtls_zeroize( buf, len );
         mbedtls_free( buf );
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PEM_INVALID_DATA + ret );
     }
@@ -356,6 +370,7 @@
     ( defined(MBEDTLS_DES_C) || defined(MBEDTLS_AES_C) )
         if( pwd == NULL )
         {
+            mbedtls_zeroize( buf, len );
             mbedtls_free( buf );
             return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PEM_PASSWORD_REQUIRED );
         }
@@ -388,14 +403,16 @@
          * The result will be ASN.1 starting with a SEQUENCE tag, with 1 to 3
          * length bytes (allow 4 to be sure) in all known use cases.
          *
-         * Use that as heurisitic to try detecting password mismatchs.
+         * Use that as a heuristic to try to detect password mismatches.
          */
         if( len <= 2 || buf[0] != 0x30 || buf[1] > 0x83 )
         {
+            mbedtls_zeroize( buf, len );
             mbedtls_free( buf );
             return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PEM_PASSWORD_MISMATCH );
         }
 #else
+        mbedtls_zeroize( buf, len );
         mbedtls_free( buf );
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PEM_FEATURE_UNAVAILABLE );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_MD5_C && MBEDTLS_CIPHER_MODE_CBC &&
@@ -410,6 +427,8 @@
 
 void mbedtls_pem_free( mbedtls_pem_context *ctx )
 {
+    if( ctx->buf != NULL )
+        mbedtls_zeroize( ctx->buf, ctx->buflen );
     mbedtls_free( ctx->buf );
     mbedtls_free( ctx->info );
 
@@ -423,7 +442,7 @@
                       unsigned char *buf, size_t buf_len, size_t *olen )
 {
     int ret;
-    unsigned char *encode_buf, *c, *p = buf;
+    unsigned char *encode_buf = NULL, *c, *p = buf;
     size_t len = 0, use_len, add_len = 0;
 
     mbedtls_base64_encode( NULL, 0, &use_len, der_data, der_len );
@@ -435,7 +454,8 @@
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_BASE64_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL );
     }
 
-    if( ( encode_buf = mbedtls_calloc( 1, use_len ) ) == NULL )
+    if( use_len != 0 &&
+        ( ( encode_buf = mbedtls_calloc( 1, use_len ) ) == NULL ) )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PEM_ALLOC_FAILED );
 
     if( ( ret = mbedtls_base64_encode( encode_buf, use_len, &use_len, der_data,
diff --git a/library/pk_wrap.c b/library/pk_wrap.c
index 2c164b7..5446e23 100644
--- a/library/pk_wrap.c
+++ b/library/pk_wrap.c
@@ -68,7 +68,8 @@
 
 static size_t rsa_get_bitlen( const void *ctx )
 {
-    return( 8 * ((const mbedtls_rsa_context *) ctx)->len );
+    const mbedtls_rsa_context * rsa = (const mbedtls_rsa_context *) ctx;
+    return( 8 * mbedtls_rsa_get_len( rsa ) );
 }
 
 static int rsa_verify_wrap( void *ctx, mbedtls_md_type_t md_alg,
@@ -76,21 +77,28 @@
                    const unsigned char *sig, size_t sig_len )
 {
     int ret;
+    mbedtls_rsa_context * rsa = (mbedtls_rsa_context *) ctx;
+    size_t rsa_len = mbedtls_rsa_get_len( rsa );
 
 #if SIZE_MAX > UINT_MAX
     if( md_alg == MBEDTLS_MD_NONE && UINT_MAX < hash_len )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
 #endif /* SIZE_MAX > UINT_MAX */
 
-    if( sig_len < ((mbedtls_rsa_context *) ctx)->len )
+    if( sig_len < rsa_len )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_VERIFY_FAILED );
 
-    if( ( ret = mbedtls_rsa_pkcs1_verify( (mbedtls_rsa_context *) ctx, NULL, NULL,
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_rsa_pkcs1_verify( rsa, NULL, NULL,
                                   MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC, md_alg,
                                   (unsigned int) hash_len, hash, sig ) ) != 0 )
         return( ret );
 
-    if( sig_len > ((mbedtls_rsa_context *) ctx)->len )
+    /* The buffer contains a valid signature followed by extra data.
+     * We have a special error code for that so that so that callers can
+     * use mbedtls_pk_verify() to check "Does the buffer start with a
+     * valid signature?" and not just "Does the buffer contain a valid
+     * signature?". */
+    if( sig_len > rsa_len )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_SIG_LEN_MISMATCH );
 
     return( 0 );
@@ -101,14 +109,16 @@
                    unsigned char *sig, size_t *sig_len,
                    int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t), void *p_rng )
 {
+    mbedtls_rsa_context * rsa = (mbedtls_rsa_context *) ctx;
+
 #if SIZE_MAX > UINT_MAX
     if( md_alg == MBEDTLS_MD_NONE && UINT_MAX < hash_len )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
 #endif /* SIZE_MAX > UINT_MAX */
 
-    *sig_len = ((mbedtls_rsa_context *) ctx)->len;
+    *sig_len = mbedtls_rsa_get_len( rsa );
 
-    return( mbedtls_rsa_pkcs1_sign( (mbedtls_rsa_context *) ctx, f_rng, p_rng, MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE,
+    return( mbedtls_rsa_pkcs1_sign( rsa, f_rng, p_rng, MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE,
                 md_alg, (unsigned int) hash_len, hash, sig ) );
 }
 
@@ -117,10 +127,12 @@
                     unsigned char *output, size_t *olen, size_t osize,
                     int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t), void *p_rng )
 {
-    if( ilen != ((mbedtls_rsa_context *) ctx)->len )
+    mbedtls_rsa_context * rsa = (mbedtls_rsa_context *) ctx;
+
+    if( ilen != mbedtls_rsa_get_len( rsa ) )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
 
-    return( mbedtls_rsa_pkcs1_decrypt( (mbedtls_rsa_context *) ctx, f_rng, p_rng,
+    return( mbedtls_rsa_pkcs1_decrypt( rsa, f_rng, p_rng,
                 MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE, olen, input, output, osize ) );
 }
 
@@ -129,13 +141,14 @@
                     unsigned char *output, size_t *olen, size_t osize,
                     int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t), void *p_rng )
 {
-    *olen = ((mbedtls_rsa_context *) ctx)->len;
+    mbedtls_rsa_context * rsa = (mbedtls_rsa_context *) ctx;
+    *olen = mbedtls_rsa_get_len( rsa );
 
     if( *olen > osize )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_OUTPUT_TOO_LARGE );
 
-    return( mbedtls_rsa_pkcs1_encrypt( (mbedtls_rsa_context *) ctx,
-                f_rng, p_rng, MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC, ilen, input, output ) );
+    return( mbedtls_rsa_pkcs1_encrypt( rsa, f_rng, p_rng, MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC,
+                                       ilen, input, output ) );
 }
 
 static int rsa_check_pair_wrap( const void *pub, const void *prv )
diff --git a/library/pkcs5.c b/library/pkcs5.c
index e28d5a8..440a174 100644
--- a/library/pkcs5.c
+++ b/library/pkcs5.c
@@ -38,9 +38,12 @@
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_PKCS5_C)
 
 #include "mbedtls/pkcs5.h"
+
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_ASN1_PARSE_C)
 #include "mbedtls/asn1.h"
 #include "mbedtls/cipher.h"
 #include "mbedtls/oid.h"
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_ASN1_PARSE_C */
 
 #include <string.h>
 
@@ -51,6 +54,22 @@
 #define mbedtls_printf printf
 #endif
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_ASN1_PARSE_C)
+int mbedtls_pkcs5_pbes2( const mbedtls_asn1_buf *pbe_params, int mode,
+                 const unsigned char *pwd,  size_t pwdlen,
+                 const unsigned char *data, size_t datalen,
+                 unsigned char *output )
+{
+    ((void) pbe_params);
+    ((void) mode);
+    ((void) pwd);
+    ((void) pwdlen);
+    ((void) data);
+    ((void) datalen);
+    ((void) output);
+    return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PKCS5_FEATURE_UNAVAILABLE );
+}
+#else
 static int pkcs5_parse_pbkdf2_params( const mbedtls_asn1_buf *params,
                                       mbedtls_asn1_buf *salt, int *iterations,
                                       int *keylen, mbedtls_md_type_t *md_type )
@@ -96,11 +115,9 @@
     if( ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_alg_null( &p, end, &prf_alg_oid ) ) != 0 )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PKCS5_INVALID_FORMAT + ret );
 
-    if( MBEDTLS_OID_CMP( MBEDTLS_OID_HMAC_SHA1, &prf_alg_oid ) != 0 )
+    if( mbedtls_oid_get_md_hmac( &prf_alg_oid, md_type ) != 0 )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PKCS5_FEATURE_UNAVAILABLE );
 
-    *md_type = MBEDTLS_MD_SHA1;
-
     if( p != end )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PKCS5_INVALID_FORMAT +
                 MBEDTLS_ERR_ASN1_LENGTH_MISMATCH );
@@ -213,6 +230,7 @@
 
     return( ret );
 }
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_ASN1_PARSE_C */
 
 int mbedtls_pkcs5_pbkdf2_hmac( mbedtls_md_context_t *ctx, const unsigned char *password,
                        size_t plen, const unsigned char *salt, size_t slen,
diff --git a/library/pkparse.c b/library/pkparse.c
index 387111f..5ad5edf 100644
--- a/library/pkparse.c
+++ b/library/pkparse.c
@@ -104,7 +104,10 @@
     if( fread( *buf, 1, *n, f ) != *n )
     {
         fclose( f );
+
+        mbedtls_zeroize( *buf, *n );
         mbedtls_free( *buf );
+
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_FILE_IO_ERROR );
     }
 
@@ -178,6 +181,10 @@
 {
     int ret;
 
+    if ( end - *p < 1 )
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_KEY_INVALID_FORMAT +
+                MBEDTLS_ERR_ASN1_OUT_OF_DATA );
+
     /* Tag may be either OID or SEQUENCE */
     params->tag = **p;
     if( params->tag != MBEDTLS_ASN1_OID
@@ -523,19 +530,36 @@
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_INVALID_PUBKEY +
                 MBEDTLS_ERR_ASN1_LENGTH_MISMATCH );
 
-    if( ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_mpi( p, end, &rsa->N ) ) != 0 ||
-        ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_mpi( p, end, &rsa->E ) ) != 0 )
+    /* Import N */
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_tag( p, end, &len, MBEDTLS_ASN1_INTEGER ) ) != 0 )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_INVALID_PUBKEY + ret );
 
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_rsa_import_raw( rsa, *p, len, NULL, 0, NULL, 0,
+                                        NULL, 0, NULL, 0 ) ) != 0 )
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_INVALID_PUBKEY );
+
+    *p += len;
+
+    /* Import E */
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_tag( p, end, &len, MBEDTLS_ASN1_INTEGER ) ) != 0 )
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_INVALID_PUBKEY + ret );
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_rsa_import_raw( rsa, NULL, 0, NULL, 0, NULL, 0,
+                                        NULL, 0, *p, len ) ) != 0 )
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_INVALID_PUBKEY );
+
+    *p += len;
+
+    if( mbedtls_rsa_complete( rsa ) != 0 ||
+        mbedtls_rsa_check_pubkey( rsa ) != 0 )
+    {
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_INVALID_PUBKEY );
+    }
+
     if( *p != end )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_INVALID_PUBKEY +
                 MBEDTLS_ERR_ASN1_LENGTH_MISMATCH );
 
-    if( ( ret = mbedtls_rsa_check_pubkey( rsa ) ) != 0 )
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_INVALID_PUBKEY );
-
-    rsa->len = mbedtls_mpi_size( &rsa->N );
-
     return( 0 );
 }
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_RSA_C */
@@ -646,10 +670,13 @@
                                    const unsigned char *key,
                                    size_t keylen )
 {
-    int ret;
+    int ret, version;
     size_t len;
     unsigned char *p, *end;
 
+    mbedtls_mpi T;
+    mbedtls_mpi_init( &T );
+
     p = (unsigned char *) key;
     end = p + keylen;
 
@@ -677,45 +704,88 @@
 
     end = p + len;
 
-    if( ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_int( &p, end, &rsa->ver ) ) != 0 )
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_int( &p, end, &version ) ) != 0 )
     {
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_KEY_INVALID_FORMAT + ret );
     }
 
-    if( rsa->ver != 0 )
+    if( version != 0 )
     {
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_KEY_INVALID_VERSION );
     }
 
-    if( ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_mpi( &p, end, &rsa->N  ) ) != 0 ||
-        ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_mpi( &p, end, &rsa->E  ) ) != 0 ||
-        ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_mpi( &p, end, &rsa->D  ) ) != 0 ||
-        ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_mpi( &p, end, &rsa->P  ) ) != 0 ||
-        ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_mpi( &p, end, &rsa->Q  ) ) != 0 ||
-        ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_mpi( &p, end, &rsa->DP ) ) != 0 ||
-        ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_mpi( &p, end, &rsa->DQ ) ) != 0 ||
-        ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_mpi( &p, end, &rsa->QP ) ) != 0 )
-    {
-        mbedtls_rsa_free( rsa );
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_KEY_INVALID_FORMAT + ret );
-    }
+    /* Import N */
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_tag( &p, end, &len,
+                                      MBEDTLS_ASN1_INTEGER ) ) != 0 ||
+        ( ret = mbedtls_rsa_import_raw( rsa, p, len, NULL, 0, NULL, 0,
+                                        NULL, 0, NULL, 0 ) ) != 0 )
+        goto cleanup;
+    p += len;
 
-    rsa->len = mbedtls_mpi_size( &rsa->N );
+    /* Import E */
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_tag( &p, end, &len,
+                                      MBEDTLS_ASN1_INTEGER ) ) != 0 ||
+        ( ret = mbedtls_rsa_import_raw( rsa, NULL, 0, NULL, 0, NULL, 0,
+                                        NULL, 0, p, len ) ) != 0 )
+        goto cleanup;
+    p += len;
+
+    /* Import D */
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_tag( &p, end, &len,
+                                      MBEDTLS_ASN1_INTEGER ) ) != 0 ||
+        ( ret = mbedtls_rsa_import_raw( rsa, NULL, 0, NULL, 0, NULL, 0,
+                                        p, len, NULL, 0 ) ) != 0 )
+        goto cleanup;
+    p += len;
+
+    /* Import P */
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_tag( &p, end, &len,
+                                      MBEDTLS_ASN1_INTEGER ) ) != 0 ||
+        ( ret = mbedtls_rsa_import_raw( rsa, NULL, 0, p, len, NULL, 0,
+                                        NULL, 0, NULL, 0 ) ) != 0 )
+        goto cleanup;
+    p += len;
+
+    /* Import Q */
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_tag( &p, end, &len,
+                                      MBEDTLS_ASN1_INTEGER ) ) != 0 ||
+        ( ret = mbedtls_rsa_import_raw( rsa, NULL, 0, NULL, 0, p, len,
+                                        NULL, 0, NULL, 0 ) ) != 0 )
+        goto cleanup;
+    p += len;
+
+    /* Complete the RSA private key */
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_rsa_complete( rsa ) ) != 0 )
+        goto cleanup;
+
+    /* Check optional parameters */
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_mpi( &p, end, &T ) ) != 0 ||
+        ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_mpi( &p, end, &T ) ) != 0 ||
+        ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_mpi( &p, end, &T ) ) != 0 )
+        goto cleanup;
 
     if( p != end )
     {
-        mbedtls_rsa_free( rsa );
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_KEY_INVALID_FORMAT +
-                MBEDTLS_ERR_ASN1_LENGTH_MISMATCH );
+        ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_KEY_INVALID_FORMAT +
+              MBEDTLS_ERR_ASN1_LENGTH_MISMATCH ;
     }
 
-    if( ( ret = mbedtls_rsa_check_privkey( rsa ) ) != 0 )
+cleanup:
+
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &T );
+
+    if( ret != 0 )
     {
+        /* Wrap error code if it's coming from a lower level */
+        if( ( ret & 0xff80 ) == 0 )
+            ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_KEY_INVALID_FORMAT + ret;
+        else
+            ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_KEY_INVALID_FORMAT;
+
         mbedtls_rsa_free( rsa );
-        return( ret );
     }
 
-    return( 0 );
+    return( ret );
 }
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_RSA_C */
 
@@ -791,7 +861,10 @@
             mbedtls_ecp_keypair_free( eck );
             return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_KEY_INVALID_FORMAT + ret );
         }
+    }
 
+    if( p != end )
+    {
         /*
          * Is 'publickey' present? If not, or if we can't read it (eg because it
          * is compressed), create it from the private key.
@@ -1211,6 +1284,9 @@
     {
         unsigned char *key_copy;
 
+        if( keylen == 0 )
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_KEY_INVALID_FORMAT );
+
         if( ( key_copy = mbedtls_calloc( 1, keylen ) ) == NULL )
             return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_ALLOC_FAILED );
 
@@ -1282,11 +1358,45 @@
 {
     int ret;
     unsigned char *p;
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_C)
+    const mbedtls_pk_info_t *pk_info;
+#endif
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_PEM_PARSE_C)
     size_t len;
     mbedtls_pem_context pem;
 
     mbedtls_pem_init( &pem );
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_C)
+    /* Avoid calling mbedtls_pem_read_buffer() on non-null-terminated string */
+    if( keylen == 0 || key[keylen - 1] != '\0' )
+        ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_PEM_NO_HEADER_FOOTER_PRESENT;
+    else
+        ret = mbedtls_pem_read_buffer( &pem,
+                               "-----BEGIN RSA PUBLIC KEY-----",
+                               "-----END RSA PUBLIC KEY-----",
+                               key, NULL, 0, &len );
+
+    if( ret == 0 )
+    {
+        p = pem.buf;
+        if( ( pk_info = mbedtls_pk_info_from_type( MBEDTLS_PK_RSA ) ) == NULL )
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_UNKNOWN_PK_ALG );
+
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_pk_setup( ctx, pk_info ) ) != 0 )
+            return( ret );
+
+        if ( ( ret = pk_get_rsapubkey( &p, p + pem.buflen, mbedtls_pk_rsa( *ctx ) ) ) != 0 )
+            mbedtls_pk_free( ctx );
+
+        mbedtls_pem_free( &pem );
+        return( ret );
+    }
+    else if( ret != MBEDTLS_ERR_PEM_NO_HEADER_FOOTER_PRESENT )
+    {
+        mbedtls_pem_free( &pem );
+        return( ret );
+    }
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_RSA_C */
 
     /* Avoid calling mbedtls_pem_read_buffer() on non-null-terminated string */
     if( keylen == 0 || key[keylen - 1] != '\0' )
@@ -1302,23 +1412,43 @@
         /*
          * Was PEM encoded
          */
-        key = pem.buf;
-        keylen = pem.buflen;
+        p = pem.buf;
+
+        ret = mbedtls_pk_parse_subpubkey( &p,  p + pem.buflen, ctx );
+        mbedtls_pem_free( &pem );
+        return( ret );
     }
     else if( ret != MBEDTLS_ERR_PEM_NO_HEADER_FOOTER_PRESENT )
     {
         mbedtls_pem_free( &pem );
         return( ret );
     }
+    mbedtls_pem_free( &pem );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_PEM_PARSE_C */
+
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_C)
+    if( ( pk_info = mbedtls_pk_info_from_type( MBEDTLS_PK_RSA ) ) == NULL )
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_UNKNOWN_PK_ALG );
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_pk_setup( ctx, pk_info ) ) != 0 )
+        return( ret );
+
+    p = (unsigned char *)key;
+    ret = pk_get_rsapubkey( &p, p + keylen, mbedtls_pk_rsa( *ctx ) );
+    if( ret == 0 )
+    {
+        return( ret );
+    }
+    mbedtls_pk_free( ctx );
+    if( ret != ( MBEDTLS_ERR_PK_INVALID_PUBKEY + MBEDTLS_ERR_ASN1_UNEXPECTED_TAG ) )
+    {
+        return( ret );
+    }
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_RSA_C */
     p = (unsigned char *) key;
 
     ret = mbedtls_pk_parse_subpubkey( &p, p + keylen, ctx );
 
-#if defined(MBEDTLS_PEM_PARSE_C)
-    mbedtls_pem_free( &pem );
-#endif
-
     return( ret );
 }
 
diff --git a/library/pkwrite.c b/library/pkwrite.c
index 83b798c..8eabd88 100644
--- a/library/pkwrite.c
+++ b/library/pkwrite.c
@@ -62,13 +62,31 @@
  *  }
  */
 static int pk_write_rsa_pubkey( unsigned char **p, unsigned char *start,
-                                  mbedtls_rsa_context *rsa )
+                                mbedtls_rsa_context *rsa )
 {
     int ret;
     size_t len = 0;
+    mbedtls_mpi T;
 
-    MBEDTLS_ASN1_CHK_ADD( len, mbedtls_asn1_write_mpi( p, start, &rsa->E ) );
-    MBEDTLS_ASN1_CHK_ADD( len, mbedtls_asn1_write_mpi( p, start, &rsa->N ) );
+    mbedtls_mpi_init( &T );
+
+    /* Export E */
+    if ( ( ret = mbedtls_rsa_export( rsa, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, &T ) ) != 0 ||
+         ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_write_mpi( p, start, &T ) ) < 0 )
+        goto end_of_export;
+    len += ret;
+
+    /* Export N */
+    if ( ( ret = mbedtls_rsa_export( rsa, &T, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL ) ) != 0 ||
+         ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_write_mpi( p, start, &T ) ) < 0 )
+        goto end_of_export;
+    len += ret;
+
+end_of_export:
+
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &T );
+    if( ret < 0 )
+        return( ret );
 
     MBEDTLS_ASN1_CHK_ADD( len, mbedtls_asn1_write_len( p, start, len ) );
     MBEDTLS_ASN1_CHK_ADD( len, mbedtls_asn1_write_tag( p, start, MBEDTLS_ASN1_CONSTRUCTED |
@@ -83,7 +101,7 @@
  * EC public key is an EC point
  */
 static int pk_write_ec_pubkey( unsigned char **p, unsigned char *start,
-                                 mbedtls_ecp_keypair *ec )
+                               mbedtls_ecp_keypair *ec )
 {
     int ret;
     size_t len = 0;
@@ -111,7 +129,7 @@
  * }
  */
 static int pk_write_ec_param( unsigned char **p, unsigned char *start,
-                                mbedtls_ecp_keypair *ec )
+                              mbedtls_ecp_keypair *ec )
 {
     int ret;
     size_t len = 0;
@@ -128,7 +146,7 @@
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_ECP_C */
 
 int mbedtls_pk_write_pubkey( unsigned char **p, unsigned char *start,
-                     const mbedtls_pk_context *key )
+                             const mbedtls_pk_context *key )
 {
     int ret;
     size_t len = 0;
@@ -205,21 +223,79 @@
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_C)
     if( mbedtls_pk_get_type( key ) == MBEDTLS_PK_RSA )
     {
+        mbedtls_mpi T; /* Temporary holding the exported parameters */
         mbedtls_rsa_context *rsa = mbedtls_pk_rsa( *key );
 
-        MBEDTLS_ASN1_CHK_ADD( len, mbedtls_asn1_write_mpi( &c, buf, &rsa->QP ) );
-        MBEDTLS_ASN1_CHK_ADD( len, mbedtls_asn1_write_mpi( &c, buf, &rsa->DQ ) );
-        MBEDTLS_ASN1_CHK_ADD( len, mbedtls_asn1_write_mpi( &c, buf, &rsa->DP ) );
-        MBEDTLS_ASN1_CHK_ADD( len, mbedtls_asn1_write_mpi( &c, buf, &rsa->Q ) );
-        MBEDTLS_ASN1_CHK_ADD( len, mbedtls_asn1_write_mpi( &c, buf, &rsa->P ) );
-        MBEDTLS_ASN1_CHK_ADD( len, mbedtls_asn1_write_mpi( &c, buf, &rsa->D ) );
-        MBEDTLS_ASN1_CHK_ADD( len, mbedtls_asn1_write_mpi( &c, buf, &rsa->E ) );
-        MBEDTLS_ASN1_CHK_ADD( len, mbedtls_asn1_write_mpi( &c, buf, &rsa->N ) );
-        MBEDTLS_ASN1_CHK_ADD( len, mbedtls_asn1_write_int( &c, buf, 0 ) );
+        /*
+         * Export the parameters one after another to avoid simultaneous copies.
+         */
 
+        mbedtls_mpi_init( &T );
+
+        /* Export QP */
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_rsa_export_crt( rsa, NULL, NULL, &T ) ) != 0 ||
+            ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_write_mpi( &c, buf, &T ) ) < 0 )
+            goto end_of_export;
+        len += ret;
+
+        /* Export DQ */
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_rsa_export_crt( rsa, NULL, &T, NULL ) ) != 0 ||
+            ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_write_mpi( &c, buf, &T ) ) < 0 )
+            goto end_of_export;
+        len += ret;
+
+        /* Export DP */
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_rsa_export_crt( rsa, &T, NULL, NULL ) ) != 0 ||
+            ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_write_mpi( &c, buf, &T ) ) < 0 )
+            goto end_of_export;
+        len += ret;
+
+        /* Export Q */
+        if ( ( ret = mbedtls_rsa_export( rsa, NULL, NULL,
+                                         &T, NULL, NULL ) ) != 0 ||
+             ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_write_mpi( &c, buf, &T ) ) < 0 )
+            goto end_of_export;
+        len += ret;
+
+        /* Export P */
+        if ( ( ret = mbedtls_rsa_export( rsa, NULL, &T,
+                                         NULL, NULL, NULL ) ) != 0 ||
+             ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_write_mpi( &c, buf, &T ) ) < 0 )
+            goto end_of_export;
+        len += ret;
+
+        /* Export D */
+        if ( ( ret = mbedtls_rsa_export( rsa, NULL, NULL,
+                                         NULL, &T, NULL ) ) != 0 ||
+             ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_write_mpi( &c, buf, &T ) ) < 0 )
+            goto end_of_export;
+        len += ret;
+
+        /* Export E */
+        if ( ( ret = mbedtls_rsa_export( rsa, NULL, NULL,
+                                         NULL, NULL, &T ) ) != 0 ||
+             ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_write_mpi( &c, buf, &T ) ) < 0 )
+            goto end_of_export;
+        len += ret;
+
+        /* Export N */
+        if ( ( ret = mbedtls_rsa_export( rsa, &T, NULL,
+                                         NULL, NULL, NULL ) ) != 0 ||
+             ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_write_mpi( &c, buf, &T ) ) < 0 )
+            goto end_of_export;
+        len += ret;
+
+    end_of_export:
+
+        mbedtls_mpi_free( &T );
+        if( ret < 0 )
+            return( ret );
+
+        MBEDTLS_ASN1_CHK_ADD( len, mbedtls_asn1_write_int( &c, buf, 0 ) );
         MBEDTLS_ASN1_CHK_ADD( len, mbedtls_asn1_write_len( &c, buf, len ) );
-        MBEDTLS_ASN1_CHK_ADD( len, mbedtls_asn1_write_tag( &c, buf, MBEDTLS_ASN1_CONSTRUCTED |
-                                                    MBEDTLS_ASN1_SEQUENCE ) );
+        MBEDTLS_ASN1_CHK_ADD( len, mbedtls_asn1_write_tag( &c,
+                                               buf, MBEDTLS_ASN1_CONSTRUCTED |
+                                               MBEDTLS_ASN1_SEQUENCE ) );
     }
     else
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_RSA_C */
diff --git a/library/platform.c b/library/platform.c
index af3b2f1..a295f9b 100644
--- a/library/platform.c
+++ b/library/platform.c
@@ -29,6 +29,14 @@
 
 #include "mbedtls/platform.h"
 
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_NV_SEED) && \
+    !defined(MBEDTLS_PLATFORM_NO_STD_FUNCTIONS) && defined(MBEDTLS_FS_IO)
+/* Implementation that should never be optimized out by the compiler */
+static void mbedtls_zeroize( void *v, size_t n ) {
+    volatile unsigned char *p = (unsigned char*)v; while( n-- ) *p++ = 0;
+}
+#endif
+
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_PLATFORM_MEMORY)
 #if !defined(MBEDTLS_PLATFORM_STD_CALLOC)
 static void *platform_calloc_uninit( size_t n, size_t size )
@@ -74,7 +82,7 @@
         return( -1 );
 
     va_start( argp, fmt );
-#if defined(_TRUNCATE)
+#if defined(_TRUNCATE) && !defined(__MINGW32__)
     ret = _vsnprintf_s( s, n, _TRUNCATE, fmt, argp );
 #else
     ret = _vsnprintf( s, n, fmt, argp );
@@ -228,12 +236,13 @@
     size_t n;
 
     if( ( file = fopen( MBEDTLS_PLATFORM_STD_NV_SEED_FILE, "rb" ) ) == NULL )
-        return -1;
+        return( -1 );
 
     if( ( n = fread( buf, 1, buf_len, file ) ) != buf_len )
     {
         fclose( file );
-        return -1;
+        mbedtls_zeroize( buf, buf_len );
+        return( -1 );
     }
 
     fclose( file );
diff --git a/library/ripemd160.c b/library/ripemd160.c
index cdb0a63..2ba48b7 100644
--- a/library/ripemd160.c
+++ b/library/ripemd160.c
@@ -46,6 +46,8 @@
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_PLATFORM_C */
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SELF_TEST */
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_RIPEMD160_ALT)
+
 /*
  * 32-bit integer manipulation macros (little endian)
  */
@@ -96,7 +98,7 @@
 /*
  * RIPEMD-160 context setup
  */
-void mbedtls_ripemd160_starts( mbedtls_ripemd160_context *ctx )
+int mbedtls_ripemd160_starts_ret( mbedtls_ripemd160_context *ctx )
 {
     ctx->total[0] = 0;
     ctx->total[1] = 0;
@@ -106,13 +108,23 @@
     ctx->state[2] = 0x98BADCFE;
     ctx->state[3] = 0x10325476;
     ctx->state[4] = 0xC3D2E1F0;
+
+    return( 0 );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_ripemd160_starts( mbedtls_ripemd160_context *ctx )
+{
+    mbedtls_ripemd160_starts_ret( ctx );
+}
+#endif
+
 #if !defined(MBEDTLS_RIPEMD160_PROCESS_ALT)
 /*
  * Process one block
  */
-void mbedtls_ripemd160_process( mbedtls_ripemd160_context *ctx, const unsigned char data[64] )
+int mbedtls_internal_ripemd160_process( mbedtls_ripemd160_context *ctx,
+                                        const unsigned char data[64] )
 {
     uint32_t A, B, C, D, E, Ap, Bp, Cp, Dp, Ep, X[16];
 
@@ -287,20 +299,32 @@
     ctx->state[3] = ctx->state[4] + A + Bp;
     ctx->state[4] = ctx->state[0] + B + Cp;
     ctx->state[0] = C;
+
+    return( 0 );
 }
+
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_ripemd160_process( mbedtls_ripemd160_context *ctx,
+                                const unsigned char data[64] )
+{
+    mbedtls_internal_ripemd160_process( ctx, data );
+}
+#endif
 #endif /* !MBEDTLS_RIPEMD160_PROCESS_ALT */
 
 /*
  * RIPEMD-160 process buffer
  */
-void mbedtls_ripemd160_update( mbedtls_ripemd160_context *ctx,
-                       const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen )
+int mbedtls_ripemd160_update_ret( mbedtls_ripemd160_context *ctx,
+                                  const unsigned char *input,
+                                  size_t ilen )
 {
+    int ret;
     size_t fill;
     uint32_t left;
 
     if( ilen == 0 )
-        return;
+        return( 0 );
 
     left = ctx->total[0] & 0x3F;
     fill = 64 - left;
@@ -314,7 +338,10 @@
     if( left && ilen >= fill )
     {
         memcpy( (void *) (ctx->buffer + left), input, fill );
-        mbedtls_ripemd160_process( ctx, ctx->buffer );
+
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_internal_ripemd160_process( ctx, ctx->buffer ) ) != 0 )
+            return( ret );
+
         input += fill;
         ilen  -= fill;
         left = 0;
@@ -322,7 +349,9 @@
 
     while( ilen >= 64 )
     {
-        mbedtls_ripemd160_process( ctx, input );
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_internal_ripemd160_process( ctx, input ) ) != 0 )
+            return( ret );
+
         input += 64;
         ilen  -= 64;
     }
@@ -331,8 +360,19 @@
     {
         memcpy( (void *) (ctx->buffer + left), input, ilen );
     }
+
+    return( 0 );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_ripemd160_update( mbedtls_ripemd160_context *ctx,
+                               const unsigned char *input,
+                               size_t ilen )
+{
+    mbedtls_ripemd160_update_ret( ctx, input, ilen );
+}
+#endif
+
 static const unsigned char ripemd160_padding[64] =
 {
  0x80, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
@@ -344,8 +384,10 @@
 /*
  * RIPEMD-160 final digest
  */
-void mbedtls_ripemd160_finish( mbedtls_ripemd160_context *ctx, unsigned char output[20] )
+int mbedtls_ripemd160_finish_ret( mbedtls_ripemd160_context *ctx,
+                                  unsigned char output[20] )
 {
+    int ret;
     uint32_t last, padn;
     uint32_t high, low;
     unsigned char msglen[8];
@@ -360,49 +402,91 @@
     last = ctx->total[0] & 0x3F;
     padn = ( last < 56 ) ? ( 56 - last ) : ( 120 - last );
 
-    mbedtls_ripemd160_update( ctx, ripemd160_padding, padn );
-    mbedtls_ripemd160_update( ctx, msglen, 8 );
+    ret = mbedtls_ripemd160_update_ret( ctx, ripemd160_padding, padn );
+    if( ret != 0 )
+        return( ret );
+
+    ret = mbedtls_ripemd160_update_ret( ctx, msglen, 8 );
+    if( ret != 0 )
+        return( ret );
 
     PUT_UINT32_LE( ctx->state[0], output,  0 );
     PUT_UINT32_LE( ctx->state[1], output,  4 );
     PUT_UINT32_LE( ctx->state[2], output,  8 );
     PUT_UINT32_LE( ctx->state[3], output, 12 );
     PUT_UINT32_LE( ctx->state[4], output, 16 );
+
+    return( 0 );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_ripemd160_finish( mbedtls_ripemd160_context *ctx,
+                               unsigned char output[20] )
+{
+    mbedtls_ripemd160_finish_ret( ctx, output );
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif /* ! MBEDTLS_RIPEMD160_ALT */
+
 /*
  * output = RIPEMD-160( input buffer )
  */
-void mbedtls_ripemd160( const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen,
-                unsigned char output[20] )
+int mbedtls_ripemd160_ret( const unsigned char *input,
+                           size_t ilen,
+                           unsigned char output[20] )
 {
+    int ret;
     mbedtls_ripemd160_context ctx;
 
     mbedtls_ripemd160_init( &ctx );
-    mbedtls_ripemd160_starts( &ctx );
-    mbedtls_ripemd160_update( &ctx, input, ilen );
-    mbedtls_ripemd160_finish( &ctx, output );
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_ripemd160_starts_ret( &ctx ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_ripemd160_update_ret( &ctx, input, ilen ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_ripemd160_finish_ret( &ctx, output ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+
+exit:
     mbedtls_ripemd160_free( &ctx );
+
+    return( ret );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_ripemd160( const unsigned char *input,
+                        size_t ilen,
+                        unsigned char output[20] )
+{
+    mbedtls_ripemd160_ret( input, ilen, output );
+}
+#endif
+
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SELF_TEST)
 /*
  * Test vectors from the RIPEMD-160 paper and
  * http://homes.esat.kuleuven.be/~bosselae/mbedtls_ripemd160.html#HMAC
  */
 #define TESTS   8
-#define KEYS    2
-static const char *ripemd160_test_input[TESTS] =
+static const unsigned char ripemd160_test_str[TESTS][81] =
 {
-    "",
-    "a",
-    "abc",
-    "message digest",
-    "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz",
-    "abcdbcdecdefdefgefghfghighijhijkijkljklmklmnlmnomnopnopq",
-    "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789",
-    "1234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
-        "1234567890123456789012345678901234567890",
+    { "" },
+    { "a" },
+    { "abc" },
+    { "message digest" },
+    { "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" },
+    { "abcdbcdecdefdefgefghfghighijhijkijkljklmklmnlmnomnopnopq" },
+    { "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789" },
+    { "12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012"
+      "345678901234567890" },
+};
+
+static const size_t ripemd160_test_strlen[TESTS] =
+{
+    0, 1, 3, 14, 26, 56, 62, 80
 };
 
 static const unsigned char ripemd160_test_md[TESTS][20] =
@@ -430,7 +514,7 @@
  */
 int mbedtls_ripemd160_self_test( int verbose )
 {
-    int i;
+    int i, ret = 0;
     unsigned char output[20];
 
     memset( output, 0, sizeof output );
@@ -440,16 +524,15 @@
         if( verbose != 0 )
             mbedtls_printf( "  RIPEMD-160 test #%d: ", i + 1 );
 
-        mbedtls_ripemd160( (const unsigned char *) ripemd160_test_input[i],
-                   strlen( ripemd160_test_input[i] ),
-                   output );
+        ret = mbedtls_ripemd160_ret( ripemd160_test_str[i],
+                                     ripemd160_test_strlen[i], output );
+        if( ret != 0 )
+            goto fail;
 
         if( memcmp( output, ripemd160_test_md[i], 20 ) != 0 )
         {
-            if( verbose != 0 )
-                mbedtls_printf( "failed\n" );
-
-            return( 1 );
+            ret = 1;
+            goto fail;
         }
 
         if( verbose != 0 )
@@ -460,6 +543,12 @@
         mbedtls_printf( "\n" );
 
     return( 0 );
+
+fail:
+    if( verbose != 0 )
+        mbedtls_printf( "failed\n" );
+
+    return( ret );
 }
 
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SELF_TEST */
diff --git a/library/rsa.c b/library/rsa.c
index bdd2538..729e1f7 100644
--- a/library/rsa.c
+++ b/library/rsa.c
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
  *
  *  This file is part of mbed TLS (https://tls.mbed.org)
  */
+
 /*
  *  The following sources were referenced in the design of this implementation
  *  of the RSA algorithm:
@@ -45,6 +46,7 @@
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_C)
 
 #include "mbedtls/rsa.h"
+#include "mbedtls/rsa_internal.h"
 #include "mbedtls/oid.h"
 
 #include <string.h>
@@ -66,11 +68,394 @@
 #define mbedtls_free   free
 #endif
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_ALT)
+
 /* Implementation that should never be optimized out by the compiler */
 static void mbedtls_zeroize( void *v, size_t n ) {
     volatile unsigned char *p = (unsigned char*)v; while( n-- ) *p++ = 0;
 }
 
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_PKCS1_V15)
+/* constant-time buffer comparison */
+static inline int mbedtls_safer_memcmp( const void *a, const void *b, size_t n )
+{
+    size_t i;
+    const unsigned char *A = (const unsigned char *) a;
+    const unsigned char *B = (const unsigned char *) b;
+    unsigned char diff = 0;
+
+    for( i = 0; i < n; i++ )
+        diff |= A[i] ^ B[i];
+
+    return( diff );
+}
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_PKCS1_V15 */
+
+int mbedtls_rsa_import( mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
+                        const mbedtls_mpi *N,
+                        const mbedtls_mpi *P, const mbedtls_mpi *Q,
+                        const mbedtls_mpi *D, const mbedtls_mpi *E )
+{
+    int ret;
+
+    if( ( N != NULL && ( ret = mbedtls_mpi_copy( &ctx->N, N ) ) != 0 ) ||
+        ( P != NULL && ( ret = mbedtls_mpi_copy( &ctx->P, P ) ) != 0 ) ||
+        ( Q != NULL && ( ret = mbedtls_mpi_copy( &ctx->Q, Q ) ) != 0 ) ||
+        ( D != NULL && ( ret = mbedtls_mpi_copy( &ctx->D, D ) ) != 0 ) ||
+        ( E != NULL && ( ret = mbedtls_mpi_copy( &ctx->E, E ) ) != 0 ) )
+    {
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA + ret );
+    }
+
+    if( N != NULL )
+        ctx->len = mbedtls_mpi_size( &ctx->N );
+
+    return( 0 );
+}
+
+int mbedtls_rsa_import_raw( mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
+                            unsigned char const *N, size_t N_len,
+                            unsigned char const *P, size_t P_len,
+                            unsigned char const *Q, size_t Q_len,
+                            unsigned char const *D, size_t D_len,
+                            unsigned char const *E, size_t E_len )
+{
+    int ret = 0;
+
+    if( N != NULL )
+    {
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_read_binary( &ctx->N, N, N_len ) );
+        ctx->len = mbedtls_mpi_size( &ctx->N );
+    }
+
+    if( P != NULL )
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_read_binary( &ctx->P, P, P_len ) );
+
+    if( Q != NULL )
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_read_binary( &ctx->Q, Q, Q_len ) );
+
+    if( D != NULL )
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_read_binary( &ctx->D, D, D_len ) );
+
+    if( E != NULL )
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_read_binary( &ctx->E, E, E_len ) );
+
+cleanup:
+
+    if( ret != 0 )
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA + ret );
+
+    return( 0 );
+}
+
+/*
+ * Checks whether the context fields are set in such a way
+ * that the RSA primitives will be able to execute without error.
+ * It does *not* make guarantees for consistency of the parameters.
+ */
+static int rsa_check_context( mbedtls_rsa_context const *ctx, int is_priv,
+                              int blinding_needed )
+{
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT)
+    /* blinding_needed is only used for NO_CRT to decide whether
+     * P,Q need to be present or not. */
+    ((void) blinding_needed);
+#endif
+
+    if( ctx->len != mbedtls_mpi_size( &ctx->N ) ||
+        ctx->len > MBEDTLS_MPI_MAX_SIZE )
+    {
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * 1. Modular exponentiation needs positive, odd moduli.
+     */
+
+    /* Modular exponentiation wrt. N is always used for
+     * RSA public key operations. */
+    if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->N, 0 ) <= 0 ||
+        mbedtls_mpi_get_bit( &ctx->N, 0 ) == 0  )
+    {
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+    }
+
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT)
+    /* Modular exponentiation for P and Q is only
+     * used for private key operations and if CRT
+     * is used. */
+    if( is_priv &&
+        ( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->P, 0 ) <= 0 ||
+          mbedtls_mpi_get_bit( &ctx->P, 0 ) == 0 ||
+          mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->Q, 0 ) <= 0 ||
+          mbedtls_mpi_get_bit( &ctx->Q, 0 ) == 0  ) )
+    {
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+    }
+#endif /* !MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT */
+
+    /*
+     * 2. Exponents must be positive
+     */
+
+    /* Always need E for public key operations */
+    if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->E, 0 ) <= 0 )
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT)
+    /* For private key operations, use D or DP & DQ
+     * as (unblinded) exponents. */
+    if( is_priv && mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->D, 0 ) <= 0 )
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+#else
+    if( is_priv &&
+        ( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->DP, 0 ) <= 0 ||
+          mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->DQ, 0 ) <= 0  ) )
+    {
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+    }
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT */
+
+    /* Blinding shouldn't make exponents negative either,
+     * so check that P, Q >= 1 if that hasn't yet been
+     * done as part of 1. */
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT)
+    if( is_priv && blinding_needed &&
+        ( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->P, 0 ) <= 0 ||
+          mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->Q, 0 ) <= 0 ) )
+    {
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+    }
+#endif
+
+    /* It wouldn't lead to an error if it wasn't satisfied,
+     * but check for QP >= 1 nonetheless. */
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT)
+    if( is_priv &&
+        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->QP, 0 ) <= 0 )
+    {
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+    }
+#endif
+
+    return( 0 );
+}
+
+int mbedtls_rsa_complete( mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx )
+{
+    int ret = 0;
+
+    const int have_N = ( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->N, 0 ) != 0 );
+    const int have_P = ( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->P, 0 ) != 0 );
+    const int have_Q = ( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->Q, 0 ) != 0 );
+    const int have_D = ( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->D, 0 ) != 0 );
+    const int have_E = ( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->E, 0 ) != 0 );
+
+    /*
+     * Check whether provided parameters are enough
+     * to deduce all others. The following incomplete
+     * parameter sets for private keys are supported:
+     *
+     * (1) P, Q missing.
+     * (2) D and potentially N missing.
+     *
+     */
+
+    const int n_missing  =              have_P &&  have_Q &&  have_D && have_E;
+    const int pq_missing =   have_N && !have_P && !have_Q &&  have_D && have_E;
+    const int d_missing  =              have_P &&  have_Q && !have_D && have_E;
+    const int is_pub     =   have_N && !have_P && !have_Q && !have_D && have_E;
+
+    /* These three alternatives are mutually exclusive */
+    const int is_priv = n_missing || pq_missing || d_missing;
+
+    if( !is_priv && !is_pub )
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+
+    /*
+     * Step 1: Deduce N if P, Q are provided.
+     */
+
+    if( !have_N && have_P && have_Q )
+    {
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_mpi_mul_mpi( &ctx->N, &ctx->P,
+                                         &ctx->Q ) ) != 0 )
+        {
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA + ret );
+        }
+
+        ctx->len = mbedtls_mpi_size( &ctx->N );
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Step 2: Deduce and verify all remaining core parameters.
+     */
+
+    if( pq_missing )
+    {
+        ret = mbedtls_rsa_deduce_primes( &ctx->N, &ctx->E, &ctx->D,
+                                         &ctx->P, &ctx->Q );
+        if( ret != 0 )
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA + ret );
+
+    }
+    else if( d_missing )
+    {
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_rsa_deduce_private_exponent( &ctx->P,
+                                                         &ctx->Q,
+                                                         &ctx->E,
+                                                         &ctx->D ) ) != 0 )
+        {
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA + ret );
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Step 3: Deduce all additional parameters specific
+     *         to our current RSA implementation.
+     */
+
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT)
+    if( is_priv )
+    {
+        ret = mbedtls_rsa_deduce_crt( &ctx->P,  &ctx->Q,  &ctx->D,
+                                      &ctx->DP, &ctx->DQ, &ctx->QP );
+        if( ret != 0 )
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA + ret );
+    }
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT */
+
+    /*
+     * Step 3: Basic sanity checks
+     */
+
+    return( rsa_check_context( ctx, is_priv, 1 ) );
+}
+
+int mbedtls_rsa_export_raw( const mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
+                            unsigned char *N, size_t N_len,
+                            unsigned char *P, size_t P_len,
+                            unsigned char *Q, size_t Q_len,
+                            unsigned char *D, size_t D_len,
+                            unsigned char *E, size_t E_len )
+{
+    int ret = 0;
+
+    /* Check if key is private or public */
+    const int is_priv =
+        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->N, 0 ) != 0 &&
+        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->P, 0 ) != 0 &&
+        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->Q, 0 ) != 0 &&
+        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->D, 0 ) != 0 &&
+        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->E, 0 ) != 0;
+
+    if( !is_priv )
+    {
+        /* If we're trying to export private parameters for a public key,
+         * something must be wrong. */
+        if( P != NULL || Q != NULL || D != NULL )
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+
+    }
+
+    if( N != NULL )
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_write_binary( &ctx->N, N, N_len ) );
+
+    if( P != NULL )
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_write_binary( &ctx->P, P, P_len ) );
+
+    if( Q != NULL )
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_write_binary( &ctx->Q, Q, Q_len ) );
+
+    if( D != NULL )
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_write_binary( &ctx->D, D, D_len ) );
+
+    if( E != NULL )
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_write_binary( &ctx->E, E, E_len ) );
+
+cleanup:
+
+    return( ret );
+}
+
+int mbedtls_rsa_export( const mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
+                        mbedtls_mpi *N, mbedtls_mpi *P, mbedtls_mpi *Q,
+                        mbedtls_mpi *D, mbedtls_mpi *E )
+{
+    int ret;
+
+    /* Check if key is private or public */
+    int is_priv =
+        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->N, 0 ) != 0 &&
+        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->P, 0 ) != 0 &&
+        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->Q, 0 ) != 0 &&
+        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->D, 0 ) != 0 &&
+        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->E, 0 ) != 0;
+
+    if( !is_priv )
+    {
+        /* If we're trying to export private parameters for a public key,
+         * something must be wrong. */
+        if( P != NULL || Q != NULL || D != NULL )
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+
+    }
+
+    /* Export all requested core parameters. */
+
+    if( ( N != NULL && ( ret = mbedtls_mpi_copy( N, &ctx->N ) ) != 0 ) ||
+        ( P != NULL && ( ret = mbedtls_mpi_copy( P, &ctx->P ) ) != 0 ) ||
+        ( Q != NULL && ( ret = mbedtls_mpi_copy( Q, &ctx->Q ) ) != 0 ) ||
+        ( D != NULL && ( ret = mbedtls_mpi_copy( D, &ctx->D ) ) != 0 ) ||
+        ( E != NULL && ( ret = mbedtls_mpi_copy( E, &ctx->E ) ) != 0 ) )
+    {
+        return( ret );
+    }
+
+    return( 0 );
+}
+
+/*
+ * Export CRT parameters
+ * This must also be implemented if CRT is not used, for being able to
+ * write DER encoded RSA keys. The helper function mbedtls_rsa_deduce_crt
+ * can be used in this case.
+ */
+int mbedtls_rsa_export_crt( const mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
+                            mbedtls_mpi *DP, mbedtls_mpi *DQ, mbedtls_mpi *QP )
+{
+    int ret;
+
+    /* Check if key is private or public */
+    int is_priv =
+        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->N, 0 ) != 0 &&
+        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->P, 0 ) != 0 &&
+        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->Q, 0 ) != 0 &&
+        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->D, 0 ) != 0 &&
+        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &ctx->E, 0 ) != 0;
+
+    if( !is_priv )
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT)
+    /* Export all requested blinding parameters. */
+    if( ( DP != NULL && ( ret = mbedtls_mpi_copy( DP, &ctx->DP ) ) != 0 ) ||
+        ( DQ != NULL && ( ret = mbedtls_mpi_copy( DQ, &ctx->DQ ) ) != 0 ) ||
+        ( QP != NULL && ( ret = mbedtls_mpi_copy( QP, &ctx->QP ) ) != 0 ) )
+    {
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA + ret );
+    }
+#else
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_rsa_deduce_crt( &ctx->P, &ctx->Q, &ctx->D,
+                                        DP, DQ, QP ) ) != 0 )
+    {
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA + ret );
+    }
+#endif
+
+    return( 0 );
+}
+
 /*
  * Initialize an RSA context
  */
@@ -96,10 +481,23 @@
     ctx->hash_id = hash_id;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Get length in bytes of RSA modulus
+ */
+
+size_t mbedtls_rsa_get_len( const mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx )
+{
+    return( ctx->len );
+}
+
+
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_GENPRIME)
 
 /*
  * Generate an RSA keypair
+ *
+ * This generation method follows the RSA key pair generation procedure of
+ * FIPS 186-4 if 2^16 < exponent < 2^256 and nbits = 2048 or nbits = 3072.
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_gen_key( mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx,
                  int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t),
@@ -107,7 +505,7 @@
                  unsigned int nbits, int exponent )
 {
     int ret;
-    mbedtls_mpi P1, Q1, H, G;
+    mbedtls_mpi H, G, L;
 
     if( f_rng == NULL || nbits < 128 || exponent < 3 )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
@@ -115,56 +513,83 @@
     if( nbits % 2 )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
 
-    mbedtls_mpi_init( &P1 ); mbedtls_mpi_init( &Q1 );
-    mbedtls_mpi_init( &H ); mbedtls_mpi_init( &G );
+    mbedtls_mpi_init( &H );
+    mbedtls_mpi_init( &G );
+    mbedtls_mpi_init( &L );
 
     /*
      * find primes P and Q with Q < P so that:
-     * GCD( E, (P-1)*(Q-1) ) == 1
+     * 1.  |P-Q| > 2^( nbits / 2 - 100 )
+     * 2.  GCD( E, (P-1)*(Q-1) ) == 1
+     * 3.  E^-1 mod LCM(P-1, Q-1) > 2^( nbits / 2 )
      */
     MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_lset( &ctx->E, exponent ) );
 
     do
     {
         MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_gen_prime( &ctx->P, nbits >> 1, 0,
-                                f_rng, p_rng ) );
+                                                f_rng, p_rng ) );
 
         MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_gen_prime( &ctx->Q, nbits >> 1, 0,
-                                f_rng, p_rng ) );
+                                                f_rng, p_rng ) );
 
-        if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_mpi( &ctx->P, &ctx->Q ) == 0 )
+        /* make sure the difference between p and q is not too small (FIPS 186-4 §B.3.3 step 5.4) */
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_mpi( &H, &ctx->P, &ctx->Q ) );
+        if( mbedtls_mpi_bitlen( &H ) <= ( ( nbits >= 200 ) ? ( ( nbits >> 1 ) - 99 ) : 0 ) )
             continue;
 
-        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mul_mpi( &ctx->N, &ctx->P, &ctx->Q ) );
-        if( mbedtls_mpi_bitlen( &ctx->N ) != nbits )
-            continue;
+        /* not required by any standards, but some users rely on the fact that P > Q */
+        if( H.s < 0 )
+            mbedtls_mpi_swap( &ctx->P, &ctx->Q );
 
-        if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_mpi( &ctx->P, &ctx->Q ) < 0 )
-                                mbedtls_mpi_swap( &ctx->P, &ctx->Q );
+        /* Temporarily replace P,Q by P-1, Q-1 */
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_int( &ctx->P, &ctx->P, 1 ) );
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_int( &ctx->Q, &ctx->Q, 1 ) );
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mul_mpi( &H, &ctx->P, &ctx->Q ) );
 
-        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_int( &P1, &ctx->P, 1 ) );
-        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_int( &Q1, &ctx->Q, 1 ) );
-        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mul_mpi( &H, &P1, &Q1 ) );
+        /* check GCD( E, (P-1)*(Q-1) ) == 1 (FIPS 186-4 §B.3.1 criterion 2(a)) */
         MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_gcd( &G, &ctx->E, &H  ) );
-    }
-    while( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &G, 1 ) != 0 );
+        if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &G, 1 ) != 0 )
+            continue;
 
+        /* compute smallest possible D = E^-1 mod LCM(P-1, Q-1) (FIPS 186-4 §B.3.1 criterion 3(b)) */
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_gcd( &G, &ctx->P, &ctx->Q ) );
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_div_mpi( &L, NULL, &H, &G ) );
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_inv_mod( &ctx->D, &ctx->E, &L ) );
+
+        if( mbedtls_mpi_bitlen( &ctx->D ) <= ( ( nbits + 1 ) / 2 ) ) // (FIPS 186-4 §B.3.1 criterion 3(a))
+            continue;
+
+        break;
+    }
+    while( 1 );
+
+    /* Restore P,Q */
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_int( &ctx->P,  &ctx->P, 1 ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_int( &ctx->Q,  &ctx->Q, 1 ) );
+
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mul_mpi( &ctx->N, &ctx->P, &ctx->Q ) );
+
+    ctx->len = mbedtls_mpi_size( &ctx->N );
+
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT)
     /*
-     * D  = E^-1 mod ((P-1)*(Q-1))
      * DP = D mod (P - 1)
      * DQ = D mod (Q - 1)
      * QP = Q^-1 mod P
      */
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_inv_mod( &ctx->D , &ctx->E, &H  ) );
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mod_mpi( &ctx->DP, &ctx->D, &P1 ) );
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mod_mpi( &ctx->DQ, &ctx->D, &Q1 ) );
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_inv_mod( &ctx->QP, &ctx->Q, &ctx->P ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_rsa_deduce_crt( &ctx->P, &ctx->Q, &ctx->D,
+                                             &ctx->DP, &ctx->DQ, &ctx->QP ) );
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT */
 
-    ctx->len = ( mbedtls_mpi_bitlen( &ctx->N ) + 7 ) >> 3;
+    /* Double-check */
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_rsa_check_privkey( ctx ) );
 
 cleanup:
 
-    mbedtls_mpi_free( &P1 ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &Q1 ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &H ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &G );
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &H );
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &G );
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &L );
 
     if( ret != 0 )
     {
@@ -182,82 +607,48 @@
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_check_pubkey( const mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx )
 {
-    if( !ctx->N.p || !ctx->E.p )
+    if( rsa_check_context( ctx, 0 /* public */, 0 /* no blinding */ ) != 0 )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_KEY_CHECK_FAILED );
 
-    if( ( ctx->N.p[0] & 1 ) == 0 ||
-        ( ctx->E.p[0] & 1 ) == 0 )
+    if( mbedtls_mpi_bitlen( &ctx->N ) < 128 )
+    {
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_KEY_CHECK_FAILED );
+    }
 
-    if( mbedtls_mpi_bitlen( &ctx->N ) < 128 ||
-        mbedtls_mpi_bitlen( &ctx->N ) > MBEDTLS_MPI_MAX_BITS )
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_KEY_CHECK_FAILED );
-
-    if( mbedtls_mpi_bitlen( &ctx->E ) < 2 ||
+    if( mbedtls_mpi_get_bit( &ctx->E, 0 ) == 0 ||
+        mbedtls_mpi_bitlen( &ctx->E )     < 2  ||
         mbedtls_mpi_cmp_mpi( &ctx->E, &ctx->N ) >= 0 )
+    {
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_KEY_CHECK_FAILED );
+    }
 
     return( 0 );
 }
 
 /*
- * Check a private RSA key
+ * Check for the consistency of all fields in an RSA private key context
  */
 int mbedtls_rsa_check_privkey( const mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx )
 {
-    int ret;
-    mbedtls_mpi PQ, DE, P1, Q1, H, I, G, G2, L1, L2, DP, DQ, QP;
-
-    if( ( ret = mbedtls_rsa_check_pubkey( ctx ) ) != 0 )
-        return( ret );
-
-    if( !ctx->P.p || !ctx->Q.p || !ctx->D.p )
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_KEY_CHECK_FAILED );
-
-    mbedtls_mpi_init( &PQ ); mbedtls_mpi_init( &DE ); mbedtls_mpi_init( &P1 ); mbedtls_mpi_init( &Q1 );
-    mbedtls_mpi_init( &H  ); mbedtls_mpi_init( &I  ); mbedtls_mpi_init( &G  ); mbedtls_mpi_init( &G2 );
-    mbedtls_mpi_init( &L1 ); mbedtls_mpi_init( &L2 ); mbedtls_mpi_init( &DP ); mbedtls_mpi_init( &DQ );
-    mbedtls_mpi_init( &QP );
-
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mul_mpi( &PQ, &ctx->P, &ctx->Q ) );
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mul_mpi( &DE, &ctx->D, &ctx->E ) );
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_int( &P1, &ctx->P, 1 ) );
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_int( &Q1, &ctx->Q, 1 ) );
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mul_mpi( &H, &P1, &Q1 ) );
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_gcd( &G, &ctx->E, &H  ) );
-
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_gcd( &G2, &P1, &Q1 ) );
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_div_mpi( &L1, &L2, &H, &G2 ) );
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mod_mpi( &I, &DE, &L1  ) );
-
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mod_mpi( &DP, &ctx->D, &P1 ) );
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mod_mpi( &DQ, &ctx->D, &Q1 ) );
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_inv_mod( &QP, &ctx->Q, &ctx->P ) );
-    /*
-     * Check for a valid PKCS1v2 private key
-     */
-    if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_mpi( &PQ, &ctx->N ) != 0 ||
-        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_mpi( &DP, &ctx->DP ) != 0 ||
-        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_mpi( &DQ, &ctx->DQ ) != 0 ||
-        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_mpi( &QP, &ctx->QP ) != 0 ||
-        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &L2, 0 ) != 0 ||
-        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &I, 1 ) != 0 ||
-        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &G, 1 ) != 0 )
+    if( mbedtls_rsa_check_pubkey( ctx ) != 0 ||
+        rsa_check_context( ctx, 1 /* private */, 1 /* blinding */ ) != 0 )
     {
-        ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_KEY_CHECK_FAILED;
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_KEY_CHECK_FAILED );
     }
 
-cleanup:
-    mbedtls_mpi_free( &PQ ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &DE ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &P1 ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &Q1 );
-    mbedtls_mpi_free( &H  ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &I  ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &G  ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &G2 );
-    mbedtls_mpi_free( &L1 ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &L2 ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &DP ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &DQ );
-    mbedtls_mpi_free( &QP );
+    if( mbedtls_rsa_validate_params( &ctx->N, &ctx->P, &ctx->Q,
+                                     &ctx->D, &ctx->E, NULL, NULL ) != 0 )
+    {
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_KEY_CHECK_FAILED );
+    }
 
-    if( ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_KEY_CHECK_FAILED )
-        return( ret );
-
-    if( ret != 0 )
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_KEY_CHECK_FAILED + ret );
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT)
+    else if( mbedtls_rsa_validate_crt( &ctx->P, &ctx->Q, &ctx->D,
+                                       &ctx->DP, &ctx->DQ, &ctx->QP ) != 0 )
+    {
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_KEY_CHECK_FAILED );
+    }
+#endif
 
     return( 0 );
 }
@@ -265,9 +656,10 @@
 /*
  * Check if contexts holding a public and private key match
  */
-int mbedtls_rsa_check_pub_priv( const mbedtls_rsa_context *pub, const mbedtls_rsa_context *prv )
+int mbedtls_rsa_check_pub_priv( const mbedtls_rsa_context *pub,
+                                const mbedtls_rsa_context *prv )
 {
-    if( mbedtls_rsa_check_pubkey( pub ) != 0 ||
+    if( mbedtls_rsa_check_pubkey( pub )  != 0 ||
         mbedtls_rsa_check_privkey( prv ) != 0 )
     {
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_KEY_CHECK_FAILED );
@@ -293,6 +685,9 @@
     size_t olen;
     mbedtls_mpi T;
 
+    if( rsa_check_context( ctx, 0 /* public */, 0 /* no blinding */ ) )
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+
     mbedtls_mpi_init( &T );
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_THREADING_C)
@@ -398,24 +793,56 @@
 {
     int ret;
     size_t olen;
-    mbedtls_mpi T, T1, T2;
+
+    /* Temporary holding the result */
+    mbedtls_mpi T;
+
+    /* Temporaries holding P-1, Q-1 and the
+     * exponent blinding factor, respectively. */
     mbedtls_mpi P1, Q1, R;
-#if defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT)
-    mbedtls_mpi D_blind;
-    mbedtls_mpi *D = &ctx->D;
-#else
+
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT)
+    /* Temporaries holding the results mod p resp. mod q. */
+    mbedtls_mpi TP, TQ;
+
+    /* Temporaries holding the blinded exponents for
+     * the mod p resp. mod q computation (if used). */
     mbedtls_mpi DP_blind, DQ_blind;
+
+    /* Pointers to actual exponents to be used - either the unblinded
+     * or the blinded ones, depending on the presence of a PRNG. */
     mbedtls_mpi *DP = &ctx->DP;
     mbedtls_mpi *DQ = &ctx->DQ;
+#else
+    /* Temporary holding the blinded exponent (if used). */
+    mbedtls_mpi D_blind;
+
+    /* Pointer to actual exponent to be used - either the unblinded
+     * or the blinded one, depending on the presence of a PRNG. */
+    mbedtls_mpi *D = &ctx->D;
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT */
+
+    /* Temporaries holding the initial input and the double
+     * checked result; should be the same in the end. */
+    mbedtls_mpi I, C;
+
+    if( rsa_check_context( ctx, 1             /* private key checks */,
+                                f_rng != NULL /* blinding y/n       */ ) != 0 )
+    {
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+    }
+
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_THREADING_C)
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_mutex_lock( &ctx->mutex ) ) != 0 )
+        return( ret );
 #endif
 
-    /* Make sure we have private key info, prevent possible misuse */
-    if( ctx->P.p == NULL || ctx->Q.p == NULL || ctx->D.p == NULL )
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+    /* MPI Initialization */
+    mbedtls_mpi_init( &T );
 
-    mbedtls_mpi_init( &T ); mbedtls_mpi_init( &T1 ); mbedtls_mpi_init( &T2 );
-    mbedtls_mpi_init( &P1 ); mbedtls_mpi_init( &Q1 ); mbedtls_mpi_init( &R );
-
+    mbedtls_mpi_init( &P1 );
+    mbedtls_mpi_init( &Q1 );
+    mbedtls_mpi_init( &R );
 
     if( f_rng != NULL )
     {
@@ -427,12 +854,15 @@
 #endif
     }
 
-
-#if defined(MBEDTLS_THREADING_C)
-    if( ( ret = mbedtls_mutex_lock( &ctx->mutex ) ) != 0 )
-        return( ret );
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT)
+    mbedtls_mpi_init( &TP ); mbedtls_mpi_init( &TQ );
 #endif
 
+    mbedtls_mpi_init( &I );
+    mbedtls_mpi_init( &C );
+
+    /* End of MPI initialization */
+
     MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_read_binary( &T, input, ctx->len ) );
     if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_mpi( &T, &ctx->N ) >= 0 )
     {
@@ -440,6 +870,8 @@
         goto cleanup;
     }
 
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_copy( &I, &T ) );
+
     if( f_rng != NULL )
     {
         /*
@@ -498,24 +930,25 @@
     /*
      * Faster decryption using the CRT
      *
-     * T1 = input ^ dP mod P
-     * T2 = input ^ dQ mod Q
+     * TP = input ^ dP mod P
+     * TQ = input ^ dQ mod Q
      */
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_exp_mod( &T1, &T, DP, &ctx->P, &ctx->RP ) );
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_exp_mod( &T2, &T, DQ, &ctx->Q, &ctx->RQ ) );
+
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_exp_mod( &TP, &T, DP, &ctx->P, &ctx->RP ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_exp_mod( &TQ, &T, DQ, &ctx->Q, &ctx->RQ ) );
 
     /*
-     * T = (T1 - T2) * (Q^-1 mod P) mod P
+     * T = (TP - TQ) * (Q^-1 mod P) mod P
      */
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_mpi( &T, &T1, &T2 ) );
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mul_mpi( &T1, &T, &ctx->QP ) );
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mod_mpi( &T, &T1, &ctx->P ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_mpi( &T, &TP, &TQ ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mul_mpi( &TP, &T, &ctx->QP ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mod_mpi( &T, &TP, &ctx->P ) );
 
     /*
-     * T = T2 + T * Q
+     * T = TQ + T * Q
      */
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mul_mpi( &T1, &T, &ctx->Q ) );
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_mpi( &T, &T2, &T1 ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mul_mpi( &TP, &T, &ctx->Q ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_mpi( &T, &TQ, &TP ) );
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT */
 
     if( f_rng != NULL )
@@ -528,6 +961,15 @@
         MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mod_mpi( &T, &T, &ctx->N ) );
     }
 
+    /* Verify the result to prevent glitching attacks. */
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_exp_mod( &C, &T, &ctx->E,
+                                          &ctx->N, &ctx->RN ) );
+    if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_mpi( &C, &I ) != 0 )
+    {
+        ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_VERIFY_FAILED;
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
     olen = ctx->len;
     MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_write_binary( &T, output, olen ) );
 
@@ -537,8 +979,9 @@
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_THREADING_MUTEX_ERROR );
 #endif
 
-    mbedtls_mpi_free( &T ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &T1 ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &T2 );
-    mbedtls_mpi_free( &P1 ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &Q1 ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &R );
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &P1 );
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &Q1 );
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &R );
 
     if( f_rng != NULL )
     {
@@ -550,6 +993,15 @@
 #endif
     }
 
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &T );
+
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT)
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &TP ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &TQ );
+#endif
+
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &C );
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &I );
+
     if( ret != 0 )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_PRIVATE_FAILED + ret );
 
@@ -566,7 +1018,7 @@
  * \param slen      length of the source buffer
  * \param md_ctx    message digest context to use
  */
-static void mgf_mask( unsigned char *dst, size_t dlen, unsigned char *src,
+static int mgf_mask( unsigned char *dst, size_t dlen, unsigned char *src,
                       size_t slen, mbedtls_md_context_t *md_ctx )
 {
     unsigned char mask[MBEDTLS_MD_MAX_SIZE];
@@ -574,6 +1026,7 @@
     unsigned char *p;
     unsigned int hlen;
     size_t i, use_len;
+    int ret = 0;
 
     memset( mask, 0, MBEDTLS_MD_MAX_SIZE );
     memset( counter, 0, 4 );
@@ -589,10 +1042,14 @@
         if( dlen < hlen )
             use_len = dlen;
 
-        mbedtls_md_starts( md_ctx );
-        mbedtls_md_update( md_ctx, src, slen );
-        mbedtls_md_update( md_ctx, counter, 4 );
-        mbedtls_md_finish( md_ctx, mask );
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_md_starts( md_ctx ) ) != 0 )
+            goto exit;
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_md_update( md_ctx, src, slen ) ) != 0 )
+            goto exit;
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_md_update( md_ctx, counter, 4 ) ) != 0 )
+            goto exit;
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_md_finish( md_ctx, mask ) ) != 0 )
+            goto exit;
 
         for( i = 0; i < use_len; ++i )
             *p++ ^= mask[i];
@@ -602,7 +1059,10 @@
         dlen -= use_len;
     }
 
+exit:
     mbedtls_zeroize( mask, sizeof( mask ) );
+
+    return( ret );
 }
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_PKCS1_V21 */
 
@@ -654,7 +1114,8 @@
     p += hlen;
 
     /* Construct DB */
-    mbedtls_md( md_info, label, label_len, p );
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md( md_info, label, label_len, p ) ) != 0 )
+        return( ret );
     p += hlen;
     p += olen - 2 * hlen - 2 - ilen;
     *p++ = 1;
@@ -662,21 +1123,24 @@
 
     mbedtls_md_init( &md_ctx );
     if( ( ret = mbedtls_md_setup( &md_ctx, md_info, 0 ) ) != 0 )
-    {
-        mbedtls_md_free( &md_ctx );
-        return( ret );
-    }
+        goto exit;
 
     /* maskedDB: Apply dbMask to DB */
-    mgf_mask( output + hlen + 1, olen - hlen - 1, output + 1, hlen,
-               &md_ctx );
+    if( ( ret = mgf_mask( output + hlen + 1, olen - hlen - 1, output + 1, hlen,
+                          &md_ctx ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
 
     /* maskedSeed: Apply seedMask to seed */
-    mgf_mask( output + 1, hlen, output + hlen + 1, olen - hlen - 1,
-               &md_ctx );
+    if( ( ret = mgf_mask( output + 1, hlen, output + hlen + 1, olen - hlen - 1,
+                          &md_ctx ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
 
+exit:
     mbedtls_md_free( &md_ctx );
 
+    if( ret != 0 )
+        return( ret );
+
     return( ( mode == MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC )
             ? mbedtls_rsa_public(  ctx, output, output )
             : mbedtls_rsa_private( ctx, f_rng, p_rng, output, output ) );
@@ -843,20 +1307,23 @@
         goto cleanup;
     }
 
-
-    /* Generate lHash */
-    mbedtls_md( md_info, label, label_len, lhash );
-
     /* seed: Apply seedMask to maskedSeed */
-    mgf_mask( buf + 1, hlen, buf + hlen + 1, ilen - hlen - 1,
-               &md_ctx );
-
+    if( ( ret = mgf_mask( buf + 1, hlen, buf + hlen + 1, ilen - hlen - 1,
+                          &md_ctx ) ) != 0 ||
     /* DB: Apply dbMask to maskedDB */
-    mgf_mask( buf + hlen + 1, ilen - hlen - 1, buf + 1, hlen,
-               &md_ctx );
+        ( ret = mgf_mask( buf + hlen + 1, ilen - hlen - 1, buf + 1, hlen,
+                          &md_ctx ) ) != 0 )
+    {
+        mbedtls_md_free( &md_ctx );
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
 
     mbedtls_md_free( &md_ctx );
 
+    /* Generate lHash */
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md( md_info, label, label_len, lhash ) ) != 0 )
+        goto cleanup;
+
     /*
      * Check contents, in "constant-time"
      */
@@ -1107,28 +1574,28 @@
 
     mbedtls_md_init( &md_ctx );
     if( ( ret = mbedtls_md_setup( &md_ctx, md_info, 0 ) ) != 0 )
-    {
-        mbedtls_md_free( &md_ctx );
-        /* No need to zeroize salt: we didn't use it. */
-        return( ret );
-    }
+        goto exit;
 
     /* Generate H = Hash( M' ) */
-    mbedtls_md_starts( &md_ctx );
-    mbedtls_md_update( &md_ctx, p, 8 );
-    mbedtls_md_update( &md_ctx, hash, hashlen );
-    mbedtls_md_update( &md_ctx, salt, slen );
-    mbedtls_md_finish( &md_ctx, p );
-    mbedtls_zeroize( salt, sizeof( salt ) );
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md_starts( &md_ctx ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md_update( &md_ctx, p, 8 ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md_update( &md_ctx, hash, hashlen ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md_update( &md_ctx, salt, slen ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md_finish( &md_ctx, p ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
 
     /* Compensate for boundary condition when applying mask */
     if( msb % 8 == 0 )
         offset = 1;
 
     /* maskedDB: Apply dbMask to DB */
-    mgf_mask( sig + offset, olen - hlen - 1 - offset, p, hlen, &md_ctx );
-
-    mbedtls_md_free( &md_ctx );
+    if( ( ret = mgf_mask( sig + offset, olen - hlen - 1 - offset, p, hlen,
+                          &md_ctx ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
 
     msb = mbedtls_mpi_bitlen( &ctx->N ) - 1;
     sig[0] &= 0xFF >> ( olen * 8 - msb );
@@ -1136,6 +1603,14 @@
     p += hlen;
     *p++ = 0xBC;
 
+    mbedtls_zeroize( salt, sizeof( salt ) );
+
+exit:
+    mbedtls_md_free( &md_ctx );
+
+    if( ret != 0 )
+        return( ret );
+
     return( ( mode == MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC )
             ? mbedtls_rsa_public(  ctx, sig, sig )
             : mbedtls_rsa_private( ctx, f_rng, p_rng, sig, sig ) );
@@ -1146,6 +1621,137 @@
 /*
  * Implementation of the PKCS#1 v2.1 RSASSA-PKCS1-V1_5-SIGN function
  */
+
+/* Construct a PKCS v1.5 encoding of a hashed message
+ *
+ * This is used both for signature generation and verification.
+ *
+ * Parameters:
+ * - md_alg:  Identifies the hash algorithm used to generate the given hash;
+ *            MBEDTLS_MD_NONE if raw data is signed.
+ * - hashlen: Length of hash in case hashlen is MBEDTLS_MD_NONE.
+ * - hash:    Buffer containing the hashed message or the raw data.
+ * - dst_len: Length of the encoded message.
+ * - dst:     Buffer to hold the encoded message.
+ *
+ * Assumptions:
+ * - hash has size hashlen if md_alg == MBEDTLS_MD_NONE.
+ * - hash has size corresponding to md_alg if md_alg != MBEDTLS_MD_NONE.
+ * - dst points to a buffer of size at least dst_len.
+ *
+ */
+static int rsa_rsassa_pkcs1_v15_encode( mbedtls_md_type_t md_alg,
+                                        unsigned int hashlen,
+                                        const unsigned char *hash,
+                                        size_t dst_len,
+                                        unsigned char *dst )
+{
+    size_t oid_size  = 0;
+    size_t nb_pad    = dst_len;
+    unsigned char *p = dst;
+    const char *oid  = NULL;
+
+    /* Are we signing hashed or raw data? */
+    if( md_alg != MBEDTLS_MD_NONE )
+    {
+        const mbedtls_md_info_t *md_info = mbedtls_md_info_from_type( md_alg );
+        if( md_info == NULL )
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+
+        if( mbedtls_oid_get_oid_by_md( md_alg, &oid, &oid_size ) != 0 )
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+
+        hashlen = mbedtls_md_get_size( md_info );
+
+        /* Double-check that 8 + hashlen + oid_size can be used as a
+         * 1-byte ASN.1 length encoding and that there's no overflow. */
+        if( 8 + hashlen + oid_size  >= 0x80         ||
+            10 + hashlen            <  hashlen      ||
+            10 + hashlen + oid_size <  10 + hashlen )
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+
+        /*
+         * Static bounds check:
+         * - Need 10 bytes for five tag-length pairs.
+         *   (Insist on 1-byte length encodings to protect against variants of
+         *    Bleichenbacher's forgery attack against lax PKCS#1v1.5 verification)
+         * - Need hashlen bytes for hash
+         * - Need oid_size bytes for hash alg OID.
+         */
+        if( nb_pad < 10 + hashlen + oid_size )
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+        nb_pad -= 10 + hashlen + oid_size;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if( nb_pad < hashlen )
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+
+        nb_pad -= hashlen;
+    }
+
+    /* Need space for signature header and padding delimiter (3 bytes),
+     * and 8 bytes for the minimal padding */
+    if( nb_pad < 3 + 8 )
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+    nb_pad -= 3;
+
+    /* Now nb_pad is the amount of memory to be filled
+     * with padding, and at least 8 bytes long. */
+
+    /* Write signature header and padding */
+    *p++ = 0;
+    *p++ = MBEDTLS_RSA_SIGN;
+    memset( p, 0xFF, nb_pad );
+    p += nb_pad;
+    *p++ = 0;
+
+    /* Are we signing raw data? */
+    if( md_alg == MBEDTLS_MD_NONE )
+    {
+        memcpy( p, hash, hashlen );
+        return( 0 );
+    }
+
+    /* Signing hashed data, add corresponding ASN.1 structure
+     *
+     * DigestInfo ::= SEQUENCE {
+     *   digestAlgorithm DigestAlgorithmIdentifier,
+     *   digest Digest }
+     * DigestAlgorithmIdentifier ::= AlgorithmIdentifier
+     * Digest ::= OCTET STRING
+     *
+     * Schematic:
+     * TAG-SEQ + LEN [ TAG-SEQ + LEN [ TAG-OID  + LEN [ OID  ]
+     *                                 TAG-NULL + LEN [ NULL ] ]
+     *                 TAG-OCTET + LEN [ HASH ] ]
+     */
+    *p++ = MBEDTLS_ASN1_SEQUENCE | MBEDTLS_ASN1_CONSTRUCTED;
+    *p++ = (unsigned char)( 0x08 + oid_size + hashlen );
+    *p++ = MBEDTLS_ASN1_SEQUENCE | MBEDTLS_ASN1_CONSTRUCTED;
+    *p++ = (unsigned char)( 0x04 + oid_size );
+    *p++ = MBEDTLS_ASN1_OID;
+    *p++ = (unsigned char) oid_size;
+    memcpy( p, oid, oid_size );
+    p += oid_size;
+    *p++ = MBEDTLS_ASN1_NULL;
+    *p++ = 0x00;
+    *p++ = MBEDTLS_ASN1_OCTET_STRING;
+    *p++ = (unsigned char) hashlen;
+    memcpy( p, hash, hashlen );
+    p += hashlen;
+
+    /* Just a sanity-check, should be automatic
+     * after the initial bounds check. */
+    if( p != dst + dst_len )
+    {
+        mbedtls_zeroize( dst, dst_len );
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+    }
+
+    return( 0 );
+}
+
 /*
  * Do an RSA operation to sign the message digest
  */
@@ -1158,88 +1764,41 @@
                                const unsigned char *hash,
                                unsigned char *sig )
 {
-    size_t nb_pad, olen, oid_size = 0;
-    unsigned char *p = sig;
-    const char *oid = NULL;
-    unsigned char *sig_try = NULL, *verif = NULL;
-    size_t i;
-    unsigned char diff;
-    volatile unsigned char diff_no_optimize;
     int ret;
+    unsigned char *sig_try = NULL, *verif = NULL;
 
     if( mode == MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE && ctx->padding != MBEDTLS_RSA_PKCS_V15 )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
 
-    olen = ctx->len;
-    nb_pad = olen - 3;
+    /*
+     * Prepare PKCS1-v1.5 encoding (padding and hash identifier)
+     */
 
-    if( md_alg != MBEDTLS_MD_NONE )
-    {
-        const mbedtls_md_info_t *md_info = mbedtls_md_info_from_type( md_alg );
-        if( md_info == NULL )
-            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
-
-        if( mbedtls_oid_get_oid_by_md( md_alg, &oid, &oid_size ) != 0 )
-            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
-
-        nb_pad -= 10 + oid_size;
-
-        hashlen = mbedtls_md_get_size( md_info );
-    }
-
-    nb_pad -= hashlen;
-
-    if( ( nb_pad < 8 ) || ( nb_pad > olen ) )
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
-
-    *p++ = 0;
-    *p++ = MBEDTLS_RSA_SIGN;
-    memset( p, 0xFF, nb_pad );
-    p += nb_pad;
-    *p++ = 0;
-
-    if( md_alg == MBEDTLS_MD_NONE )
-    {
-        memcpy( p, hash, hashlen );
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        /*
-         * DigestInfo ::= SEQUENCE {
-         *   digestAlgorithm DigestAlgorithmIdentifier,
-         *   digest Digest }
-         *
-         * DigestAlgorithmIdentifier ::= AlgorithmIdentifier
-         *
-         * Digest ::= OCTET STRING
-         */
-        *p++ = MBEDTLS_ASN1_SEQUENCE | MBEDTLS_ASN1_CONSTRUCTED;
-        *p++ = (unsigned char) ( 0x08 + oid_size + hashlen );
-        *p++ = MBEDTLS_ASN1_SEQUENCE | MBEDTLS_ASN1_CONSTRUCTED;
-        *p++ = (unsigned char) ( 0x04 + oid_size );
-        *p++ = MBEDTLS_ASN1_OID;
-        *p++ = oid_size & 0xFF;
-        memcpy( p, oid, oid_size );
-        p += oid_size;
-        *p++ = MBEDTLS_ASN1_NULL;
-        *p++ = 0x00;
-        *p++ = MBEDTLS_ASN1_OCTET_STRING;
-        *p++ = hashlen;
-        memcpy( p, hash, hashlen );
-    }
-
-    if( mode == MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC )
-        return( mbedtls_rsa_public(  ctx, sig, sig ) );
+    if( ( ret = rsa_rsassa_pkcs1_v15_encode( md_alg, hashlen, hash,
+                                             ctx->len, sig ) ) != 0 )
+        return( ret );
 
     /*
+     * Call respective RSA primitive
+     */
+
+    if( mode == MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC )
+    {
+        /* Skip verification on a public key operation */
+        return( mbedtls_rsa_public( ctx, sig, sig ) );
+    }
+
+    /* Private key operation
+     *
      * In order to prevent Lenstra's attack, make the signature in a
      * temporary buffer and check it before returning it.
      */
+
     sig_try = mbedtls_calloc( 1, ctx->len );
     if( sig_try == NULL )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_ALLOC_FAILED );
 
-    verif   = mbedtls_calloc( 1, ctx->len );
+    verif = mbedtls_calloc( 1, ctx->len );
     if( verif == NULL )
     {
         mbedtls_free( sig_try );
@@ -1249,12 +1808,7 @@
     MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_rsa_private( ctx, f_rng, p_rng, sig, sig_try ) );
     MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_rsa_public( ctx, sig_try, verif ) );
 
-    /* Compare in constant time just in case */
-    for( diff = 0, i = 0; i < ctx->len; i++ )
-        diff |= verif[i] ^ sig[i];
-    diff_no_optimize = diff;
-
-    if( diff_no_optimize != 0 )
+    if( mbedtls_safer_memcmp( verif, sig, ctx->len ) != 0 )
     {
         ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_PRIVATE_FAILED;
         goto cleanup;
@@ -1319,10 +1873,11 @@
     int ret;
     size_t siglen;
     unsigned char *p;
+    unsigned char *hash_start;
     unsigned char result[MBEDTLS_MD_MAX_SIZE];
     unsigned char zeros[8];
     unsigned int hlen;
-    size_t slen, msb;
+    size_t observed_salt_len, msb;
     const mbedtls_md_info_t *md_info;
     mbedtls_md_context_t md_ctx;
     unsigned char buf[MBEDTLS_MPI_MAX_SIZE];
@@ -1362,7 +1917,6 @@
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
 
     hlen = mbedtls_md_get_size( md_info );
-    slen = siglen - hlen - 1; /* Currently length of salt + padding */
 
     memset( zeros, 0, 8 );
 
@@ -1371,61 +1925,77 @@
      */
     msb = mbedtls_mpi_bitlen( &ctx->N ) - 1;
 
+    if( buf[0] >> ( 8 - siglen * 8 + msb ) )
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+
     /* Compensate for boundary condition when applying mask */
     if( msb % 8 == 0 )
     {
         p++;
         siglen -= 1;
     }
-    if( buf[0] >> ( 8 - siglen * 8 + msb ) )
+
+    if( siglen < hlen + 2 )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+    hash_start = p + siglen - hlen - 1;
 
     mbedtls_md_init( &md_ctx );
     if( ( ret = mbedtls_md_setup( &md_ctx, md_info, 0 ) ) != 0 )
-    {
-        mbedtls_md_free( &md_ctx );
-        return( ret );
-    }
+        goto exit;
 
-    mgf_mask( p, siglen - hlen - 1, p + siglen - hlen - 1, hlen, &md_ctx );
+    ret = mgf_mask( p, siglen - hlen - 1, hash_start, hlen, &md_ctx );
+    if( ret != 0 )
+        goto exit;
 
     buf[0] &= 0xFF >> ( siglen * 8 - msb );
 
-    while( p < buf + siglen && *p == 0 )
+    while( p < hash_start - 1 && *p == 0 )
         p++;
 
-    if( p == buf + siglen ||
-        *p++ != 0x01 )
+    if( *p++ != 0x01 )
     {
-        mbedtls_md_free( &md_ctx );
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_INVALID_PADDING );
+        ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_INVALID_PADDING;
+        goto exit;
     }
 
-    /* Actual salt len */
-    slen -= p - buf;
+    observed_salt_len = hash_start - p;
 
     if( expected_salt_len != MBEDTLS_RSA_SALT_LEN_ANY &&
-        slen != (size_t) expected_salt_len )
+        observed_salt_len != (size_t) expected_salt_len )
     {
-        mbedtls_md_free( &md_ctx );
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_INVALID_PADDING );
+        ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_INVALID_PADDING;
+        goto exit;
     }
 
     /*
      * Generate H = Hash( M' )
      */
-    mbedtls_md_starts( &md_ctx );
-    mbedtls_md_update( &md_ctx, zeros, 8 );
-    mbedtls_md_update( &md_ctx, hash, hashlen );
-    mbedtls_md_update( &md_ctx, p, slen );
-    mbedtls_md_finish( &md_ctx, result );
+    ret = mbedtls_md_starts( &md_ctx );
+    if ( ret != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+    ret = mbedtls_md_update( &md_ctx, zeros, 8 );
+    if ( ret != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+    ret = mbedtls_md_update( &md_ctx, hash, hashlen );
+    if ( ret != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+    ret = mbedtls_md_update( &md_ctx, p, observed_salt_len );
+    if ( ret != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+    ret = mbedtls_md_finish( &md_ctx, result );
+    if ( ret != 0 )
+        goto exit;
 
+    if( memcmp( hash_start, result, hlen ) != 0 )
+    {
+        ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_VERIFY_FAILED;
+        goto exit;
+    }
+
+exit:
     mbedtls_md_free( &md_ctx );
 
-    if( memcmp( p + slen, result, hlen ) == 0 )
-        return( 0 );
-    else
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_VERIFY_FAILED );
+    return( ret );
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1465,121 +2035,64 @@
                                  const unsigned char *hash,
                                  const unsigned char *sig )
 {
-    int ret;
-    size_t len, siglen, asn1_len;
-    unsigned char *p, *p0, *end;
-    mbedtls_md_type_t msg_md_alg;
-    const mbedtls_md_info_t *md_info;
-    mbedtls_asn1_buf oid;
-    unsigned char buf[MBEDTLS_MPI_MAX_SIZE];
+    int ret = 0;
+    const size_t sig_len = ctx->len;
+    unsigned char *encoded = NULL, *encoded_expected = NULL;
 
     if( mode == MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE && ctx->padding != MBEDTLS_RSA_PKCS_V15 )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
 
-    siglen = ctx->len;
+    /*
+     * Prepare expected PKCS1 v1.5 encoding of hash.
+     */
 
-    if( siglen < 16 || siglen > sizeof( buf ) )
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+    if( ( encoded          = mbedtls_calloc( 1, sig_len ) ) == NULL ||
+        ( encoded_expected = mbedtls_calloc( 1, sig_len ) ) == NULL )
+    {
+        ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_ALLOC_FAILED;
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    if( ( ret = rsa_rsassa_pkcs1_v15_encode( md_alg, hashlen, hash, sig_len,
+                                             encoded_expected ) ) != 0 )
+        goto cleanup;
+
+    /*
+     * Apply RSA primitive to get what should be PKCS1 encoded hash.
+     */
 
     ret = ( mode == MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC )
-          ? mbedtls_rsa_public(  ctx, sig, buf )
-          : mbedtls_rsa_private( ctx, f_rng, p_rng, sig, buf );
-
+          ? mbedtls_rsa_public(  ctx, sig, encoded )
+          : mbedtls_rsa_private( ctx, f_rng, p_rng, sig, encoded );
     if( ret != 0 )
-        return( ret );
-
-    p = buf;
-
-    if( *p++ != 0 || *p++ != MBEDTLS_RSA_SIGN )
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_INVALID_PADDING );
-
-    while( *p != 0 )
-    {
-        if( p >= buf + siglen - 1 || *p != 0xFF )
-            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_INVALID_PADDING );
-        p++;
-    }
-    p++; /* skip 00 byte */
-
-    /* We've read: 00 01 PS 00 where PS must be at least 8 bytes */
-    if( p - buf < 11 )
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_INVALID_PADDING );
-
-    len = siglen - ( p - buf );
-
-    if( len == hashlen && md_alg == MBEDTLS_MD_NONE )
-    {
-        if( memcmp( p, hash, hashlen ) == 0 )
-            return( 0 );
-        else
-            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_VERIFY_FAILED );
-    }
-
-    md_info = mbedtls_md_info_from_type( md_alg );
-    if( md_info == NULL )
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
-    hashlen = mbedtls_md_get_size( md_info );
-
-    end = p + len;
+        goto cleanup;
 
     /*
-     * Parse the ASN.1 structure inside the PKCS#1 v1.5 structure.
-     * Insist on 2-byte length tags, to protect against variants of
-     * Bleichenbacher's forgery attack against lax PKCS#1v1.5 verification.
+     * Compare
      */
-    p0 = p;
-    if( ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_tag( &p, end, &asn1_len,
-            MBEDTLS_ASN1_CONSTRUCTED | MBEDTLS_ASN1_SEQUENCE ) ) != 0 )
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_VERIFY_FAILED );
-    if( p != p0 + 2 || asn1_len + 2 != len )
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_VERIFY_FAILED );
 
-    p0 = p;
-    if( ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_tag( &p, end, &asn1_len,
-            MBEDTLS_ASN1_CONSTRUCTED | MBEDTLS_ASN1_SEQUENCE ) ) != 0 )
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_VERIFY_FAILED );
-    if( p != p0 + 2 || asn1_len + 6 + hashlen != len )
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_VERIFY_FAILED );
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_safer_memcmp( encoded, encoded_expected,
+                                      sig_len ) ) != 0 )
+    {
+        ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_VERIFY_FAILED;
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
 
-    p0 = p;
-    if( ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_tag( &p, end, &oid.len, MBEDTLS_ASN1_OID ) ) != 0 )
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_VERIFY_FAILED );
-    if( p != p0 + 2 )
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_VERIFY_FAILED );
+cleanup:
 
-    oid.p = p;
-    p += oid.len;
+    if( encoded != NULL )
+    {
+        mbedtls_zeroize( encoded, sig_len );
+        mbedtls_free( encoded );
+    }
 
-    if( mbedtls_oid_get_md_alg( &oid, &msg_md_alg ) != 0 )
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_VERIFY_FAILED );
+    if( encoded_expected != NULL )
+    {
+        mbedtls_zeroize( encoded_expected, sig_len );
+        mbedtls_free( encoded_expected );
+    }
 
-    if( md_alg != msg_md_alg )
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_VERIFY_FAILED );
-
-    /*
-     * assume the algorithm parameters must be NULL
-     */
-    p0 = p;
-    if( ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_tag( &p, end, &asn1_len, MBEDTLS_ASN1_NULL ) ) != 0 )
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_VERIFY_FAILED );
-    if( p != p0 + 2 )
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_VERIFY_FAILED );
-
-    p0 = p;
-    if( ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_tag( &p, end, &asn1_len, MBEDTLS_ASN1_OCTET_STRING ) ) != 0 )
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_VERIFY_FAILED );
-    if( p != p0 + 2 || asn1_len != hashlen )
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_VERIFY_FAILED );
-
-    if( memcmp( p, hash, hashlen ) != 0 )
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_VERIFY_FAILED );
-
-    p += hashlen;
-
-    if( p != end )
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_VERIFY_FAILED );
-
-    return( 0 );
+    return( ret );
 }
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_PKCS1_V15 */
 
@@ -1630,13 +2143,16 @@
     MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_copy( &dst->D, &src->D ) );
     MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_copy( &dst->P, &src->P ) );
     MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_copy( &dst->Q, &src->Q ) );
+
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT)
     MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_copy( &dst->DP, &src->DP ) );
     MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_copy( &dst->DQ, &src->DQ ) );
     MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_copy( &dst->QP, &src->QP ) );
-
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_copy( &dst->RN, &src->RN ) );
     MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_copy( &dst->RP, &src->RP ) );
     MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_copy( &dst->RQ, &src->RQ ) );
+#endif
+
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_copy( &dst->RN, &src->RN ) );
 
     MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_copy( &dst->Vi, &src->Vi ) );
     MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_copy( &dst->Vf, &src->Vf ) );
@@ -1657,16 +2173,23 @@
 void mbedtls_rsa_free( mbedtls_rsa_context *ctx )
 {
     mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->Vi ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->Vf );
-    mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->RQ ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->RP ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->RN );
-    mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->QP ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->DQ ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->DP );
-    mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->Q  ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->P  ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->D );
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->RN ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->D  );
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->Q  ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->P  );
     mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->E  ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->N  );
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT)
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->RQ ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->RP );
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->QP ); mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->DQ );
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &ctx->DP );
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_RSA_NO_CRT */
+
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_THREADING_C)
     mbedtls_mutex_free( &ctx->mutex );
 #endif
 }
 
+#endif /* !MBEDTLS_RSA_ALT */
+
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SELF_TEST)
 
 #include "mbedtls/sha1.h"
@@ -1706,21 +2229,6 @@
                 "910E4168387E3C30AA1E00C339A79508" \
                 "8452DD96A9A5EA5D9DCA68DA636032AF"
 
-#define RSA_DP  "C1ACF567564274FB07A0BBAD5D26E298" \
-                "3C94D22288ACD763FD8E5600ED4A702D" \
-                "F84198A5F06C2E72236AE490C93F07F8" \
-                "3CC559CD27BC2D1CA488811730BB5725"
-
-#define RSA_DQ  "4959CBF6F8FEF750AEE6977C155579C7" \
-                "D8AAEA56749EA28623272E4F7D0592AF" \
-                "7C1F1313CAC9471B5C523BFE592F517B" \
-                "407A1BD76C164B93DA2D32A383E58357"
-
-#define RSA_QP  "9AE7FBC99546432DF71896FC239EADAE" \
-                "F38D18D2B2F0E2DD275AA977E2BF4411" \
-                "F5A3B2A5D33605AEBBCCBA7FEB9F2D2F" \
-                "A74206CEC169D74BF5A8C50D6F48EA08"
-
 #define PT_LEN  24
 #define RSA_PT  "\xAA\xBB\xCC\x03\x02\x01\x00\xFF\xFF\xFF\xFF\xFF" \
                 "\x11\x22\x33\x0A\x0B\x0C\xCC\xDD\xDD\xDD\xDD\xDD"
@@ -1763,17 +2271,23 @@
     unsigned char sha1sum[20];
 #endif
 
+    mbedtls_mpi K;
+
+    mbedtls_mpi_init( &K );
     mbedtls_rsa_init( &rsa, MBEDTLS_RSA_PKCS_V15, 0 );
 
-    rsa.len = KEY_LEN;
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_read_string( &rsa.N , 16, RSA_N  ) );
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_read_string( &rsa.E , 16, RSA_E  ) );
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_read_string( &rsa.D , 16, RSA_D  ) );
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_read_string( &rsa.P , 16, RSA_P  ) );
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_read_string( &rsa.Q , 16, RSA_Q  ) );
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_read_string( &rsa.DP, 16, RSA_DP ) );
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_read_string( &rsa.DQ, 16, RSA_DQ ) );
-    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_read_string( &rsa.QP, 16, RSA_QP ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_read_string( &K, 16, RSA_N  ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_rsa_import( &rsa, &K, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_read_string( &K, 16, RSA_P  ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_rsa_import( &rsa, NULL, &K, NULL, NULL, NULL ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_read_string( &K, 16, RSA_Q  ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_rsa_import( &rsa, NULL, NULL, &K, NULL, NULL ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_read_string( &K, 16, RSA_D  ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_rsa_import( &rsa, NULL, NULL, NULL, &K, NULL ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_read_string( &K, 16, RSA_E  ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_rsa_import( &rsa, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, &K ) );
+
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_rsa_complete( &rsa ) );
 
     if( verbose != 0 )
         mbedtls_printf( "  RSA key validation: " );
@@ -1784,7 +2298,8 @@
         if( verbose != 0 )
             mbedtls_printf( "failed\n" );
 
-        return( 1 );
+        ret = 1;
+        goto cleanup;
     }
 
     if( verbose != 0 )
@@ -1792,26 +2307,29 @@
 
     memcpy( rsa_plaintext, RSA_PT, PT_LEN );
 
-    if( mbedtls_rsa_pkcs1_encrypt( &rsa, myrand, NULL, MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC, PT_LEN,
-                           rsa_plaintext, rsa_ciphertext ) != 0 )
+    if( mbedtls_rsa_pkcs1_encrypt( &rsa, myrand, NULL, MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC,
+                                   PT_LEN, rsa_plaintext,
+                                   rsa_ciphertext ) != 0 )
     {
         if( verbose != 0 )
             mbedtls_printf( "failed\n" );
 
-        return( 1 );
+        ret = 1;
+        goto cleanup;
     }
 
     if( verbose != 0 )
         mbedtls_printf( "passed\n  PKCS#1 decryption : " );
 
-    if( mbedtls_rsa_pkcs1_decrypt( &rsa, myrand, NULL, MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE, &len,
-                           rsa_ciphertext, rsa_decrypted,
-                           sizeof(rsa_decrypted) ) != 0 )
+    if( mbedtls_rsa_pkcs1_decrypt( &rsa, myrand, NULL, MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE,
+                                   &len, rsa_ciphertext, rsa_decrypted,
+                                   sizeof(rsa_decrypted) ) != 0 )
     {
         if( verbose != 0 )
             mbedtls_printf( "failed\n" );
 
-        return( 1 );
+        ret = 1;
+        goto cleanup;
     }
 
     if( memcmp( rsa_decrypted, rsa_plaintext, len ) != 0 )
@@ -1819,7 +2337,8 @@
         if( verbose != 0 )
             mbedtls_printf( "failed\n" );
 
-        return( 1 );
+        ret = 1;
+        goto cleanup;
     }
 
     if( verbose != 0 )
@@ -1829,10 +2348,7 @@
     if( verbose != 0 )
         mbedtls_printf( "  PKCS#1 data sign  : " );
 
-    mbedtls_sha1( rsa_plaintext, PT_LEN, sha1sum );
-
-    if( mbedtls_rsa_pkcs1_sign( &rsa, myrand, NULL, MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE, MBEDTLS_MD_SHA1, 0,
-                        sha1sum, rsa_ciphertext ) != 0 )
+    if( mbedtls_sha1_ret( rsa_plaintext, PT_LEN, sha1sum ) != 0 )
     {
         if( verbose != 0 )
             mbedtls_printf( "failed\n" );
@@ -1840,16 +2356,29 @@
         return( 1 );
     }
 
-    if( verbose != 0 )
-        mbedtls_printf( "passed\n  PKCS#1 sig. verify: " );
-
-    if( mbedtls_rsa_pkcs1_verify( &rsa, NULL, NULL, MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC, MBEDTLS_MD_SHA1, 0,
-                          sha1sum, rsa_ciphertext ) != 0 )
+    if( mbedtls_rsa_pkcs1_sign( &rsa, myrand, NULL,
+                                MBEDTLS_RSA_PRIVATE, MBEDTLS_MD_SHA1, 0,
+                                sha1sum, rsa_ciphertext ) != 0 )
     {
         if( verbose != 0 )
             mbedtls_printf( "failed\n" );
 
-        return( 1 );
+        ret = 1;
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    if( verbose != 0 )
+        mbedtls_printf( "passed\n  PKCS#1 sig. verify: " );
+
+    if( mbedtls_rsa_pkcs1_verify( &rsa, NULL, NULL,
+                                  MBEDTLS_RSA_PUBLIC, MBEDTLS_MD_SHA1, 0,
+                                  sha1sum, rsa_ciphertext ) != 0 )
+    {
+        if( verbose != 0 )
+            mbedtls_printf( "failed\n" );
+
+        ret = 1;
+        goto cleanup;
     }
 
     if( verbose != 0 )
@@ -1860,6 +2389,7 @@
         mbedtls_printf( "\n" );
 
 cleanup:
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &K );
     mbedtls_rsa_free( &rsa );
 #else /* MBEDTLS_PKCS1_V15 */
     ((void) verbose);
diff --git a/library/rsa_internal.c b/library/rsa_internal.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..507009f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/rsa_internal.c
@@ -0,0 +1,487 @@
+/*
+ *  Helper functions for the RSA module
+ *
+ *  Copyright (C) 2006-2017, ARM Limited, All Rights Reserved
+ *  SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ *
+ *  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
+ *  not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ *  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
+ *  WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ *  limitations under the License.
+ *
+ *  This file is part of mbed TLS (https://tls.mbed.org)
+ *
+ */
+
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_CONFIG_FILE)
+#include "mbedtls/config.h"
+#else
+#include MBEDTLS_CONFIG_FILE
+#endif
+
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_C)
+
+#include "mbedtls/rsa.h"
+#include "mbedtls/bignum.h"
+#include "mbedtls/rsa_internal.h"
+
+/*
+ * Compute RSA prime factors from public and private exponents
+ *
+ * Summary of algorithm:
+ * Setting F := lcm(P-1,Q-1), the idea is as follows:
+ *
+ * (a) For any 1 <= X < N with gcd(X,N)=1, we have X^F = 1 modulo N, so X^(F/2)
+ *     is a square root of 1 in Z/NZ. Since Z/NZ ~= Z/PZ x Z/QZ by CRT and the
+ *     square roots of 1 in Z/PZ and Z/QZ are +1 and -1, this leaves the four
+ *     possibilities X^(F/2) = (+-1, +-1). If it happens that X^(F/2) = (-1,+1)
+ *     or (+1,-1), then gcd(X^(F/2) + 1, N) will be equal to one of the prime
+ *     factors of N.
+ *
+ * (b) If we don't know F/2 but (F/2) * K for some odd (!) K, then the same
+ *     construction still applies since (-)^K is the identity on the set of
+ *     roots of 1 in Z/NZ.
+ *
+ * The public and private key primitives (-)^E and (-)^D are mutually inverse
+ * bijections on Z/NZ if and only if (-)^(DE) is the identity on Z/NZ, i.e.
+ * if and only if DE - 1 is a multiple of F, say DE - 1 = F * L.
+ * Splitting L = 2^t * K with K odd, we have
+ *
+ *   DE - 1 = FL = (F/2) * (2^(t+1)) * K,
+ *
+ * so (F / 2) * K is among the numbers
+ *
+ *   (DE - 1) >> 1, (DE - 1) >> 2, ..., (DE - 1) >> ord
+ *
+ * where ord is the order of 2 in (DE - 1).
+ * We can therefore iterate through these numbers apply the construction
+ * of (a) and (b) above to attempt to factor N.
+ *
+ */
+int mbedtls_rsa_deduce_primes( mbedtls_mpi const *N,
+                     mbedtls_mpi const *E, mbedtls_mpi const *D,
+                     mbedtls_mpi *P, mbedtls_mpi *Q )
+{
+    int ret = 0;
+
+    uint16_t attempt;  /* Number of current attempt  */
+    uint16_t iter;     /* Number of squares computed in the current attempt */
+
+    uint16_t order;    /* Order of 2 in DE - 1 */
+
+    mbedtls_mpi T;  /* Holds largest odd divisor of DE - 1     */
+    mbedtls_mpi K;  /* Temporary holding the current candidate */
+
+    const unsigned char primes[] = { 2,
+           3,    5,    7,   11,   13,   17,   19,   23,
+          29,   31,   37,   41,   43,   47,   53,   59,
+          61,   67,   71,   73,   79,   83,   89,   97,
+         101,  103,  107,  109,  113,  127,  131,  137,
+         139,  149,  151,  157,  163,  167,  173,  179,
+         181,  191,  193,  197,  199,  211,  223,  227,
+         229,  233,  239,  241,  251
+    };
+
+    const size_t num_primes = sizeof( primes ) / sizeof( *primes );
+
+    if( P == NULL || Q == NULL || P->p != NULL || Q->p != NULL )
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+
+    if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( N, 0 ) <= 0 ||
+        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( D, 1 ) <= 0 ||
+        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_mpi( D, N ) >= 0 ||
+        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( E, 1 ) <= 0 ||
+        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_mpi( E, N ) >= 0 )
+    {
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Initializations and temporary changes
+     */
+
+    mbedtls_mpi_init( &K );
+    mbedtls_mpi_init( &T );
+
+    /* T := DE - 1 */
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mul_mpi( &T, D,  E ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_int( &T, &T, 1 ) );
+
+    if( ( order = (uint16_t) mbedtls_mpi_lsb( &T ) ) == 0 )
+    {
+        ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_BAD_INPUT_DATA;
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    /* After this operation, T holds the largest odd divisor of DE - 1. */
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_shift_r( &T, order ) );
+
+    /*
+     * Actual work
+     */
+
+    /* Skip trying 2 if N == 1 mod 8 */
+    attempt = 0;
+    if( N->p[0] % 8 == 1 )
+        attempt = 1;
+
+    for( ; attempt < num_primes; ++attempt )
+    {
+        mbedtls_mpi_lset( &K, primes[attempt] );
+
+        /* Check if gcd(K,N) = 1 */
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_gcd( P, &K, N ) );
+        if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( P, 1 ) != 0 )
+            continue;
+
+        /* Go through K^T + 1, K^(2T) + 1, K^(4T) + 1, ...
+         * and check whether they have nontrivial GCD with N. */
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_exp_mod( &K, &K, &T, N,
+                             Q /* temporarily use Q for storing Montgomery
+                                * multiplication helper values */ ) );
+
+        for( iter = 1; iter <= order; ++iter )
+        {
+            /* If we reach 1 prematurely, there's no point
+             * in continuing to square K */
+            if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &K, 1 ) == 0 )
+                break;
+
+            MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_add_int( &K, &K, 1 ) );
+            MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_gcd( P, &K, N ) );
+
+            if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( P, 1 ) ==  1 &&
+                mbedtls_mpi_cmp_mpi( P, N ) == -1 )
+            {
+                /*
+                 * Have found a nontrivial divisor P of N.
+                 * Set Q := N / P.
+                 */
+
+                MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_div_mpi( Q, NULL, N, P ) );
+                goto cleanup;
+            }
+
+            MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_int( &K, &K, 1 ) );
+            MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mul_mpi( &K, &K, &K ) );
+            MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mod_mpi( &K, &K, N ) );
+        }
+
+        /*
+         * If we get here, then either we prematurely aborted the loop because
+         * we reached 1, or K holds primes[attempt]^(DE - 1) mod N, which must
+         * be 1 if D,E,N were consistent.
+         * Check if that's the case and abort if not, to avoid very long,
+         * yet eventually failing, computations if N,D,E were not sane.
+         */
+        if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &K, 1 ) != 0 )
+        {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_BAD_INPUT_DATA;
+
+cleanup:
+
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &K );
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &T );
+    return( ret );
+}
+
+/*
+ * Given P, Q and the public exponent E, deduce D.
+ * This is essentially a modular inversion.
+ */
+int mbedtls_rsa_deduce_private_exponent( mbedtls_mpi const *P,
+                                         mbedtls_mpi const *Q,
+                                         mbedtls_mpi const *E,
+                                         mbedtls_mpi *D )
+{
+    int ret = 0;
+    mbedtls_mpi K, L;
+
+    if( D == NULL || mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( D, 0 ) != 0 )
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+
+    if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( P, 1 ) <= 0 ||
+        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( Q, 1 ) <= 0 ||
+        mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( E, 0 ) == 0 )
+    {
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_MPI_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+    }
+
+    mbedtls_mpi_init( &K );
+    mbedtls_mpi_init( &L );
+
+    /* Temporarily put K := P-1 and L := Q-1 */
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_int( &K, P, 1 ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_int( &L, Q, 1 ) );
+
+    /* Temporarily put D := gcd(P-1, Q-1) */
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_gcd( D, &K, &L ) );
+
+    /* K := LCM(P-1, Q-1) */
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mul_mpi( &K, &K, &L ) );
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_div_mpi( &K, NULL, &K, D ) );
+
+    /* Compute modular inverse of E in LCM(P-1, Q-1) */
+    MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_inv_mod( D, E, &K ) );
+
+cleanup:
+
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &K );
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &L );
+
+    return( ret );
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check that RSA CRT parameters are in accordance with core parameters.
+ */
+int mbedtls_rsa_validate_crt( const mbedtls_mpi *P,  const mbedtls_mpi *Q,
+                              const mbedtls_mpi *D,  const mbedtls_mpi *DP,
+                              const mbedtls_mpi *DQ, const mbedtls_mpi *QP )
+{
+    int ret = 0;
+
+    mbedtls_mpi K, L;
+    mbedtls_mpi_init( &K );
+    mbedtls_mpi_init( &L );
+
+    /* Check that DP - D == 0 mod P - 1 */
+    if( DP != NULL )
+    {
+        if( P == NULL )
+        {
+            ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA;
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_int( &K, P, 1 ) );
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_mpi( &L, DP, D ) );
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mod_mpi( &L, &L, &K ) );
+
+        if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &L, 0 ) != 0 )
+        {
+            ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_KEY_CHECK_FAILED;
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Check that DQ - D == 0 mod Q - 1 */
+    if( DQ != NULL )
+    {
+        if( Q == NULL )
+        {
+            ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA;
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_int( &K, Q, 1 ) );
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_mpi( &L, DQ, D ) );
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mod_mpi( &L, &L, &K ) );
+
+        if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &L, 0 ) != 0 )
+        {
+            ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_KEY_CHECK_FAILED;
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Check that QP * Q - 1 == 0 mod P */
+    if( QP != NULL )
+    {
+        if( P == NULL || Q == NULL )
+        {
+            ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA;
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mul_mpi( &K, QP, Q ) );
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_int( &K, &K, 1 ) );
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mod_mpi( &K, &K, P ) );
+        if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &K, 0 ) != 0 )
+        {
+            ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_KEY_CHECK_FAILED;
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+    }
+
+cleanup:
+
+    /* Wrap MPI error codes by RSA check failure error code */
+    if( ret != 0 &&
+        ret != MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_KEY_CHECK_FAILED &&
+        ret != MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_BAD_INPUT_DATA )
+    {
+        ret += MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_KEY_CHECK_FAILED;
+    }
+
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &K );
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &L );
+
+    return( ret );
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check that core RSA parameters are sane.
+ */
+int mbedtls_rsa_validate_params( const mbedtls_mpi *N, const mbedtls_mpi *P,
+                                 const mbedtls_mpi *Q, const mbedtls_mpi *D,
+                                 const mbedtls_mpi *E,
+                                 int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t),
+                                 void *p_rng )
+{
+    int ret = 0;
+    mbedtls_mpi K, L;
+
+    mbedtls_mpi_init( &K );
+    mbedtls_mpi_init( &L );
+
+    /*
+     * Step 1: If PRNG provided, check that P and Q are prime
+     */
+
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_GENPRIME)
+    if( f_rng != NULL && P != NULL &&
+        ( ret = mbedtls_mpi_is_prime( P, f_rng, p_rng ) ) != 0 )
+    {
+        ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_KEY_CHECK_FAILED;
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+
+    if( f_rng != NULL && Q != NULL &&
+        ( ret = mbedtls_mpi_is_prime( Q, f_rng, p_rng ) ) != 0 )
+    {
+        ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_KEY_CHECK_FAILED;
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+#else
+    ((void) f_rng);
+    ((void) p_rng);
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_GENPRIME */
+
+    /*
+     * Step 2: Check that 1 < N = P * Q
+     */
+
+    if( P != NULL && Q != NULL && N != NULL )
+    {
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mul_mpi( &K, P, Q ) );
+        if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( N, 1 )  <= 0 ||
+            mbedtls_mpi_cmp_mpi( &K, N ) != 0 )
+        {
+            ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_KEY_CHECK_FAILED;
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Step 3: Check and 1 < D, E < N if present.
+     */
+
+    if( N != NULL && D != NULL && E != NULL )
+    {
+        if ( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( D, 1 ) <= 0 ||
+             mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( E, 1 ) <= 0 ||
+             mbedtls_mpi_cmp_mpi( D, N ) >= 0 ||
+             mbedtls_mpi_cmp_mpi( E, N ) >= 0 )
+        {
+            ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_KEY_CHECK_FAILED;
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Step 4: Check that D, E are inverse modulo P-1 and Q-1
+     */
+
+    if( P != NULL && Q != NULL && D != NULL && E != NULL )
+    {
+        if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( P, 1 ) <= 0 ||
+            mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( Q, 1 ) <= 0 )
+        {
+            ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_KEY_CHECK_FAILED;
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+
+        /* Compute DE-1 mod P-1 */
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mul_mpi( &K, D, E ) );
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_int( &K, &K, 1 ) );
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_int( &L, P, 1 ) );
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mod_mpi( &K, &K, &L ) );
+        if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &K, 0 ) != 0 )
+        {
+            ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_KEY_CHECK_FAILED;
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+
+        /* Compute DE-1 mod Q-1 */
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mul_mpi( &K, D, E ) );
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_int( &K, &K, 1 ) );
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_int( &L, Q, 1 ) );
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mod_mpi( &K, &K, &L ) );
+        if( mbedtls_mpi_cmp_int( &K, 0 ) != 0 )
+        {
+            ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_KEY_CHECK_FAILED;
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+    }
+
+cleanup:
+
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &K );
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &L );
+
+    /* Wrap MPI error codes by RSA check failure error code */
+    if( ret != 0 && ret != MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_KEY_CHECK_FAILED )
+    {
+        ret += MBEDTLS_ERR_RSA_KEY_CHECK_FAILED;
+    }
+
+    return( ret );
+}
+
+int mbedtls_rsa_deduce_crt( const mbedtls_mpi *P, const mbedtls_mpi *Q,
+                            const mbedtls_mpi *D, mbedtls_mpi *DP,
+                            mbedtls_mpi *DQ, mbedtls_mpi *QP )
+{
+    int ret = 0;
+    mbedtls_mpi K;
+    mbedtls_mpi_init( &K );
+
+    /* DP = D mod P-1 */
+    if( DP != NULL )
+    {
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_int( &K, P, 1  ) );
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mod_mpi( DP, D, &K ) );
+    }
+
+    /* DQ = D mod Q-1 */
+    if( DQ != NULL )
+    {
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_sub_int( &K, Q, 1  ) );
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_mod_mpi( DQ, D, &K ) );
+    }
+
+    /* QP = Q^{-1} mod P */
+    if( QP != NULL )
+    {
+        MBEDTLS_MPI_CHK( mbedtls_mpi_inv_mod( QP, Q, P ) );
+    }
+
+cleanup:
+    mbedtls_mpi_free( &K );
+
+    return( ret );
+}
+
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_RSA_C */
diff --git a/library/sha1.c b/library/sha1.c
index 2ccf2a2..1f29a0f 100644
--- a/library/sha1.c
+++ b/library/sha1.c
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@
 /*
  * SHA-1 context setup
  */
-void mbedtls_sha1_starts( mbedtls_sha1_context *ctx )
+int mbedtls_sha1_starts_ret( mbedtls_sha1_context *ctx )
 {
     ctx->total[0] = 0;
     ctx->total[1] = 0;
@@ -107,10 +107,20 @@
     ctx->state[2] = 0x98BADCFE;
     ctx->state[3] = 0x10325476;
     ctx->state[4] = 0xC3D2E1F0;
+
+    return( 0 );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_sha1_starts( mbedtls_sha1_context *ctx )
+{
+    mbedtls_sha1_starts_ret( ctx );
+}
+#endif
+
 #if !defined(MBEDTLS_SHA1_PROCESS_ALT)
-void mbedtls_sha1_process( mbedtls_sha1_context *ctx, const unsigned char data[64] )
+int mbedtls_internal_sha1_process( mbedtls_sha1_context *ctx,
+                                   const unsigned char data[64] )
 {
     uint32_t temp, W[16], A, B, C, D, E;
 
@@ -264,19 +274,32 @@
     ctx->state[2] += C;
     ctx->state[3] += D;
     ctx->state[4] += E;
+
+    return( 0 );
 }
+
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_sha1_process( mbedtls_sha1_context *ctx,
+                           const unsigned char data[64] )
+{
+    mbedtls_internal_sha1_process( ctx, data );
+}
+#endif
 #endif /* !MBEDTLS_SHA1_PROCESS_ALT */
 
 /*
  * SHA-1 process buffer
  */
-void mbedtls_sha1_update( mbedtls_sha1_context *ctx, const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen )
+int mbedtls_sha1_update_ret( mbedtls_sha1_context *ctx,
+                             const unsigned char *input,
+                             size_t ilen )
 {
+    int ret;
     size_t fill;
     uint32_t left;
 
     if( ilen == 0 )
-        return;
+        return( 0 );
 
     left = ctx->total[0] & 0x3F;
     fill = 64 - left;
@@ -290,7 +313,10 @@
     if( left && ilen >= fill )
     {
         memcpy( (void *) (ctx->buffer + left), input, fill );
-        mbedtls_sha1_process( ctx, ctx->buffer );
+
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_internal_sha1_process( ctx, ctx->buffer ) ) != 0 )
+            return( ret );
+
         input += fill;
         ilen  -= fill;
         left = 0;
@@ -298,15 +324,28 @@
 
     while( ilen >= 64 )
     {
-        mbedtls_sha1_process( ctx, input );
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_internal_sha1_process( ctx, input ) ) != 0 )
+            return( ret );
+
         input += 64;
         ilen  -= 64;
     }
 
     if( ilen > 0 )
         memcpy( (void *) (ctx->buffer + left), input, ilen );
+
+    return( 0 );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_sha1_update( mbedtls_sha1_context *ctx,
+                          const unsigned char *input,
+                          size_t ilen )
+{
+    mbedtls_sha1_update_ret( ctx, input, ilen );
+}
+#endif
+
 static const unsigned char sha1_padding[64] =
 {
  0x80, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
@@ -318,8 +357,10 @@
 /*
  * SHA-1 final digest
  */
-void mbedtls_sha1_finish( mbedtls_sha1_context *ctx, unsigned char output[20] )
+int mbedtls_sha1_finish_ret( mbedtls_sha1_context *ctx,
+                             unsigned char output[20] )
 {
+    int ret;
     uint32_t last, padn;
     uint32_t high, low;
     unsigned char msglen[8];
@@ -334,32 +375,66 @@
     last = ctx->total[0] & 0x3F;
     padn = ( last < 56 ) ? ( 56 - last ) : ( 120 - last );
 
-    mbedtls_sha1_update( ctx, sha1_padding, padn );
-    mbedtls_sha1_update( ctx, msglen, 8 );
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha1_update_ret( ctx, sha1_padding, padn ) ) != 0 )
+        return( ret );
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha1_update_ret( ctx, msglen, 8 ) ) != 0 )
+        return( ret );
 
     PUT_UINT32_BE( ctx->state[0], output,  0 );
     PUT_UINT32_BE( ctx->state[1], output,  4 );
     PUT_UINT32_BE( ctx->state[2], output,  8 );
     PUT_UINT32_BE( ctx->state[3], output, 12 );
     PUT_UINT32_BE( ctx->state[4], output, 16 );
+
+    return( 0 );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_sha1_finish( mbedtls_sha1_context *ctx,
+                          unsigned char output[20] )
+{
+    mbedtls_sha1_finish_ret( ctx, output );
+}
+#endif
+
 #endif /* !MBEDTLS_SHA1_ALT */
 
 /*
  * output = SHA-1( input buffer )
  */
-void mbedtls_sha1( const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen, unsigned char output[20] )
+int mbedtls_sha1_ret( const unsigned char *input,
+                      size_t ilen,
+                      unsigned char output[20] )
 {
+    int ret;
     mbedtls_sha1_context ctx;
 
     mbedtls_sha1_init( &ctx );
-    mbedtls_sha1_starts( &ctx );
-    mbedtls_sha1_update( &ctx, input, ilen );
-    mbedtls_sha1_finish( &ctx, output );
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha1_starts_ret( &ctx ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha1_update_ret( &ctx, input, ilen ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha1_finish_ret( &ctx, output ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+
+exit:
     mbedtls_sha1_free( &ctx );
+
+    return( ret );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_sha1( const unsigned char *input,
+                   size_t ilen,
+                   unsigned char output[20] )
+{
+    mbedtls_sha1_ret( input, ilen, output );
+}
+#endif
+
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SELF_TEST)
 /*
  * FIPS-180-1 test vectors
@@ -371,7 +446,7 @@
     { "" }
 };
 
-static const int sha1_test_buflen[3] =
+static const size_t sha1_test_buflen[3] =
 {
     3, 56, 1000
 };
@@ -406,28 +481,35 @@
         if( verbose != 0 )
             mbedtls_printf( "  SHA-1 test #%d: ", i + 1 );
 
-        mbedtls_sha1_starts( &ctx );
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha1_starts_ret( &ctx ) ) != 0 )
+            goto fail;
 
         if( i == 2 )
         {
             memset( buf, 'a', buflen = 1000 );
 
             for( j = 0; j < 1000; j++ )
-                mbedtls_sha1_update( &ctx, buf, buflen );
+            {
+                ret = mbedtls_sha1_update_ret( &ctx, buf, buflen );
+                if( ret != 0 )
+                    goto fail;
+            }
         }
         else
-            mbedtls_sha1_update( &ctx, sha1_test_buf[i],
-                               sha1_test_buflen[i] );
+        {
+            ret = mbedtls_sha1_update_ret( &ctx, sha1_test_buf[i],
+                                           sha1_test_buflen[i] );
+            if( ret != 0 )
+                goto fail;
+        }
 
-        mbedtls_sha1_finish( &ctx, sha1sum );
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha1_finish_ret( &ctx, sha1sum ) ) != 0 )
+            goto fail;
 
         if( memcmp( sha1sum, sha1_test_sum[i], 20 ) != 0 )
         {
-            if( verbose != 0 )
-                mbedtls_printf( "failed\n" );
-
             ret = 1;
-            goto exit;
+            goto fail;
         }
 
         if( verbose != 0 )
@@ -437,6 +519,12 @@
     if( verbose != 0 )
         mbedtls_printf( "\n" );
 
+    goto exit;
+
+fail:
+    if( verbose != 0 )
+        mbedtls_printf( "failed\n" );
+
 exit:
     mbedtls_sha1_free( &ctx );
 
diff --git a/library/sha256.c b/library/sha256.c
index ad25d38..f39bcba 100644
--- a/library/sha256.c
+++ b/library/sha256.c
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@
 /*
  * SHA-256 context setup
  */
-void mbedtls_sha256_starts( mbedtls_sha256_context *ctx, int is224 )
+int mbedtls_sha256_starts_ret( mbedtls_sha256_context *ctx, int is224 )
 {
     ctx->total[0] = 0;
     ctx->total[1] = 0;
@@ -131,8 +131,18 @@
     }
 
     ctx->is224 = is224;
+
+    return( 0 );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_sha256_starts( mbedtls_sha256_context *ctx,
+                            int is224 )
+{
+    mbedtls_sha256_starts_ret( ctx, is224 );
+}
+#endif
+
 #if !defined(MBEDTLS_SHA256_PROCESS_ALT)
 static const uint32_t K[] =
 {
@@ -179,7 +189,8 @@
     d += temp1; h = temp1 + temp2;              \
 }
 
-void mbedtls_sha256_process( mbedtls_sha256_context *ctx, const unsigned char data[64] )
+int mbedtls_internal_sha256_process( mbedtls_sha256_context *ctx,
+                                const unsigned char data[64] )
 {
     uint32_t temp1, temp2, W[64];
     uint32_t A[8];
@@ -232,20 +243,32 @@
 
     for( i = 0; i < 8; i++ )
         ctx->state[i] += A[i];
+
+    return( 0 );
 }
+
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_sha256_process( mbedtls_sha256_context *ctx,
+                             const unsigned char data[64] )
+{
+    mbedtls_internal_sha256_process( ctx, data );
+}
+#endif
 #endif /* !MBEDTLS_SHA256_PROCESS_ALT */
 
 /*
  * SHA-256 process buffer
  */
-void mbedtls_sha256_update( mbedtls_sha256_context *ctx, const unsigned char *input,
-                    size_t ilen )
+int mbedtls_sha256_update_ret( mbedtls_sha256_context *ctx,
+                               const unsigned char *input,
+                               size_t ilen )
 {
+    int ret;
     size_t fill;
     uint32_t left;
 
     if( ilen == 0 )
-        return;
+        return( 0 );
 
     left = ctx->total[0] & 0x3F;
     fill = 64 - left;
@@ -259,7 +282,10 @@
     if( left && ilen >= fill )
     {
         memcpy( (void *) (ctx->buffer + left), input, fill );
-        mbedtls_sha256_process( ctx, ctx->buffer );
+
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_internal_sha256_process( ctx, ctx->buffer ) ) != 0 )
+            return( ret );
+
         input += fill;
         ilen  -= fill;
         left = 0;
@@ -267,15 +293,28 @@
 
     while( ilen >= 64 )
     {
-        mbedtls_sha256_process( ctx, input );
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_internal_sha256_process( ctx, input ) ) != 0 )
+            return( ret );
+
         input += 64;
         ilen  -= 64;
     }
 
     if( ilen > 0 )
         memcpy( (void *) (ctx->buffer + left), input, ilen );
+
+    return( 0 );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_sha256_update( mbedtls_sha256_context *ctx,
+                            const unsigned char *input,
+                            size_t ilen )
+{
+    mbedtls_sha256_update_ret( ctx, input, ilen );
+}
+#endif
+
 static const unsigned char sha256_padding[64] =
 {
  0x80, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
@@ -287,8 +326,10 @@
 /*
  * SHA-256 final digest
  */
-void mbedtls_sha256_finish( mbedtls_sha256_context *ctx, unsigned char output[32] )
+int mbedtls_sha256_finish_ret( mbedtls_sha256_context *ctx,
+                               unsigned char output[32] )
 {
+    int ret;
     uint32_t last, padn;
     uint32_t high, low;
     unsigned char msglen[8];
@@ -303,8 +344,11 @@
     last = ctx->total[0] & 0x3F;
     padn = ( last < 56 ) ? ( 56 - last ) : ( 120 - last );
 
-    mbedtls_sha256_update( ctx, sha256_padding, padn );
-    mbedtls_sha256_update( ctx, msglen, 8 );
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha256_update_ret( ctx, sha256_padding, padn ) ) != 0 )
+        return( ret );
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha256_update_ret( ctx, msglen, 8 ) ) != 0 )
+        return( ret );
 
     PUT_UINT32_BE( ctx->state[0], output,  0 );
     PUT_UINT32_BE( ctx->state[1], output,  4 );
@@ -316,25 +360,58 @@
 
     if( ctx->is224 == 0 )
         PUT_UINT32_BE( ctx->state[7], output, 28 );
+
+    return( 0 );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_sha256_finish( mbedtls_sha256_context *ctx,
+                            unsigned char output[32] )
+{
+    mbedtls_sha256_finish_ret( ctx, output );
+}
+#endif
+
 #endif /* !MBEDTLS_SHA256_ALT */
 
 /*
  * output = SHA-256( input buffer )
  */
-void mbedtls_sha256( const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen,
-             unsigned char output[32], int is224 )
+int mbedtls_sha256_ret( const unsigned char *input,
+                        size_t ilen,
+                        unsigned char output[32],
+                        int is224 )
 {
+    int ret;
     mbedtls_sha256_context ctx;
 
     mbedtls_sha256_init( &ctx );
-    mbedtls_sha256_starts( &ctx, is224 );
-    mbedtls_sha256_update( &ctx, input, ilen );
-    mbedtls_sha256_finish( &ctx, output );
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha256_starts_ret( &ctx, is224 ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha256_update_ret( &ctx, input, ilen ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha256_finish_ret( &ctx, output ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+
+exit:
     mbedtls_sha256_free( &ctx );
+
+    return( ret );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_sha256( const unsigned char *input,
+                     size_t ilen,
+                     unsigned char output[32],
+                     int is224 )
+{
+    mbedtls_sha256_ret( input, ilen, output, is224 );
+}
+#endif
+
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SELF_TEST)
 /*
  * FIPS-180-2 test vectors
@@ -346,7 +423,7 @@
     { "" }
 };
 
-static const int sha256_test_buflen[3] =
+static const size_t sha256_test_buflen[3] =
 {
     3, 56, 1000
 };
@@ -415,28 +492,37 @@
         if( verbose != 0 )
             mbedtls_printf( "  SHA-%d test #%d: ", 256 - k * 32, j + 1 );
 
-        mbedtls_sha256_starts( &ctx, k );
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha256_starts_ret( &ctx, k ) ) != 0 )
+            goto fail;
 
         if( j == 2 )
         {
             memset( buf, 'a', buflen = 1000 );
 
             for( j = 0; j < 1000; j++ )
-                mbedtls_sha256_update( &ctx, buf, buflen );
+            {
+                ret = mbedtls_sha256_update_ret( &ctx, buf, buflen );
+                if( ret != 0 )
+                    goto fail;
+            }
+
         }
         else
-            mbedtls_sha256_update( &ctx, sha256_test_buf[j],
-                                 sha256_test_buflen[j] );
+        {
+            ret = mbedtls_sha256_update_ret( &ctx, sha256_test_buf[j],
+                                             sha256_test_buflen[j] );
+            if( ret != 0 )
+                 goto fail;
+        }
 
-        mbedtls_sha256_finish( &ctx, sha256sum );
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha256_finish_ret( &ctx, sha256sum ) ) != 0 )
+            goto fail;
+
 
         if( memcmp( sha256sum, sha256_test_sum[i], 32 - k * 4 ) != 0 )
         {
-            if( verbose != 0 )
-                mbedtls_printf( "failed\n" );
-
             ret = 1;
-            goto exit;
+            goto fail;
         }
 
         if( verbose != 0 )
@@ -446,6 +532,12 @@
     if( verbose != 0 )
         mbedtls_printf( "\n" );
 
+    goto exit;
+
+fail:
+    if( verbose != 0 )
+        mbedtls_printf( "failed\n" );
+
 exit:
     mbedtls_sha256_free( &ctx );
     mbedtls_free( buf );
diff --git a/library/sha512.c b/library/sha512.c
index 724522a..97cee07 100644
--- a/library/sha512.c
+++ b/library/sha512.c
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@
 /*
  * SHA-512 context setup
  */
-void mbedtls_sha512_starts( mbedtls_sha512_context *ctx, int is384 )
+int mbedtls_sha512_starts_ret( mbedtls_sha512_context *ctx, int is384 )
 {
     ctx->total[0] = 0;
     ctx->total[1] = 0;
@@ -145,8 +145,18 @@
     }
 
     ctx->is384 = is384;
+
+    return( 0 );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_sha512_starts( mbedtls_sha512_context *ctx,
+                            int is384 )
+{
+    mbedtls_sha512_starts_ret( ctx, is384 );
+}
+#endif
+
 #if !defined(MBEDTLS_SHA512_PROCESS_ALT)
 
 /*
@@ -196,7 +206,8 @@
     UL64(0x5FCB6FAB3AD6FAEC),  UL64(0x6C44198C4A475817)
 };
 
-void mbedtls_sha512_process( mbedtls_sha512_context *ctx, const unsigned char data[128] )
+int mbedtls_internal_sha512_process( mbedtls_sha512_context *ctx,
+                                     const unsigned char data[128] )
 {
     int i;
     uint64_t temp1, temp2, W[80];
@@ -263,20 +274,32 @@
     ctx->state[5] += F;
     ctx->state[6] += G;
     ctx->state[7] += H;
+
+    return( 0 );
 }
+
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_sha512_process( mbedtls_sha512_context *ctx,
+                             const unsigned char data[128] )
+{
+    mbedtls_internal_sha512_process( ctx, data );
+}
+#endif
 #endif /* !MBEDTLS_SHA512_PROCESS_ALT */
 
 /*
  * SHA-512 process buffer
  */
-void mbedtls_sha512_update( mbedtls_sha512_context *ctx, const unsigned char *input,
-                    size_t ilen )
+int mbedtls_sha512_update_ret( mbedtls_sha512_context *ctx,
+                               const unsigned char *input,
+                               size_t ilen )
 {
+    int ret;
     size_t fill;
     unsigned int left;
 
     if( ilen == 0 )
-        return;
+        return( 0 );
 
     left = (unsigned int) (ctx->total[0] & 0x7F);
     fill = 128 - left;
@@ -289,7 +312,10 @@
     if( left && ilen >= fill )
     {
         memcpy( (void *) (ctx->buffer + left), input, fill );
-        mbedtls_sha512_process( ctx, ctx->buffer );
+
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_internal_sha512_process( ctx, ctx->buffer ) ) != 0 )
+            return( ret );
+
         input += fill;
         ilen  -= fill;
         left = 0;
@@ -297,15 +323,28 @@
 
     while( ilen >= 128 )
     {
-        mbedtls_sha512_process( ctx, input );
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_internal_sha512_process( ctx, input ) ) != 0 )
+            return( ret );
+
         input += 128;
         ilen  -= 128;
     }
 
     if( ilen > 0 )
         memcpy( (void *) (ctx->buffer + left), input, ilen );
+
+    return( 0 );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_sha512_update( mbedtls_sha512_context *ctx,
+                            const unsigned char *input,
+                            size_t ilen )
+{
+    mbedtls_sha512_update_ret( ctx, input, ilen );
+}
+#endif
+
 static const unsigned char sha512_padding[128] =
 {
  0x80, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
@@ -321,8 +360,10 @@
 /*
  * SHA-512 final digest
  */
-void mbedtls_sha512_finish( mbedtls_sha512_context *ctx, unsigned char output[64] )
+int mbedtls_sha512_finish_ret( mbedtls_sha512_context *ctx,
+                               unsigned char output[64] )
 {
+    int ret;
     size_t last, padn;
     uint64_t high, low;
     unsigned char msglen[16];
@@ -337,8 +378,11 @@
     last = (size_t)( ctx->total[0] & 0x7F );
     padn = ( last < 112 ) ? ( 112 - last ) : ( 240 - last );
 
-    mbedtls_sha512_update( ctx, sha512_padding, padn );
-    mbedtls_sha512_update( ctx, msglen, 16 );
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha512_update_ret( ctx, sha512_padding, padn ) ) != 0 )
+            return( ret );
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha512_update_ret( ctx, msglen, 16 ) ) != 0 )
+            return( ret );
 
     PUT_UINT64_BE( ctx->state[0], output,  0 );
     PUT_UINT64_BE( ctx->state[1], output,  8 );
@@ -352,25 +396,58 @@
         PUT_UINT64_BE( ctx->state[6], output, 48 );
         PUT_UINT64_BE( ctx->state[7], output, 56 );
     }
+
+    return( 0 );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_sha512_finish( mbedtls_sha512_context *ctx,
+                            unsigned char output[64] )
+{
+    mbedtls_sha512_finish_ret( ctx, output );
+}
+#endif
+
 #endif /* !MBEDTLS_SHA512_ALT */
 
 /*
  * output = SHA-512( input buffer )
  */
-void mbedtls_sha512( const unsigned char *input, size_t ilen,
-             unsigned char output[64], int is384 )
+int mbedtls_sha512_ret( const unsigned char *input,
+                    size_t ilen,
+                    unsigned char output[64],
+                    int is384 )
 {
+    int ret;
     mbedtls_sha512_context ctx;
 
     mbedtls_sha512_init( &ctx );
-    mbedtls_sha512_starts( &ctx, is384 );
-    mbedtls_sha512_update( &ctx, input, ilen );
-    mbedtls_sha512_finish( &ctx, output );
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha512_starts_ret( &ctx, is384 ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha512_update_ret( &ctx, input, ilen ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha512_finish_ret( &ctx, output ) ) != 0 )
+        goto exit;
+
+exit:
     mbedtls_sha512_free( &ctx );
+
+    return( ret );
 }
 
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
+void mbedtls_sha512( const unsigned char *input,
+                     size_t ilen,
+                     unsigned char output[64],
+                     int is384 )
+{
+    mbedtls_sha512_ret( input, ilen, output, is384 );
+}
+#endif
+
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SELF_TEST)
 
 /*
@@ -384,7 +461,7 @@
     { "" }
 };
 
-static const int sha512_test_buflen[3] =
+static const size_t sha512_test_buflen[3] =
 {
     3, 112, 1000
 };
@@ -471,28 +548,35 @@
         if( verbose != 0 )
             mbedtls_printf( "  SHA-%d test #%d: ", 512 - k * 128, j + 1 );
 
-        mbedtls_sha512_starts( &ctx, k );
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha512_starts_ret( &ctx, k ) ) != 0 )
+            goto fail;
 
         if( j == 2 )
         {
             memset( buf, 'a', buflen = 1000 );
 
             for( j = 0; j < 1000; j++ )
-                mbedtls_sha512_update( &ctx, buf, buflen );
+            {
+                ret = mbedtls_sha512_update_ret( &ctx, buf, buflen );
+                if( ret != 0 )
+                    goto fail;
+            }
         }
         else
-            mbedtls_sha512_update( &ctx, sha512_test_buf[j],
-                                 sha512_test_buflen[j] );
+        {
+            ret = mbedtls_sha512_update_ret( &ctx, sha512_test_buf[j],
+                                             sha512_test_buflen[j] );
+            if( ret != 0 )
+                goto fail;
+        }
 
-        mbedtls_sha512_finish( &ctx, sha512sum );
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha512_finish_ret( &ctx, sha512sum ) ) != 0 )
+            goto fail;
 
         if( memcmp( sha512sum, sha512_test_sum[i], 64 - k * 16 ) != 0 )
         {
-            if( verbose != 0 )
-                mbedtls_printf( "failed\n" );
-
             ret = 1;
-            goto exit;
+            goto fail;
         }
 
         if( verbose != 0 )
@@ -502,6 +586,12 @@
     if( verbose != 0 )
         mbedtls_printf( "\n" );
 
+    goto exit;
+
+fail:
+    if( verbose != 0 )
+        mbedtls_printf( "failed\n" );
+
 exit:
     mbedtls_sha512_free( &ctx );
     mbedtls_free( buf );
diff --git a/library/ssl_cli.c b/library/ssl_cli.c
index 554348f..f952b0f 100644
--- a/library/ssl_cli.c
+++ b/library/ssl_cli.c
@@ -902,6 +902,8 @@
         *p++ = (unsigned char)( ciphersuites[i]      );
     }
 
+    MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 3, ( "client hello, got %d ciphersuites (excluding SCSVs)", n ) );
+
     /*
      * Add TLS_EMPTY_RENEGOTIATION_INFO_SCSV
      */
@@ -909,6 +911,7 @@
     if( ssl->renego_status == MBEDTLS_SSL_INITIAL_HANDSHAKE )
 #endif
     {
+        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 3, ( "adding EMPTY_RENEGOTIATION_INFO_SCSV" ) );
         *p++ = (unsigned char)( MBEDTLS_SSL_EMPTY_RENEGOTIATION_INFO >> 8 );
         *p++ = (unsigned char)( MBEDTLS_SSL_EMPTY_RENEGOTIATION_INFO      );
         n++;
@@ -928,8 +931,6 @@
     *q++ = (unsigned char)( n >> 7 );
     *q++ = (unsigned char)( n << 1 );
 
-    MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 3, ( "client hello, got %d ciphersuites", n ) );
-
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_ZLIB_SUPPORT)
     offer_compress = 1;
 #else
@@ -937,7 +938,7 @@
 #endif
 
     /*
-     * We don't support compression with DTLS right now: is many records come
+     * We don't support compression with DTLS right now: if many records come
      * in the same datagram, uncompressing one could overwrite the next one.
      * We don't want to add complexity for handling that case unless there is
      * an actual need for it.
@@ -2057,10 +2058,16 @@
      *
      * opaque psk_identity_hint<0..2^16-1>;
      */
+    if( (*p) > end - 2 )
+    {
+        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "bad server key exchange message "
+                                    "(psk_identity_hint length)" ) );
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_BAD_HS_SERVER_KEY_EXCHANGE );
+    }
     len = (*p)[0] << 8 | (*p)[1];
     *p += 2;
 
-    if( (*p) + len > end )
+    if( (*p) > end - len )
     {
         MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "bad server key exchange message "
                                     "(psk_identity_hint length)" ) );
@@ -2478,10 +2485,18 @@
         /*
          * Read signature
          */
+
+        if( p > end - 2 )
+        {
+            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "bad server key exchange message" ) );
+            mbedtls_ssl_send_alert_message( ssl, MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_LEVEL_FATAL,
+                                            MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_MSG_DECODE_ERROR );
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_BAD_HS_SERVER_KEY_EXCHANGE );
+        }
         sig_len = ( p[0] << 8 ) | p[1];
         p += 2;
 
-        if( end != p + sig_len )
+        if( p != end - sig_len )
         {
             MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "bad server key exchange message" ) );
             mbedtls_ssl_send_alert_message( ssl, MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_LEVEL_FATAL,
@@ -2498,39 +2513,11 @@
     defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_1)
         if( md_alg == MBEDTLS_MD_NONE )
         {
-            mbedtls_md5_context mbedtls_md5;
-            mbedtls_sha1_context mbedtls_sha1;
-
-            mbedtls_md5_init(  &mbedtls_md5  );
-            mbedtls_sha1_init( &mbedtls_sha1 );
-
             hashlen = 36;
-
-            /*
-             * digitally-signed struct {
-             *     opaque md5_hash[16];
-             *     opaque sha_hash[20];
-             * };
-             *
-             * md5_hash
-             *     MD5(ClientHello.random + ServerHello.random
-             *                            + ServerParams);
-             * sha_hash
-             *     SHA(ClientHello.random + ServerHello.random
-             *                            + ServerParams);
-             */
-            mbedtls_md5_starts( &mbedtls_md5 );
-            mbedtls_md5_update( &mbedtls_md5, ssl->handshake->randbytes, 64 );
-            mbedtls_md5_update( &mbedtls_md5, params, params_len );
-            mbedtls_md5_finish( &mbedtls_md5, hash );
-
-            mbedtls_sha1_starts( &mbedtls_sha1 );
-            mbedtls_sha1_update( &mbedtls_sha1, ssl->handshake->randbytes, 64 );
-            mbedtls_sha1_update( &mbedtls_sha1, params, params_len );
-            mbedtls_sha1_finish( &mbedtls_sha1, hash + 16 );
-
-            mbedtls_md5_free(  &mbedtls_md5  );
-            mbedtls_sha1_free( &mbedtls_sha1 );
+            ret = mbedtls_ssl_get_key_exchange_md_ssl_tls( ssl, hash, params,
+                                                           params_len );
+            if( ret != 0 )
+                return( ret );
         }
         else
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_SSL3 || MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1 || \
@@ -2539,34 +2526,11 @@
     defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_2)
         if( md_alg != MBEDTLS_MD_NONE )
         {
-            mbedtls_md_context_t ctx;
-
-            mbedtls_md_init( &ctx );
-
-            /* Info from md_alg will be used instead */
-            hashlen = 0;
-
-            /*
-             * digitally-signed struct {
-             *     opaque client_random[32];
-             *     opaque server_random[32];
-             *     ServerDHParams params;
-             * };
-             */
-            if( ( ret = mbedtls_md_setup( &ctx,
-                                     mbedtls_md_info_from_type( md_alg ), 0 ) ) != 0 )
-            {
-                MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_RET( 1, "mbedtls_md_setup", ret );
-                mbedtls_ssl_send_alert_message( ssl, MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_LEVEL_FATAL,
-                                                MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_MSG_INTERNAL_ERROR );
+            ret = mbedtls_ssl_get_key_exchange_md_tls1_2( ssl, hash, &hashlen,
+                                                          params, params_len,
+                                                          md_alg );
+            if( ret != 0 )
                 return( ret );
-            }
-
-            mbedtls_md_starts( &ctx );
-            mbedtls_md_update( &ctx, ssl->handshake->randbytes, 64 );
-            mbedtls_md_update( &ctx, params, params_len );
-            mbedtls_md_finish( &ctx, hash );
-            mbedtls_md_free( &ctx );
         }
         else
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1 || MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_1 || \
@@ -2576,8 +2540,7 @@
             return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_INTERNAL_ERROR );
         }
 
-        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_BUF( 3, "parameters hash", hash, hashlen != 0 ? hashlen :
-            (unsigned int) ( mbedtls_md_get_size( mbedtls_md_info_from_type( md_alg ) ) ) );
+        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_BUF( 3, "parameters hash", hash, hashlen );
 
         if( ssl->session_negotiate->peer_cert == NULL )
         {
diff --git a/library/ssl_srv.c b/library/ssl_srv.c
index 5c3aacf..fa858f8 100644
--- a/library/ssl_srv.c
+++ b/library/ssl_srv.c
@@ -603,33 +603,41 @@
     }
 
     /*
-     * Use our order of preference
+     * Validate peer's list (lengths)
      */
     start = buf + 2;
     end = buf + len;
+    for( theirs = start; theirs != end; theirs += cur_len )
+    {
+        cur_len = *theirs++;
+
+        /* Current identifier must fit in list */
+        if( cur_len > (size_t)( end - theirs ) )
+        {
+            mbedtls_ssl_send_alert_message( ssl, MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_LEVEL_FATAL,
+                                            MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_MSG_DECODE_ERROR );
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_BAD_HS_CLIENT_HELLO );
+        }
+
+        /* Empty strings MUST NOT be included */
+        if( cur_len == 0 )
+        {
+            mbedtls_ssl_send_alert_message( ssl, MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_LEVEL_FATAL,
+                                            MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_MSG_ILLEGAL_PARAMETER );
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_BAD_HS_CLIENT_HELLO );
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Use our order of preference
+     */
     for( ours = ssl->conf->alpn_list; *ours != NULL; ours++ )
     {
         ours_len = strlen( *ours );
         for( theirs = start; theirs != end; theirs += cur_len )
         {
-            /* If the list is well formed, we should get equality first */
-            if( theirs > end )
-            {
-                mbedtls_ssl_send_alert_message( ssl, MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_LEVEL_FATAL,
-                                                MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_MSG_ILLEGAL_PARAMETER );
-                return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_BAD_HS_CLIENT_HELLO );
-            }
-
             cur_len = *theirs++;
 
-            /* Empty strings MUST NOT be included */
-            if( cur_len == 0 )
-            {
-                mbedtls_ssl_send_alert_message( ssl, MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_LEVEL_FATAL,
-                                                MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_MSG_ILLEGAL_PARAMETER );
-                return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_BAD_HS_CLIENT_HELLO );
-            }
-
             if( cur_len == ours_len &&
                 memcmp( theirs, *ours, cur_len ) == 0 )
             {
@@ -785,7 +793,7 @@
     const mbedtls_ssl_ciphersuite_t *suite_info;
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_2) && \
-    defined(MBEDTLS_KEY_EXCHANGE__WITH_CERT__ENABLED)    
+    defined(MBEDTLS_KEY_EXCHANGE__WITH_CERT__ENABLED)
     mbedtls_pk_type_t sig_type;
 #endif
 
@@ -2042,7 +2050,7 @@
     const mbedtls_ssl_ciphersuite_t *suite = NULL;
     const mbedtls_cipher_info_t *cipher = NULL;
 
-    if( ssl->session_negotiate->encrypt_then_mac == MBEDTLS_SSL_EXTENDED_MS_DISABLED ||
+    if( ssl->session_negotiate->encrypt_then_mac == MBEDTLS_SSL_ETM_DISABLED ||
         ssl->minor_ver == MBEDTLS_SSL_MINOR_VERSION_0 )
     {
         *olen = 0;
@@ -2936,10 +2944,11 @@
          *     opaque dh_Ys<1..2^16-1>;
          * } ServerDHParams;
          */
-        if( ( ret = mbedtls_mpi_copy( &ssl->handshake->dhm_ctx.P, &ssl->conf->dhm_P ) ) != 0 ||
-            ( ret = mbedtls_mpi_copy( &ssl->handshake->dhm_ctx.G, &ssl->conf->dhm_G ) ) != 0 )
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_dhm_set_group( &ssl->handshake->dhm_ctx,
+                                           &ssl->conf->dhm_P,
+                                           &ssl->conf->dhm_G ) ) != 0 )
         {
-            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_RET( 1, "mbedtls_mpi_copy", ret );
+            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_RET( 1, "mbedtls_dhm_set_group", ret );
             return( ret );
         }
 
@@ -2953,7 +2962,7 @@
             return( ret );
         }
 
-#if defined(MBEDTLS_KEY_EXCHANGE__WITH_SERVER_SIGNATURE__ENABLED)        
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_KEY_EXCHANGE__WITH_SERVER_SIGNATURE__ENABLED)
         dig_signed = ssl->out_msg + ssl->out_msglen;
 #endif
 
@@ -3037,13 +3046,13 @@
     if( mbedtls_ssl_ciphersuite_uses_server_signature( ciphersuite_info ) )
     {
         size_t dig_signed_len = ssl->out_msg + ssl->out_msglen - dig_signed;
-        unsigned int hashlen = 0;
+        size_t hashlen = 0;
         unsigned char hash[MBEDTLS_MD_MAX_SIZE];
         int ret;
 
         /*
          * 2.1: Choose hash algorithm:
-         * A: For TLS 1.2, obey signature-hash-algorithm extension 
+         * A: For TLS 1.2, obey signature-hash-algorithm extension
          *    to choose appropriate hash.
          * B: For SSL3, TLS1.0, TLS1.1 and ECDHE_ECDSA, use SHA1
          *    (RFC 4492, Sec. 5.4)
@@ -3064,7 +3073,7 @@
                                                           sig_alg ) ) == MBEDTLS_MD_NONE )
             {
                 MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "should never happen" ) );
-                /* (... because we choose a cipher suite 
+                /* (... because we choose a cipher suite
                  *      only if there is a matching hash.) */
                 return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_INTERNAL_ERROR );
             }
@@ -3095,40 +3104,12 @@
     defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_1)
         if( md_alg == MBEDTLS_MD_NONE )
         {
-            mbedtls_md5_context mbedtls_md5;
-            mbedtls_sha1_context mbedtls_sha1;
-
-            mbedtls_md5_init(  &mbedtls_md5  );
-            mbedtls_sha1_init( &mbedtls_sha1 );
-
-            /*
-             * digitally-signed struct {
-             *     opaque md5_hash[16];
-             *     opaque sha_hash[20];
-             * };
-             *
-             * md5_hash
-             *     MD5(ClientHello.random + ServerHello.random
-             *                            + ServerParams);
-             * sha_hash
-             *     SHA(ClientHello.random + ServerHello.random
-             *                            + ServerParams);
-             */
-
-            mbedtls_md5_starts( &mbedtls_md5 );
-            mbedtls_md5_update( &mbedtls_md5, ssl->handshake->randbytes,  64 );
-            mbedtls_md5_update( &mbedtls_md5, dig_signed, dig_signed_len );
-            mbedtls_md5_finish( &mbedtls_md5, hash );
-
-            mbedtls_sha1_starts( &mbedtls_sha1 );
-            mbedtls_sha1_update( &mbedtls_sha1, ssl->handshake->randbytes,  64 );
-            mbedtls_sha1_update( &mbedtls_sha1, dig_signed, dig_signed_len );
-            mbedtls_sha1_finish( &mbedtls_sha1, hash + 16 );
-
             hashlen = 36;
-
-            mbedtls_md5_free(  &mbedtls_md5  );
-            mbedtls_sha1_free( &mbedtls_sha1 );
+            ret = mbedtls_ssl_get_key_exchange_md_ssl_tls( ssl, hash,
+                                                           dig_signed,
+                                                           dig_signed_len );
+            if( ret != 0 )
+                return( ret );
         }
         else
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_SSL3 || MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1 || \
@@ -3137,31 +3118,12 @@
     defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_2)
         if( md_alg != MBEDTLS_MD_NONE )
         {
-            mbedtls_md_context_t ctx;
-            const mbedtls_md_info_t *md_info = mbedtls_md_info_from_type( md_alg );
-
-            mbedtls_md_init( &ctx );
-
-            hashlen = mbedtls_md_get_size( md_info );
-
-            /*
-             * digitally-signed struct {
-             *     opaque client_random[32];
-             *     opaque server_random[32];
-             *     ServerDHParams params;
-             * };
-             */
-            if( ( ret = mbedtls_md_setup( &ctx, md_info, 0 ) ) != 0 )
-            {
-                MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_RET( 1, "mbedtls_md_setup", ret );
+            ret = mbedtls_ssl_get_key_exchange_md_tls1_2( ssl, hash, &hashlen,
+                                                          dig_signed,
+                                                          dig_signed_len,
+                                                          md_alg );
+            if( ret != 0 )
                 return( ret );
-            }
-
-            mbedtls_md_starts( &ctx );
-            mbedtls_md_update( &ctx, ssl->handshake->randbytes, 64 );
-            mbedtls_md_update( &ctx, dig_signed, dig_signed_len );
-            mbedtls_md_finish( &ctx, hash );
-            mbedtls_md_free( &ctx );
         }
         else
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1 || MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_1 || \
@@ -3627,7 +3589,7 @@
     /*
      * Receive client pre-shared key identity name
      */
-    if( *p + 2 > end )
+    if( end - *p < 2 )
     {
         MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "bad client key exchange message" ) );
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_BAD_HS_CLIENT_KEY_EXCHANGE );
@@ -3636,7 +3598,7 @@
     n = ( (*p)[0] << 8 ) | (*p)[1];
     *p += 2;
 
-    if( n < 1 || n > 65535 || *p + n > end )
+    if( n < 1 || n > 65535 || n > (size_t) ( end - *p ) )
     {
         MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "bad client key exchange message" ) );
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_BAD_HS_CLIENT_KEY_EXCHANGE );
@@ -4008,7 +3970,10 @@
     /* Read the message without adding it to the checksum */
     do {
 
-        if( ( ret = mbedtls_ssl_read_record_layer( ssl ) ) != 0 )
+        do ret = mbedtls_ssl_read_record_layer( ssl );
+        while( ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_CONTINUE_PROCESSING );
+
+        if( ret != 0 )
         {
             MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_RET( 1, ( "mbedtls_ssl_read_record_layer" ), ret );
             return( ret );
@@ -4016,7 +3981,8 @@
 
         ret = mbedtls_ssl_handle_message_type( ssl );
 
-    } while( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_NON_FATAL == ret );
+    } while( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_NON_FATAL           == ret ||
+             MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_CONTINUE_PROCESSING == ret );
 
     if( 0 != ret )
     {
diff --git a/library/ssl_tls.c b/library/ssl_tls.c
index 9626fa7..8ad3494 100644
--- a/library/ssl_tls.c
+++ b/library/ssl_tls.c
@@ -221,6 +221,7 @@
                      const unsigned char *random, size_t rlen,
                      unsigned char *dstbuf, size_t dlen )
 {
+    int ret = 0;
     size_t i;
     mbedtls_md5_context md5;
     mbedtls_sha1_context sha1;
@@ -243,25 +244,35 @@
     {
         memset( padding, (unsigned char) ('A' + i), 1 + i );
 
-        mbedtls_sha1_starts( &sha1 );
-        mbedtls_sha1_update( &sha1, padding, 1 + i );
-        mbedtls_sha1_update( &sha1, secret, slen );
-        mbedtls_sha1_update( &sha1, random, rlen );
-        mbedtls_sha1_finish( &sha1, sha1sum );
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha1_starts_ret( &sha1 ) ) != 0 )
+            goto exit;
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha1_update_ret( &sha1, padding, 1 + i ) ) != 0 )
+            goto exit;
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha1_update_ret( &sha1, secret, slen ) ) != 0 )
+            goto exit;
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha1_update_ret( &sha1, random, rlen ) ) != 0 )
+            goto exit;
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha1_finish_ret( &sha1, sha1sum ) ) != 0 )
+            goto exit;
 
-        mbedtls_md5_starts( &md5 );
-        mbedtls_md5_update( &md5, secret, slen );
-        mbedtls_md5_update( &md5, sha1sum, 20 );
-        mbedtls_md5_finish( &md5, dstbuf + i * 16 );
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_md5_starts_ret( &md5 ) ) != 0 )
+            goto exit;
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_md5_update_ret( &md5, secret, slen ) ) != 0 )
+            goto exit;
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_md5_update_ret( &md5, sha1sum, 20 ) ) != 0 )
+            goto exit;
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_md5_finish_ret( &md5, dstbuf + i * 16 ) ) != 0 )
+            goto exit;
     }
 
+exit:
     mbedtls_md5_free(  &md5  );
     mbedtls_sha1_free( &sha1 );
 
     mbedtls_zeroize( padding, sizeof( padding ) );
     mbedtls_zeroize( sha1sum, sizeof( sha1sum ) );
 
-    return( 0 );
+    return( ret );
 }
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_SSL3 */
 
@@ -490,6 +501,7 @@
     unsigned char *key2;
     unsigned char *mac_enc;
     unsigned char *mac_dec;
+    size_t mac_key_len;
     size_t iv_copy_len;
     const mbedtls_cipher_info_t *cipher_info;
     const mbedtls_md_info_t *md_info;
@@ -681,6 +693,7 @@
         cipher_info->mode == MBEDTLS_MODE_CCM )
     {
         transform->maclen = 0;
+        mac_key_len = 0;
 
         transform->ivlen = 12;
         transform->fixed_ivlen = 4;
@@ -701,7 +714,8 @@
         }
 
         /* Get MAC length */
-        transform->maclen = mbedtls_md_get_size( md_info );
+        mac_key_len = mbedtls_md_get_size( md_info );
+        transform->maclen = mac_key_len;
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_TRUNCATED_HMAC)
         /*
@@ -710,7 +724,16 @@
          * so we only need to adjust the length here.
          */
         if( session->trunc_hmac == MBEDTLS_SSL_TRUNC_HMAC_ENABLED )
+        {
             transform->maclen = MBEDTLS_SSL_TRUNCATED_HMAC_LEN;
+
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_TRUNCATED_HMAC_COMPAT)
+            /* Fall back to old, non-compliant version of the truncated
+             * HMAC implementation which also truncates the key
+             * (Mbed TLS versions from 1.3 to 2.6.0) */
+            mac_key_len = transform->maclen;
+#endif
+        }
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_TRUNCATED_HMAC */
 
         /* IV length */
@@ -772,11 +795,11 @@
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_CLI_C)
     if( ssl->conf->endpoint == MBEDTLS_SSL_IS_CLIENT )
     {
-        key1 = keyblk + transform->maclen * 2;
-        key2 = keyblk + transform->maclen * 2 + transform->keylen;
+        key1 = keyblk + mac_key_len * 2;
+        key2 = keyblk + mac_key_len * 2 + transform->keylen;
 
         mac_enc = keyblk;
-        mac_dec = keyblk + transform->maclen;
+        mac_dec = keyblk + mac_key_len;
 
         /*
          * This is not used in TLS v1.1.
@@ -792,10 +815,10 @@
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_SRV_C)
     if( ssl->conf->endpoint == MBEDTLS_SSL_IS_SERVER )
     {
-        key1 = keyblk + transform->maclen * 2 + transform->keylen;
-        key2 = keyblk + transform->maclen * 2;
+        key1 = keyblk + mac_key_len * 2 + transform->keylen;
+        key2 = keyblk + mac_key_len * 2;
 
-        mac_enc = keyblk + transform->maclen;
+        mac_enc = keyblk + mac_key_len;
         mac_dec = keyblk;
 
         /*
@@ -817,14 +840,14 @@
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_SSL3)
     if( ssl->minor_ver == MBEDTLS_SSL_MINOR_VERSION_0 )
     {
-        if( transform->maclen > sizeof transform->mac_enc )
+        if( mac_key_len > sizeof transform->mac_enc )
         {
             MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "should never happen" ) );
             return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_INTERNAL_ERROR );
         }
 
-        memcpy( transform->mac_enc, mac_enc, transform->maclen );
-        memcpy( transform->mac_dec, mac_dec, transform->maclen );
+        memcpy( transform->mac_enc, mac_enc, mac_key_len );
+        memcpy( transform->mac_dec, mac_dec, mac_key_len );
     }
     else
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_SSL3 */
@@ -832,8 +855,13 @@
     defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_2)
     if( ssl->minor_ver >= MBEDTLS_SSL_MINOR_VERSION_1 )
     {
-        mbedtls_md_hmac_starts( &transform->md_ctx_enc, mac_enc, transform->maclen );
-        mbedtls_md_hmac_starts( &transform->md_ctx_dec, mac_dec, transform->maclen );
+        /* For HMAC-based ciphersuites, initialize the HMAC transforms.
+           For AEAD-based ciphersuites, there is nothing to do here. */
+        if( mac_key_len != 0 )
+        {
+            mbedtls_md_hmac_starts( &transform->md_ctx_enc, mac_enc, mac_key_len );
+            mbedtls_md_hmac_starts( &transform->md_ctx_dec, mac_dec, mac_key_len );
+        }
     }
     else
 #endif
@@ -853,7 +881,7 @@
                                         transform->iv_enc, transform->iv_dec,
                                         iv_copy_len,
                                         mac_enc, mac_dec,
-                                        transform->maclen ) ) != 0 )
+                                        mac_key_len ) ) != 0 )
         {
             MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_RET( 1, "mbedtls_ssl_hw_record_init", ret );
             return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_HW_ACCEL_FAILED );
@@ -866,7 +894,7 @@
     {
         ssl->conf->f_export_keys( ssl->conf->p_export_keys,
                                   session->master, keyblk,
-                                  transform->maclen, transform->keylen,
+                                  mac_key_len, transform->keylen,
                                   iv_copy_len );
     }
 #endif
@@ -978,25 +1006,25 @@
     memset( pad_1, 0x36, 48 );
     memset( pad_2, 0x5C, 48 );
 
-    mbedtls_md5_update( &md5, ssl->session_negotiate->master, 48 );
-    mbedtls_md5_update( &md5, pad_1, 48 );
-    mbedtls_md5_finish( &md5, hash );
+    mbedtls_md5_update_ret( &md5, ssl->session_negotiate->master, 48 );
+    mbedtls_md5_update_ret( &md5, pad_1, 48 );
+    mbedtls_md5_finish_ret( &md5, hash );
 
-    mbedtls_md5_starts( &md5 );
-    mbedtls_md5_update( &md5, ssl->session_negotiate->master, 48 );
-    mbedtls_md5_update( &md5, pad_2, 48 );
-    mbedtls_md5_update( &md5, hash,  16 );
-    mbedtls_md5_finish( &md5, hash );
+    mbedtls_md5_starts_ret( &md5 );
+    mbedtls_md5_update_ret( &md5, ssl->session_negotiate->master, 48 );
+    mbedtls_md5_update_ret( &md5, pad_2, 48 );
+    mbedtls_md5_update_ret( &md5, hash,  16 );
+    mbedtls_md5_finish_ret( &md5, hash );
 
-    mbedtls_sha1_update( &sha1, ssl->session_negotiate->master, 48 );
-    mbedtls_sha1_update( &sha1, pad_1, 40 );
-    mbedtls_sha1_finish( &sha1, hash + 16 );
+    mbedtls_sha1_update_ret( &sha1, ssl->session_negotiate->master, 48 );
+    mbedtls_sha1_update_ret( &sha1, pad_1, 40 );
+    mbedtls_sha1_finish_ret( &sha1, hash + 16 );
 
-    mbedtls_sha1_starts( &sha1 );
-    mbedtls_sha1_update( &sha1, ssl->session_negotiate->master, 48 );
-    mbedtls_sha1_update( &sha1, pad_2, 40 );
-    mbedtls_sha1_update( &sha1, hash + 16, 20 );
-    mbedtls_sha1_finish( &sha1, hash + 16 );
+    mbedtls_sha1_starts_ret( &sha1 );
+    mbedtls_sha1_update_ret( &sha1, ssl->session_negotiate->master, 48 );
+    mbedtls_sha1_update_ret( &sha1, pad_2, 40 );
+    mbedtls_sha1_update_ret( &sha1, hash + 16, 20 );
+    mbedtls_sha1_finish_ret( &sha1, hash + 16 );
 
     MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_BUF( 3, "calculated verify result", hash, 36 );
     MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 2, ( "<= calc verify" ) );
@@ -1022,8 +1050,8 @@
     mbedtls_md5_clone( &md5, &ssl->handshake->fin_md5 );
     mbedtls_sha1_clone( &sha1, &ssl->handshake->fin_sha1 );
 
-     mbedtls_md5_finish( &md5,  hash );
-    mbedtls_sha1_finish( &sha1, hash + 16 );
+     mbedtls_md5_finish_ret( &md5,  hash );
+    mbedtls_sha1_finish_ret( &sha1, hash + 16 );
 
     MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_BUF( 3, "calculated verify result", hash, 36 );
     MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 2, ( "<= calc verify" ) );
@@ -1046,7 +1074,7 @@
     MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 2, ( "=> calc verify sha256" ) );
 
     mbedtls_sha256_clone( &sha256, &ssl->handshake->fin_sha256 );
-    mbedtls_sha256_finish( &sha256, hash );
+    mbedtls_sha256_finish_ret( &sha256, hash );
 
     MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_BUF( 3, "calculated verify result", hash, 32 );
     MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 2, ( "<= calc verify" ) );
@@ -1067,7 +1095,7 @@
     MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 2, ( "=> calc verify sha384" ) );
 
     mbedtls_sha512_clone( &sha512, &ssl->handshake->fin_sha512 );
-    mbedtls_sha512_finish( &sha512, hash );
+    mbedtls_sha512_finish_ret( &sha512, hash );
 
     MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_BUF( 3, "calculated verify result", hash, 48 );
     MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 2, ( "<= calc verify" ) );
@@ -1203,9 +1231,12 @@
 /*
  * SSLv3.0 MAC functions
  */
-static void ssl_mac( mbedtls_md_context_t *md_ctx, unsigned char *secret,
-                     unsigned char *buf, size_t len,
-                     unsigned char *ctr, int type )
+#define SSL_MAC_MAX_BYTES   20  /* MD-5 or SHA-1 */
+static void ssl_mac( mbedtls_md_context_t *md_ctx,
+                     const unsigned char *secret,
+                     const unsigned char *buf, size_t len,
+                     const unsigned char *ctr, int type,
+                     unsigned char out[SSL_MAC_MAX_BYTES] )
 {
     unsigned char header[11];
     unsigned char padding[48];
@@ -1230,14 +1261,14 @@
     mbedtls_md_update( md_ctx, padding, padlen  );
     mbedtls_md_update( md_ctx, header,  11      );
     mbedtls_md_update( md_ctx, buf,     len     );
-    mbedtls_md_finish( md_ctx, buf +    len     );
+    mbedtls_md_finish( md_ctx, out              );
 
     memset( padding, 0x5C, padlen );
     mbedtls_md_starts( md_ctx );
     mbedtls_md_update( md_ctx, secret,    md_size );
     mbedtls_md_update( md_ctx, padding,   padlen  );
-    mbedtls_md_update( md_ctx, buf + len, md_size );
-    mbedtls_md_finish( md_ctx, buf + len          );
+    mbedtls_md_update( md_ctx, out,       md_size );
+    mbedtls_md_finish( md_ctx, out                );
 }
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_SSL3 */
 
@@ -1268,6 +1299,14 @@
     MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_BUF( 4, "before encrypt: output payload",
                       ssl->out_msg, ssl->out_msglen );
 
+    if( ssl->out_msglen > MBEDTLS_SSL_MAX_CONTENT_LEN )
+    {
+        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "Record content %u too large, maximum %d",
+                                    (unsigned) ssl->out_msglen,
+                                    MBEDTLS_SSL_MAX_CONTENT_LEN ) );
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+    }
+
     /*
      * Add MAC before if needed
      */
@@ -1282,10 +1321,15 @@
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_SSL3)
         if( ssl->minor_ver == MBEDTLS_SSL_MINOR_VERSION_0 )
         {
+            unsigned char mac[SSL_MAC_MAX_BYTES];
+
             ssl_mac( &ssl->transform_out->md_ctx_enc,
                       ssl->transform_out->mac_enc,
                       ssl->out_msg, ssl->out_msglen,
-                      ssl->out_ctr, ssl->out_msgtype );
+                      ssl->out_ctr, ssl->out_msgtype,
+                      mac );
+
+            memcpy( ssl->out_msg + ssl->out_msglen, mac, ssl->transform_out->maclen );
         }
         else
 #endif
@@ -1293,14 +1337,17 @@
         defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_2)
         if( ssl->minor_ver >= MBEDTLS_SSL_MINOR_VERSION_1 )
         {
+            unsigned char mac[MBEDTLS_SSL_MAC_ADD];
+
             mbedtls_md_hmac_update( &ssl->transform_out->md_ctx_enc, ssl->out_ctr, 8 );
             mbedtls_md_hmac_update( &ssl->transform_out->md_ctx_enc, ssl->out_hdr, 3 );
             mbedtls_md_hmac_update( &ssl->transform_out->md_ctx_enc, ssl->out_len, 2 );
             mbedtls_md_hmac_update( &ssl->transform_out->md_ctx_enc,
                              ssl->out_msg, ssl->out_msglen );
-            mbedtls_md_hmac_finish( &ssl->transform_out->md_ctx_enc,
-                             ssl->out_msg + ssl->out_msglen );
+            mbedtls_md_hmac_finish( &ssl->transform_out->md_ctx_enc, mac );
             mbedtls_md_hmac_reset( &ssl->transform_out->md_ctx_enc );
+
+            memcpy( ssl->out_msg + ssl->out_msglen, mac, ssl->transform_out->maclen );
         }
         else
 #endif
@@ -1562,8 +1609,6 @@
     return( 0 );
 }
 
-#define SSL_MAX_MAC_SIZE   48
-
 static int ssl_decrypt_buf( mbedtls_ssl_context *ssl )
 {
     size_t i;
@@ -1731,7 +1776,7 @@
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_ENCRYPT_THEN_MAC)
         if( ssl->session_in->encrypt_then_mac == MBEDTLS_SSL_ETM_ENABLED )
         {
-            unsigned char computed_mac[SSL_MAX_MAC_SIZE];
+            unsigned char mac_expect[MBEDTLS_SSL_MAC_ADD];
             unsigned char pseudo_hdr[13];
 
             MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 3, ( "using encrypt then mac" ) );
@@ -1749,16 +1794,16 @@
             mbedtls_md_hmac_update( &ssl->transform_in->md_ctx_dec, pseudo_hdr, 13 );
             mbedtls_md_hmac_update( &ssl->transform_in->md_ctx_dec,
                              ssl->in_iv, ssl->in_msglen );
-            mbedtls_md_hmac_finish( &ssl->transform_in->md_ctx_dec, computed_mac );
+            mbedtls_md_hmac_finish( &ssl->transform_in->md_ctx_dec, mac_expect );
             mbedtls_md_hmac_reset( &ssl->transform_in->md_ctx_dec );
 
             MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_BUF( 4, "message  mac", ssl->in_iv + ssl->in_msglen,
                                               ssl->transform_in->maclen );
-            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_BUF( 4, "computed mac", computed_mac,
+            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_BUF( 4, "expected mac", mac_expect,
                                               ssl->transform_in->maclen );
 
-            if( mbedtls_ssl_safer_memcmp( ssl->in_iv + ssl->in_msglen, computed_mac,
-                              ssl->transform_in->maclen ) != 0 )
+            if( mbedtls_ssl_safer_memcmp( ssl->in_iv + ssl->in_msglen, mac_expect,
+                                          ssl->transform_in->maclen ) != 0 )
             {
                 MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "message mac does not match" ) );
 
@@ -1918,22 +1963,21 @@
 #if defined(SSL_SOME_MODES_USE_MAC)
     if( auth_done == 0 )
     {
-        unsigned char tmp[SSL_MAX_MAC_SIZE];
+        unsigned char mac_expect[MBEDTLS_SSL_MAC_ADD];
 
         ssl->in_msglen -= ssl->transform_in->maclen;
 
         ssl->in_len[0] = (unsigned char)( ssl->in_msglen >> 8 );
         ssl->in_len[1] = (unsigned char)( ssl->in_msglen      );
 
-        memcpy( tmp, ssl->in_msg + ssl->in_msglen, ssl->transform_in->maclen );
-
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_SSL3)
         if( ssl->minor_ver == MBEDTLS_SSL_MINOR_VERSION_0 )
         {
             ssl_mac( &ssl->transform_in->md_ctx_dec,
                       ssl->transform_in->mac_dec,
                       ssl->in_msg, ssl->in_msglen,
-                      ssl->in_ctr, ssl->in_msgtype );
+                      ssl->in_ctr, ssl->in_msgtype,
+                      mac_expect );
         }
         else
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_SSL3 */
@@ -1965,8 +2009,7 @@
             mbedtls_md_hmac_update( &ssl->transform_in->md_ctx_dec, ssl->in_len, 2 );
             mbedtls_md_hmac_update( &ssl->transform_in->md_ctx_dec, ssl->in_msg,
                              ssl->in_msglen );
-            mbedtls_md_hmac_finish( &ssl->transform_in->md_ctx_dec,
-                             ssl->in_msg + ssl->in_msglen );
+            mbedtls_md_hmac_finish( &ssl->transform_in->md_ctx_dec, mac_expect );
             /* Call mbedtls_md_process at least once due to cache attacks */
             for( j = 0; j < extra_run + 1; j++ )
                 mbedtls_md_process( &ssl->transform_in->md_ctx_dec, ssl->in_msg );
@@ -1981,12 +2024,12 @@
             return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_INTERNAL_ERROR );
         }
 
-        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_BUF( 4, "message  mac", tmp, ssl->transform_in->maclen );
-        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_BUF( 4, "computed mac", ssl->in_msg + ssl->in_msglen,
-                       ssl->transform_in->maclen );
+        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_BUF( 4, "expected mac", mac_expect, ssl->transform_in->maclen );
+        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_BUF( 4, "message  mac", ssl->in_msg + ssl->in_msglen,
+                               ssl->transform_in->maclen );
 
-        if( mbedtls_ssl_safer_memcmp( tmp, ssl->in_msg + ssl->in_msglen,
-                         ssl->transform_in->maclen ) != 0 )
+        if( mbedtls_ssl_safer_memcmp( ssl->in_msg + ssl->in_msglen, mac_expect,
+                                      ssl->transform_in->maclen ) != 0 )
         {
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_ALL)
             MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "message mac does not match" ) );
@@ -2294,7 +2337,10 @@
          * that will end up being dropped.
          */
         if( ssl_check_timer( ssl ) != 0 )
+        {
+            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 2, ( "timer has expired" ) );
             ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_TIMEOUT;
+        }
         else
         {
             len = MBEDTLS_SSL_BUFFER_LEN - ( ssl->in_hdr - ssl->in_buf );
@@ -2396,6 +2442,14 @@
             if( ret < 0 )
                 return( ret );
 
+            if ( (size_t)ret > len || ( INT_MAX > SIZE_MAX && ret > SIZE_MAX ) )
+            {
+                MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, 
+                    ( "f_recv returned %d bytes but only %lu were requested", 
+                    ret, (unsigned long)len ) );
+                return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_INTERNAL_ERROR );
+            }
+
             ssl->in_left += ret;
         }
     }
@@ -2443,6 +2497,14 @@
         if( ret <= 0 )
             return( ret );
 
+        if( (size_t)ret > ssl->out_left || ( INT_MAX > SIZE_MAX && ret > SIZE_MAX ) )
+        {
+            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, 
+                ( "f_send returned %d bytes but only %lu bytes were sent", 
+                ret, (unsigned long)ssl->out_left ) );
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_INTERNAL_ERROR );
+        }
+
         ssl->out_left -= ret;
     }
 
@@ -2735,6 +2797,15 @@
         if( ssl->conf->transport == MBEDTLS_SSL_TRANSPORT_DATAGRAM )
         {
             /* Make room for the additional DTLS fields */
+            if( MBEDTLS_SSL_MAX_CONTENT_LEN - ssl->out_msglen < 8 )
+            {
+                MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "DTLS handshake message too large: "
+                              "size %u, maximum %u",
+                               (unsigned) ( ssl->in_hslen - 4 ),
+                               (unsigned) ( MBEDTLS_SSL_MAX_CONTENT_LEN - 12 ) ) );
+                return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
+            }
+
             memmove( ssl->out_msg + 12, ssl->out_msg + 4, len - 4 );
             ssl->out_msglen += 8;
             len += 8;
@@ -3017,7 +3088,7 @@
     if( ssl_bitmask_check( bitmask, msg_len ) != 0 )
     {
         MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 2, ( "message is not complete yet" ) );
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_READ );
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_CONTINUE_PROCESSING );
     }
 
     MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 2, ( "handshake message completed" ) );
@@ -3094,9 +3165,11 @@
         int ret;
         unsigned int recv_msg_seq = ( ssl->in_msg[4] << 8 ) | ssl->in_msg[5];
 
-        /* ssl->handshake is NULL when receiving ClientHello for renego */
         if( ssl->handshake != NULL &&
-            recv_msg_seq != ssl->handshake->in_msg_seq )
+            ( ( ssl->state   != MBEDTLS_SSL_HANDSHAKE_OVER &&
+                recv_msg_seq != ssl->handshake->in_msg_seq ) ||
+              ( ssl->state  == MBEDTLS_SSL_HANDSHAKE_OVER &&
+                ssl->in_msg[0] != MBEDTLS_SSL_HS_CLIENT_HELLO ) ) )
         {
             /* Retransmit only on last message from previous flight, to avoid
              * too many retransmissions.
@@ -3123,7 +3196,7 @@
                                     ssl->handshake->in_msg_seq ) );
             }
 
-            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_READ );
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_CONTINUE_PROCESSING );
         }
         /* Wait until message completion to increment in_msg_seq */
 
@@ -3526,81 +3599,23 @@
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_INVALID_RECORD );
     }
 
-    /* Check length against bounds of the current transform and version */
-    if( ssl->transform_in == NULL )
-    {
-        if( ssl->in_msglen < 1 ||
-            ssl->in_msglen > MBEDTLS_SSL_MAX_CONTENT_LEN )
-        {
-            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "bad message length" ) );
-            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_INVALID_RECORD );
-        }
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        if( ssl->in_msglen < ssl->transform_in->minlen )
-        {
-            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "bad message length" ) );
-            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_INVALID_RECORD );
-        }
-
-#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_SSL3)
-        if( ssl->minor_ver == MBEDTLS_SSL_MINOR_VERSION_0 &&
-            ssl->in_msglen > ssl->transform_in->minlen + MBEDTLS_SSL_MAX_CONTENT_LEN )
-        {
-            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "bad message length" ) );
-            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_INVALID_RECORD );
-        }
-#endif
-#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1) || defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_1) || \
-    defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_2)
-        /*
-         * TLS encrypted messages can have up to 256 bytes of padding
-         */
-        if( ssl->minor_ver >= MBEDTLS_SSL_MINOR_VERSION_1 &&
-            ssl->in_msglen > ssl->transform_in->minlen +
-                             MBEDTLS_SSL_MAX_CONTENT_LEN + 256 )
-        {
-            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "bad message length" ) );
-            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_INVALID_RECORD );
-        }
-#endif
-    }
-
     /*
-     * DTLS-related tests done last, because most of them may result in
-     * silently dropping the record (but not the whole datagram), and we only
-     * want to consider that after ensuring that the "basic" fields (type,
-     * version, length) are sane.
+     * DTLS-related tests.
+     * Check epoch before checking length constraint because
+     * the latter varies with the epoch. E.g., if a ChangeCipherSpec
+     * message gets duplicated before the corresponding Finished message,
+     * the second ChangeCipherSpec should be discarded because it belongs
+     * to an old epoch, but not because its length is shorter than
+     * the minimum record length for packets using the new record transform.
+     * Note that these two kinds of failures are handled differently,
+     * as an unexpected record is silently skipped but an invalid
+     * record leads to the entire datagram being dropped.
      */
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_DTLS)
     if( ssl->conf->transport == MBEDTLS_SSL_TRANSPORT_DATAGRAM )
     {
         unsigned int rec_epoch = ( ssl->in_ctr[0] << 8 ) | ssl->in_ctr[1];
 
-        /* Drop unexpected ChangeCipherSpec messages */
-        if( ssl->in_msgtype == MBEDTLS_SSL_MSG_CHANGE_CIPHER_SPEC &&
-            ssl->state != MBEDTLS_SSL_CLIENT_CHANGE_CIPHER_SPEC &&
-            ssl->state != MBEDTLS_SSL_SERVER_CHANGE_CIPHER_SPEC )
-        {
-            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "dropping unexpected ChangeCipherSpec" ) );
-            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_UNEXPECTED_RECORD );
-        }
-
-        /* Drop unexpected ApplicationData records,
-         * except at the beginning of renegotiations */
-        if( ssl->in_msgtype == MBEDTLS_SSL_MSG_APPLICATION_DATA &&
-            ssl->state != MBEDTLS_SSL_HANDSHAKE_OVER
-#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_RENEGOTIATION)
-            && ! ( ssl->renego_status == MBEDTLS_SSL_RENEGOTIATION_IN_PROGRESS &&
-                   ssl->state == MBEDTLS_SSL_SERVER_HELLO )
-#endif
-            )
-        {
-            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "dropping unexpected ApplicationData" ) );
-            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_UNEXPECTED_RECORD );
-        }
-
         /* Check epoch (and sequence number) with DTLS */
         if( rec_epoch != ssl->in_epoch )
         {
@@ -3640,9 +3655,74 @@
             return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_UNEXPECTED_RECORD );
         }
 #endif
+
+        /* Drop unexpected ChangeCipherSpec messages */
+        if( ssl->in_msgtype == MBEDTLS_SSL_MSG_CHANGE_CIPHER_SPEC &&
+            ssl->state != MBEDTLS_SSL_CLIENT_CHANGE_CIPHER_SPEC &&
+            ssl->state != MBEDTLS_SSL_SERVER_CHANGE_CIPHER_SPEC )
+        {
+            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "dropping unexpected ChangeCipherSpec" ) );
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_UNEXPECTED_RECORD );
+        }
+
+        /* Drop unexpected ApplicationData records,
+         * except at the beginning of renegotiations */
+        if( ssl->in_msgtype == MBEDTLS_SSL_MSG_APPLICATION_DATA &&
+            ssl->state != MBEDTLS_SSL_HANDSHAKE_OVER
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_RENEGOTIATION)
+            && ! ( ssl->renego_status == MBEDTLS_SSL_RENEGOTIATION_IN_PROGRESS &&
+                   ssl->state == MBEDTLS_SSL_SERVER_HELLO )
+#endif
+            )
+        {
+            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "dropping unexpected ApplicationData" ) );
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_UNEXPECTED_RECORD );
+        }
     }
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_DTLS */
 
+
+    /* Check length against bounds of the current transform and version */
+    if( ssl->transform_in == NULL )
+    {
+        if( ssl->in_msglen < 1 ||
+            ssl->in_msglen > MBEDTLS_SSL_MAX_CONTENT_LEN )
+        {
+            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "bad message length" ) );
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_INVALID_RECORD );
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if( ssl->in_msglen < ssl->transform_in->minlen )
+        {
+            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "bad message length" ) );
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_INVALID_RECORD );
+        }
+
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_SSL3)
+        if( ssl->minor_ver == MBEDTLS_SSL_MINOR_VERSION_0 &&
+            ssl->in_msglen > ssl->transform_in->minlen + MBEDTLS_SSL_MAX_CONTENT_LEN )
+        {
+            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "bad message length" ) );
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_INVALID_RECORD );
+        }
+#endif
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1) || defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_1) || \
+    defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_2)
+        /*
+         * TLS encrypted messages can have up to 256 bytes of padding
+         */
+        if( ssl->minor_ver >= MBEDTLS_SSL_MINOR_VERSION_1 &&
+            ssl->in_msglen > ssl->transform_in->minlen +
+                             MBEDTLS_SSL_MAX_CONTENT_LEN + 256 )
+        {
+            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "bad message length" ) );
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_INVALID_RECORD );
+        }
+#endif
+    }
+
     return( 0 );
 }
 
@@ -3731,7 +3811,10 @@
     {
         do {
 
-            if( ( ret = mbedtls_ssl_read_record_layer( ssl ) ) != 0 )
+            do ret = mbedtls_ssl_read_record_layer( ssl );
+            while( ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_CONTINUE_PROCESSING );
+
+            if( ret != 0 )
             {
                 MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_RET( 1, ( "mbedtls_ssl_read_record_layer" ), ret );
                 return( ret );
@@ -3739,11 +3822,12 @@
 
             ret = mbedtls_ssl_handle_message_type( ssl );
 
-        } while( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_NON_FATAL == ret );
+        } while( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_NON_FATAL           == ret  ||
+                 MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_CONTINUE_PROCESSING == ret );
 
         if( 0 != ret )
         {
-            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_RET( 1, ( "mbedtls_ssl_read_record_layer" ), ret );
+            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_RET( 1, ( "mbedtls_ssl_handle_message_type" ), ret );
             return( ret );
         }
 
@@ -3781,11 +3865,6 @@
      * (2) Alert messages:
      *     Consume whole record content, in_msglen = 0.
      *
-     *     NOTE: This needs to be fixed, since like for
-     *     handshake messages it is allowed to have
-     *     multiple alerts witin a single record.
-     *     Internal reference IOTSSL-1321.
-     *
      * (3) Change cipher spec:
      *     Consume whole record content, in_msglen = 0.
      *
@@ -3813,12 +3892,12 @@
          */
 
         /* Notes:
-         * (1) in_hslen is *NOT* necessarily the size of the
+         * (1) in_hslen is not necessarily the size of the
          *     current handshake content: If DTLS handshake
          *     fragmentation is used, that's the fragment
          *     size instead. Using the total handshake message
-         *     size here is FAULTY and should be changed at
-         *     some point. Internal reference IOTSSL-1414.
+         *     size here is faulty and should be changed at
+         *     some point.
          * (2) While it doesn't seem to cause problems, one
          *     has to be very careful not to assume that in_hslen
          *     is always <= in_msglen in a sensible communication.
@@ -3869,12 +3948,6 @@
         return( 0 );
     }
 
-    /* Need to fetch a new record */
-
-#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_DTLS)
-read_record_header:
-#endif
-
     /* Current record either fully processed or to be discarded. */
 
     if( ( ret = mbedtls_ssl_fetch_input( ssl, mbedtls_ssl_hdr_len( ssl ) ) ) != 0 )
@@ -3909,7 +3982,7 @@
             }
 
             /* Get next record */
-            goto read_record_header;
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_CONTINUE_PROCESSING );
         }
 #endif
         return( ret );
@@ -3928,7 +4001,13 @@
     /* Done reading this record, get ready for the next one */
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_DTLS)
     if( ssl->conf->transport == MBEDTLS_SSL_TRANSPORT_DATAGRAM )
+    {
         ssl->next_record_offset = ssl->in_msglen + mbedtls_ssl_hdr_len( ssl );
+        if( ssl->next_record_offset < ssl->in_left )
+        {
+            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 3, ( "more than one record within datagram" ) );
+        }
+    }
     else
 #endif
         ssl->in_left = 0;
@@ -3975,7 +4054,7 @@
                 ssl->in_left = 0;
 
                 MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "discarding invalid record (mac)" ) );
-                goto read_record_header;
+                return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_CONTINUE_PROCESSING );
             }
 
             return( ret );
@@ -3996,46 +4075,6 @@
         }
     }
 
-    /*
-     * When we sent the last flight of the handshake, we MUST respond to a
-     * retransmit of the peer's previous flight with a retransmit. (In
-     * practice, only the Finished message will make it, other messages
-     * including CCS use the old transform so they're dropped as invalid.)
-     *
-     * If the record we received is not a handshake message, however, it
-     * means the peer received our last flight so we can clean up
-     * handshake info.
-     *
-     * This check needs to be done before prepare_handshake() due to an edge
-     * case: if the client immediately requests renegotiation, this
-     * finishes the current handshake first, avoiding the new ClientHello
-     * being mistaken for an ancient message in the current handshake.
-     */
-#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_DTLS)
-    if( ssl->conf->transport == MBEDTLS_SSL_TRANSPORT_DATAGRAM &&
-        ssl->handshake != NULL &&
-        ssl->state == MBEDTLS_SSL_HANDSHAKE_OVER )
-    {
-        if( ssl->in_msgtype == MBEDTLS_SSL_MSG_HANDSHAKE &&
-                ssl->in_msg[0] == MBEDTLS_SSL_HS_FINISHED )
-        {
-            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 2, ( "received retransmit of last flight" ) );
-
-            if( ( ret = mbedtls_ssl_resend( ssl ) ) != 0 )
-            {
-                MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_RET( 1, "mbedtls_ssl_resend", ret );
-                return( ret );
-            }
-
-            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_READ );
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            ssl_handshake_wrapup_free_hs_transform( ssl );
-        }
-    }
-#endif
-
     return( 0 );
 }
 
@@ -4080,7 +4119,7 @@
         if( ssl->in_msg[0] == MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_LEVEL_WARNING &&
             ssl->in_msg[1] == MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_MSG_NO_RENEGOTIATION )
         {
-            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 2, ( "is a SSLv3 no_cert" ) );
+            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 2, ( "is a SSLv3 no renegotiation alert" ) );
             /* Will be handled when trying to parse ServerHello */
             return( 0 );
         }
@@ -4102,6 +4141,15 @@
         return MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_NON_FATAL;
     }
 
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_DTLS)
+    if( ssl->conf->transport == MBEDTLS_SSL_TRANSPORT_DATAGRAM &&
+        ssl->handshake != NULL &&
+        ssl->state == MBEDTLS_SSL_HANDSHAKE_OVER  )
+    {
+        ssl_handshake_wrapup_free_hs_transform( ssl );
+    }
+#endif
+
     return( 0 );
 }
 
@@ -4843,15 +4891,15 @@
 {
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_SSL3) || defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1) || \
     defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_1)
-     mbedtls_md5_starts( &ssl->handshake->fin_md5  );
-    mbedtls_sha1_starts( &ssl->handshake->fin_sha1 );
+     mbedtls_md5_starts_ret( &ssl->handshake->fin_md5  );
+    mbedtls_sha1_starts_ret( &ssl->handshake->fin_sha1 );
 #endif
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_2)
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SHA256_C)
-    mbedtls_sha256_starts( &ssl->handshake->fin_sha256, 0 );
+    mbedtls_sha256_starts_ret( &ssl->handshake->fin_sha256, 0 );
 #endif
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SHA512_C)
-    mbedtls_sha512_starts( &ssl->handshake->fin_sha512, 1 );
+    mbedtls_sha512_starts_ret( &ssl->handshake->fin_sha512, 1 );
 #endif
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_2 */
 }
@@ -4861,15 +4909,15 @@
 {
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_SSL3) || defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1) || \
     defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_1)
-     mbedtls_md5_update( &ssl->handshake->fin_md5 , buf, len );
-    mbedtls_sha1_update( &ssl->handshake->fin_sha1, buf, len );
+     mbedtls_md5_update_ret( &ssl->handshake->fin_md5 , buf, len );
+    mbedtls_sha1_update_ret( &ssl->handshake->fin_sha1, buf, len );
 #endif
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_2)
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SHA256_C)
-    mbedtls_sha256_update( &ssl->handshake->fin_sha256, buf, len );
+    mbedtls_sha256_update_ret( &ssl->handshake->fin_sha256, buf, len );
 #endif
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SHA512_C)
-    mbedtls_sha512_update( &ssl->handshake->fin_sha512, buf, len );
+    mbedtls_sha512_update_ret( &ssl->handshake->fin_sha512, buf, len );
 #endif
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_2 */
 }
@@ -4879,8 +4927,8 @@
 static void ssl_update_checksum_md5sha1( mbedtls_ssl_context *ssl,
                                          const unsigned char *buf, size_t len )
 {
-     mbedtls_md5_update( &ssl->handshake->fin_md5 , buf, len );
-    mbedtls_sha1_update( &ssl->handshake->fin_sha1, buf, len );
+     mbedtls_md5_update_ret( &ssl->handshake->fin_md5 , buf, len );
+    mbedtls_sha1_update_ret( &ssl->handshake->fin_sha1, buf, len );
 }
 #endif
 
@@ -4889,7 +4937,7 @@
 static void ssl_update_checksum_sha256( mbedtls_ssl_context *ssl,
                                         const unsigned char *buf, size_t len )
 {
-    mbedtls_sha256_update( &ssl->handshake->fin_sha256, buf, len );
+    mbedtls_sha256_update_ret( &ssl->handshake->fin_sha256, buf, len );
 }
 #endif
 
@@ -4897,7 +4945,7 @@
 static void ssl_update_checksum_sha384( mbedtls_ssl_context *ssl,
                                         const unsigned char *buf, size_t len )
 {
-    mbedtls_sha512_update( &ssl->handshake->fin_sha512, buf, len );
+    mbedtls_sha512_update_ret( &ssl->handshake->fin_sha512, buf, len );
 }
 #endif
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_2 */
@@ -4950,29 +4998,29 @@
 
     memset( padbuf, 0x36, 48 );
 
-    mbedtls_md5_update( &md5, (const unsigned char *) sender, 4 );
-    mbedtls_md5_update( &md5, session->master, 48 );
-    mbedtls_md5_update( &md5, padbuf, 48 );
-    mbedtls_md5_finish( &md5, md5sum );
+    mbedtls_md5_update_ret( &md5, (const unsigned char *) sender, 4 );
+    mbedtls_md5_update_ret( &md5, session->master, 48 );
+    mbedtls_md5_update_ret( &md5, padbuf, 48 );
+    mbedtls_md5_finish_ret( &md5, md5sum );
 
-    mbedtls_sha1_update( &sha1, (const unsigned char *) sender, 4 );
-    mbedtls_sha1_update( &sha1, session->master, 48 );
-    mbedtls_sha1_update( &sha1, padbuf, 40 );
-    mbedtls_sha1_finish( &sha1, sha1sum );
+    mbedtls_sha1_update_ret( &sha1, (const unsigned char *) sender, 4 );
+    mbedtls_sha1_update_ret( &sha1, session->master, 48 );
+    mbedtls_sha1_update_ret( &sha1, padbuf, 40 );
+    mbedtls_sha1_finish_ret( &sha1, sha1sum );
 
     memset( padbuf, 0x5C, 48 );
 
-    mbedtls_md5_starts( &md5 );
-    mbedtls_md5_update( &md5, session->master, 48 );
-    mbedtls_md5_update( &md5, padbuf, 48 );
-    mbedtls_md5_update( &md5, md5sum, 16 );
-    mbedtls_md5_finish( &md5, buf );
+    mbedtls_md5_starts_ret( &md5 );
+    mbedtls_md5_update_ret( &md5, session->master, 48 );
+    mbedtls_md5_update_ret( &md5, padbuf, 48 );
+    mbedtls_md5_update_ret( &md5, md5sum, 16 );
+    mbedtls_md5_finish_ret( &md5, buf );
 
-    mbedtls_sha1_starts( &sha1 );
-    mbedtls_sha1_update( &sha1, session->master, 48 );
-    mbedtls_sha1_update( &sha1, padbuf , 40 );
-    mbedtls_sha1_update( &sha1, sha1sum, 20 );
-    mbedtls_sha1_finish( &sha1, buf + 16 );
+    mbedtls_sha1_starts_ret( &sha1 );
+    mbedtls_sha1_update_ret( &sha1, session->master, 48 );
+    mbedtls_sha1_update_ret( &sha1, padbuf , 40 );
+    mbedtls_sha1_update_ret( &sha1, sha1sum, 20 );
+    mbedtls_sha1_finish_ret( &sha1, buf + 16 );
 
     MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_BUF( 3, "calc finished result", buf, 36 );
 
@@ -5029,8 +5077,8 @@
              ? "client finished"
              : "server finished";
 
-    mbedtls_md5_finish(  &md5, padbuf );
-    mbedtls_sha1_finish( &sha1, padbuf + 16 );
+    mbedtls_md5_finish_ret(  &md5, padbuf );
+    mbedtls_sha1_finish_ret( &sha1, padbuf + 16 );
 
     ssl->handshake->tls_prf( session->master, 48, sender,
                              padbuf, 36, buf, len );
@@ -5081,7 +5129,7 @@
              ? "client finished"
              : "server finished";
 
-    mbedtls_sha256_finish( &sha256, padbuf );
+    mbedtls_sha256_finish_ret( &sha256, padbuf );
 
     ssl->handshake->tls_prf( session->master, 48, sender,
                              padbuf, 32, buf, len );
@@ -5130,7 +5178,7 @@
              ? "client finished"
              : "server finished";
 
-    mbedtls_sha512_finish( &sha512, padbuf );
+    mbedtls_sha512_finish_ret( &sha512, padbuf );
 
     ssl->handshake->tls_prf( session->master, 48, sender,
                              padbuf, 48, buf, len );
@@ -5444,17 +5492,17 @@
     defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_1)
      mbedtls_md5_init(   &handshake->fin_md5  );
     mbedtls_sha1_init(   &handshake->fin_sha1 );
-     mbedtls_md5_starts( &handshake->fin_md5  );
-    mbedtls_sha1_starts( &handshake->fin_sha1 );
+     mbedtls_md5_starts_ret( &handshake->fin_md5  );
+    mbedtls_sha1_starts_ret( &handshake->fin_sha1 );
 #endif
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_2)
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SHA256_C)
     mbedtls_sha256_init(   &handshake->fin_sha256    );
-    mbedtls_sha256_starts( &handshake->fin_sha256, 0 );
+    mbedtls_sha256_starts_ret( &handshake->fin_sha256, 0 );
 #endif
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SHA512_C)
     mbedtls_sha512_init(   &handshake->fin_sha512    );
-    mbedtls_sha512_starts( &handshake->fin_sha512, 1 );
+    mbedtls_sha512_starts_ret( &handshake->fin_sha512, 1 );
 #endif
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_2 */
 
@@ -6056,12 +6104,19 @@
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
     }
 
-    if( conf->psk != NULL || conf->psk_identity != NULL )
+    if( conf->psk != NULL )
     {
+        mbedtls_zeroize( conf->psk, conf->psk_len );
+
         mbedtls_free( conf->psk );
-        mbedtls_free( conf->psk_identity );
         conf->psk = NULL;
+        conf->psk_len = 0;
+    }
+    if( conf->psk_identity != NULL )
+    {
+        mbedtls_free( conf->psk_identity );
         conf->psk_identity = NULL;
+        conf->psk_identity_len = 0;
     }
 
     if( ( conf->psk = mbedtls_calloc( 1, psk_len ) ) == NULL ||
@@ -6093,7 +6148,11 @@
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
 
     if( ssl->handshake->psk != NULL )
+    {
+        mbedtls_zeroize( ssl->handshake->psk, ssl->handshake->psk_len );
         mbedtls_free( ssl->handshake->psk );
+        ssl->handshake->psk_len = 0;
+    }
 
     if( ( ssl->handshake->psk = mbedtls_calloc( 1, psk_len ) ) == NULL )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_ALLOC_FAILED );
@@ -6115,6 +6174,8 @@
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_KEY_EXCHANGE__SOME__PSK_ENABLED */
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_DHM_C) && defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_SRV_C)
+
+#if !defined(MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED)
 int mbedtls_ssl_conf_dh_param( mbedtls_ssl_config *conf, const char *dhm_P, const char *dhm_G )
 {
     int ret;
@@ -6129,6 +6190,24 @@
 
     return( 0 );
 }
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_DEPRECATED_REMOVED */
+
+int mbedtls_ssl_conf_dh_param_bin( mbedtls_ssl_config *conf,
+                                   const unsigned char *dhm_P, size_t P_len,
+                                   const unsigned char *dhm_G, size_t G_len )
+{
+    int ret;
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_mpi_read_binary( &conf->dhm_P, dhm_P, P_len ) ) != 0 ||
+        ( ret = mbedtls_mpi_read_binary( &conf->dhm_G, dhm_G, G_len ) ) != 0 )
+    {
+        mbedtls_mpi_free( &conf->dhm_P );
+        mbedtls_mpi_free( &conf->dhm_G );
+        return( ret );
+    }
+
+    return( 0 );
+}
 
 int mbedtls_ssl_conf_dh_param_ctx( mbedtls_ssl_config *conf, mbedtls_dhm_context *dhm_ctx )
 {
@@ -6424,6 +6503,61 @@
     return( ssl->in_offt == NULL ? 0 : ssl->in_msglen );
 }
 
+int mbedtls_ssl_check_pending( const mbedtls_ssl_context *ssl )
+{
+    /*
+     * Case A: We're currently holding back
+     * a message for further processing.
+     */
+
+    if( ssl->keep_current_message == 1 )
+    {
+        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 3, ( "ssl_check_pending: record held back for processing" ) );
+        return( 1 );
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Case B: Further records are pending in the current datagram.
+     */
+
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_DTLS)
+    if( ssl->conf->transport == MBEDTLS_SSL_TRANSPORT_DATAGRAM &&
+        ssl->in_left > ssl->next_record_offset )
+    {
+        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 3, ( "ssl_check_pending: more records within current datagram" ) );
+        return( 1 );
+    }
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_DTLS */
+
+    /*
+     * Case C: A handshake message is being processed.
+     */
+
+    if( ssl->in_hslen > 0 && ssl->in_hslen < ssl->in_msglen )
+    {
+        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 3, ( "ssl_check_pending: more handshake messages within current record" ) );
+        return( 1 );
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Case D: An application data message is being processed
+     */
+    if( ssl->in_offt != NULL )
+    {
+        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 3, ( "ssl_check_pending: application data record is being processed" ) );
+        return( 1 );
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * In all other cases, the rest of the message can be dropped.
+     * As in ssl_read_record_layer, this needs to be adapted if
+     * we implement support for multiple alerts in single records.
+     */
+
+    MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 3, ( "ssl_check_pending: nothing pending" ) );
+    return( 0 );
+}
+
 uint32_t mbedtls_ssl_get_verify_result( const mbedtls_ssl_context *ssl )
 {
     if( ssl->session != NULL )
@@ -6832,25 +6966,16 @@
     }
 
     /*
-     * TODO
-     *
-     * The logic should be streamlined here:
-     *
-     * Instead of
-     *
+     * The logic could be streamlined here. Instead of
      * - Manually checking whether ssl->in_offt is NULL
      * - Fetching a new record if yes
      * - Setting ssl->in_offt if one finds an application record
      * - Resetting keep_current_message after handling the application data
-     *
      * one should
-     *
      * - Adapt read_record to set ssl->in_offt automatically
      *   when a new application data record is processed.
      * - Always call mbedtls_ssl_read_record here.
-     *
      * This way, the logic of ssl_read would be much clearer:
-     *
      * (1) Always call record layer and see what kind of record is on
      *     and have it ready for consumption (in particular, in_offt
      *     properly set for application data records).
@@ -6860,13 +6985,12 @@
      * (3) If it's something different from application data,
      *     handle it accordingly, e.g. potentially start a
      *     renegotiation.
-     *
      * This will also remove the need to manually reset
      * ssl->keep_current_message = 0 below.
-     *
      */
 
-    if( ssl->in_offt == NULL )
+    /* Loop as long as no application data record is available */
+    while( ssl->in_offt == NULL )
     {
         /* Start timer if not already running */
         if( ssl->f_get_timer != NULL &&
@@ -6920,7 +7044,9 @@
                 /* With DTLS, drop the packet (probably from last handshake) */
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_DTLS)
                 if( ssl->conf->transport == MBEDTLS_SSL_TRANSPORT_DATAGRAM )
-                    return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_READ );
+                {
+                    continue;
+                }
 #endif
                 return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_UNEXPECTED_MESSAGE );
             }
@@ -6935,7 +7061,9 @@
                 /* With DTLS, drop the packet (probably from last handshake) */
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_DTLS)
                 if( ssl->conf->transport == MBEDTLS_SSL_TRANSPORT_DATAGRAM )
-                    return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_READ );
+                {
+                    continue;
+                }
 #endif
                 return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_UNEXPECTED_MESSAGE );
             }
@@ -7008,7 +7136,25 @@
                 }
             }
 
-            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_READ );
+            /* At this point, we don't know whether the renegotiation has been
+             * completed or not. The cases to consider are the following:
+             * 1) The renegotiation is complete. In this case, no new record
+             *    has been read yet.
+             * 2) The renegotiation is incomplete because the client received
+             *    an application data record while awaiting the ServerHello.
+             * 3) The renegotiation is incomplete because the client received
+             *    a non-handshake, non-application data message while awaiting
+             *    the ServerHello.
+             * In each of these case, looping will be the proper action:
+             * - For 1), the next iteration will read a new record and check
+             *   if it's application data.
+             * - For 2), the loop condition isn't satisfied as application data
+             *   is present, hence continue is the same as break
+             * - For 3), the loop condition is satisfied and read_record
+             *   will re-deliver the message that was held back by the client
+             *   when expecting the ServerHello.
+             */
+            continue;
         }
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_RENEGOTIATION)
         else if( ssl->renego_status == MBEDTLS_SSL_RENEGOTIATION_PENDING )
@@ -7584,9 +7730,14 @@
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_DHM_C) && defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_SRV_C)
             if( endpoint == MBEDTLS_SSL_IS_SERVER )
             {
-                if( ( ret = mbedtls_ssl_conf_dh_param( conf,
-                                MBEDTLS_DHM_RFC5114_MODP_2048_P,
-                                MBEDTLS_DHM_RFC5114_MODP_2048_G ) ) != 0 )
+                const unsigned char dhm_p[] =
+                    MBEDTLS_DHM_RFC3526_MODP_2048_P_BIN;
+                const unsigned char dhm_g[] =
+                    MBEDTLS_DHM_RFC3526_MODP_2048_G_BIN;
+
+                if ( ( ret = mbedtls_ssl_conf_dh_param_bin( conf,
+                                               dhm_p, sizeof( dhm_p ),
+                                               dhm_g, sizeof( dhm_g ) ) ) != 0 )
                 {
                     return( ret );
                 }
@@ -7630,8 +7781,14 @@
          * Default
          */
         default:
-            conf->min_major_ver = MBEDTLS_SSL_MAJOR_VERSION_3;
-            conf->min_minor_ver = MBEDTLS_SSL_MINOR_VERSION_1; /* TLS 1.0 */
+            conf->min_major_ver = ( MBEDTLS_SSL_MIN_MAJOR_VERSION >
+                                    MBEDTLS_SSL_MIN_VALID_MAJOR_VERSION ) ?
+                                    MBEDTLS_SSL_MIN_MAJOR_VERSION :
+                                    MBEDTLS_SSL_MIN_VALID_MAJOR_VERSION;
+            conf->min_minor_ver = ( MBEDTLS_SSL_MIN_MINOR_VERSION >
+                                    MBEDTLS_SSL_MIN_VALID_MINOR_VERSION ) ?
+                                    MBEDTLS_SSL_MIN_MINOR_VERSION :
+                                    MBEDTLS_SSL_MIN_VALID_MINOR_VERSION;
             conf->max_major_ver = MBEDTLS_SSL_MAX_MAJOR_VERSION;
             conf->max_minor_ver = MBEDTLS_SSL_MAX_MINOR_VERSION;
 
@@ -7680,10 +7837,16 @@
     if( conf->psk != NULL )
     {
         mbedtls_zeroize( conf->psk, conf->psk_len );
-        mbedtls_zeroize( conf->psk_identity, conf->psk_identity_len );
         mbedtls_free( conf->psk );
-        mbedtls_free( conf->psk_identity );
+        conf->psk = NULL;
         conf->psk_len = 0;
+    }
+
+    if( conf->psk_identity != NULL )
+    {
+        mbedtls_zeroize( conf->psk_identity, conf->psk_identity_len );
+        mbedtls_free( conf->psk_identity );
+        conf->psk_identity = NULL;
         conf->psk_identity_len = 0;
     }
 #endif
@@ -8086,4 +8249,149 @@
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_2 */
 }
 
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_SSL3) || defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1) || \
+    defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_1)
+int mbedtls_ssl_get_key_exchange_md_ssl_tls( mbedtls_ssl_context *ssl,
+                                        unsigned char *output,
+                                        unsigned char *data, size_t data_len )
+{
+    int ret = 0;
+    mbedtls_md5_context mbedtls_md5;
+    mbedtls_sha1_context mbedtls_sha1;
+
+    mbedtls_md5_init( &mbedtls_md5 );
+    mbedtls_sha1_init( &mbedtls_sha1 );
+
+    /*
+     * digitally-signed struct {
+     *     opaque md5_hash[16];
+     *     opaque sha_hash[20];
+     * };
+     *
+     * md5_hash
+     *     MD5(ClientHello.random + ServerHello.random
+     *                            + ServerParams);
+     * sha_hash
+     *     SHA(ClientHello.random + ServerHello.random
+     *                            + ServerParams);
+     */
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md5_starts_ret( &mbedtls_md5 ) ) != 0 )
+    {
+        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_RET( 1, "mbedtls_md5_starts_ret", ret );
+        goto exit;
+    }
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md5_update_ret( &mbedtls_md5,
+                                        ssl->handshake->randbytes, 64 ) ) != 0 )
+    {
+        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_RET( 1, "mbedtls_md5_update_ret", ret );
+        goto exit;
+    }
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md5_update_ret( &mbedtls_md5, data, data_len ) ) != 0 )
+    {
+        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_RET( 1, "mbedtls_md5_update_ret", ret );
+        goto exit;
+    }
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md5_finish_ret( &mbedtls_md5, output ) ) != 0 )
+    {
+        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_RET( 1, "mbedtls_md5_finish_ret", ret );
+        goto exit;
+    }
+
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha1_starts_ret( &mbedtls_sha1 ) ) != 0 )
+    {
+        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_RET( 1, "mbedtls_sha1_starts_ret", ret );
+        goto exit;
+    }
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha1_update_ret( &mbedtls_sha1,
+                                         ssl->handshake->randbytes, 64 ) ) != 0 )
+    {
+        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_RET( 1, "mbedtls_sha1_update_ret", ret );
+        goto exit;
+    }
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha1_update_ret( &mbedtls_sha1, data,
+                                         data_len ) ) != 0 )
+    {
+        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_RET( 1, "mbedtls_sha1_update_ret", ret );
+        goto exit;
+    }
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_sha1_finish_ret( &mbedtls_sha1,
+                                         output + 16 ) ) != 0 )
+    {
+        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_RET( 1, "mbedtls_sha1_finish_ret", ret );
+        goto exit;
+    }
+
+exit:
+    mbedtls_md5_free( &mbedtls_md5 );
+    mbedtls_sha1_free( &mbedtls_sha1 );
+
+    if( ret != 0 )
+        mbedtls_ssl_send_alert_message( ssl, MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_LEVEL_FATAL,
+                                        MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_MSG_INTERNAL_ERROR );
+
+    return( ret );
+
+}
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_SSL3 || MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1 || \
+          MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_1 */
+
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1) || defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_1) || \
+    defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_2)
+int mbedtls_ssl_get_key_exchange_md_tls1_2( mbedtls_ssl_context *ssl,
+                                            unsigned char *hash, size_t *hashlen,
+                                            unsigned char *data, size_t data_len,
+                                            mbedtls_md_type_t md_alg )
+{
+    int ret = 0;
+    mbedtls_md_context_t ctx;
+    const mbedtls_md_info_t *md_info = mbedtls_md_info_from_type( md_alg );
+    *hashlen = mbedtls_md_get_size( md_info );
+
+    mbedtls_md_init( &ctx );
+
+    /*
+     * digitally-signed struct {
+     *     opaque client_random[32];
+     *     opaque server_random[32];
+     *     ServerDHParams params;
+     * };
+     */
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md_setup( &ctx, md_info, 0 ) ) != 0 )
+    {
+        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_RET( 1, "mbedtls_md_setup", ret );
+        goto exit;
+    }
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md_starts( &ctx ) ) != 0 )
+    {
+        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_RET( 1, "mbedtls_md_starts", ret );
+        goto exit;
+    }
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md_update( &ctx, ssl->handshake->randbytes, 64 ) ) != 0 )
+    {
+        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_RET( 1, "mbedtls_md_update", ret );
+        goto exit;
+    }
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md_update( &ctx, data, data_len ) ) != 0 )
+    {
+        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_RET( 1, "mbedtls_md_update", ret );
+        goto exit;
+    }
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md_finish( &ctx, hash ) ) != 0 )
+    {
+        MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_RET( 1, "mbedtls_md_finish", ret );
+        goto exit;
+    }
+
+exit:
+    mbedtls_md_free( &ctx );
+
+    if( ret != 0 )
+        mbedtls_ssl_send_alert_message( ssl, MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_LEVEL_FATAL,
+                                        MBEDTLS_SSL_ALERT_MSG_INTERNAL_ERROR );
+
+    return( ret );
+}
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1 || MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_1 || \
+          MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_TLS1_2 */
+
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_TLS_C */
diff --git a/library/threading.c b/library/threading.c
index 0758675..f1c3724 100644
--- a/library/threading.c
+++ b/library/threading.c
@@ -111,8 +111,12 @@
     mbedtls_mutex_lock = mutex_lock;
     mbedtls_mutex_unlock = mutex_unlock;
 
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_FS_IO)
     mbedtls_mutex_init( &mbedtls_threading_readdir_mutex );
+#endif
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_HAVE_TIME_DATE)
     mbedtls_mutex_init( &mbedtls_threading_gmtime_mutex );
+#endif
 }
 
 /*
@@ -120,8 +124,12 @@
  */
 void mbedtls_threading_free_alt( void )
 {
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_FS_IO)
     mbedtls_mutex_free( &mbedtls_threading_readdir_mutex );
+#endif
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_HAVE_TIME_DATE)
     mbedtls_mutex_free( &mbedtls_threading_gmtime_mutex );
+#endif
 }
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_THREADING_ALT */
 
@@ -131,7 +139,11 @@
 #ifndef MUTEX_INIT
 #define MUTEX_INIT
 #endif
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_FS_IO)
 mbedtls_threading_mutex_t mbedtls_threading_readdir_mutex MUTEX_INIT;
+#endif
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_HAVE_TIME_DATE)
 mbedtls_threading_mutex_t mbedtls_threading_gmtime_mutex MUTEX_INIT;
+#endif
 
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_THREADING_C */
diff --git a/library/timing.c b/library/timing.c
index 6df137d..6a30e51 100644
--- a/library/timing.c
+++ b/library/timing.c
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
 #if !defined(MBEDTLS_TIMING_ALT)
 
 #if !defined(unix) && !defined(__unix__) && !defined(__unix) && \
-    !defined(__APPLE__) && !defined(_WIN32)
+    !defined(__APPLE__) && !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__QNXNTO__)
 #error "This module only works on Unix and Windows, see MBEDTLS_TIMING_C in config.h"
 #endif
 
@@ -278,6 +278,14 @@
 {
     DWORD ThreadId;
 
+    if( seconds == 0 )
+    {
+        /* No need to create a thread for this simple case.
+         * Also, this shorcut is more reliable at least on MinGW32 */
+        mbedtls_timing_alarmed = 1;
+        return;
+    }
+
     mbedtls_timing_alarmed = 0;
     alarmMs = seconds * 1000;
     CloseHandle( CreateThread( NULL, 0, TimerProc, NULL, 0, &ThreadId ) );
diff --git a/library/version.c b/library/version.c
index 6ca80d4..fd96750 100644
--- a/library/version.c
+++ b/library/version.c
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 #include "mbedtls/version.h"
 #include <string.h>
 
-unsigned int mbedtls_version_get_number()
+unsigned int mbedtls_version_get_number( void )
 {
     return( MBEDTLS_VERSION_NUMBER );
 }
diff --git a/library/version_features.c b/library/version_features.c
index 7152e70..c017c41 100644
--- a/library/version_features.c
+++ b/library/version_features.c
@@ -105,12 +105,15 @@
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_DES_ALT)
     "MBEDTLS_DES_ALT",
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_DES_ALT */
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_DHM_ALT)
+    "MBEDTLS_DHM_ALT",
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_DHM_ALT */
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_ECJPAKE_ALT)
+    "MBEDTLS_ECJPAKE_ALT",
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_ECJPAKE_ALT */
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_GCM_ALT)
     "MBEDTLS_GCM_ALT",
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_GCM_ALT */
-#if defined(MBEDTLS_XTEA_ALT)
-    "MBEDTLS_XTEA_ALT",
-#endif /* MBEDTLS_XTEA_ALT */
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_MD2_ALT)
     "MBEDTLS_MD2_ALT",
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_MD2_ALT */
@@ -123,6 +126,9 @@
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_RIPEMD160_ALT)
     "MBEDTLS_RIPEMD160_ALT",
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_RIPEMD160_ALT */
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_ALT)
+    "MBEDTLS_RSA_ALT",
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_RSA_ALT */
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SHA1_ALT)
     "MBEDTLS_SHA1_ALT",
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SHA1_ALT */
@@ -132,6 +138,9 @@
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SHA512_ALT)
     "MBEDTLS_SHA512_ALT",
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SHA512_ALT */
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_XTEA_ALT)
+    "MBEDTLS_XTEA_ALT",
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_XTEA_ALT */
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_ECP_ALT)
     "MBEDTLS_ECP_ALT",
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_ECP_ALT */
@@ -177,6 +186,21 @@
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_AES_DECRYPT_ALT)
     "MBEDTLS_AES_DECRYPT_ALT",
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_AES_DECRYPT_ALT */
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_ECDH_GEN_PUBLIC_ALT)
+    "MBEDTLS_ECDH_GEN_PUBLIC_ALT",
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_ECDH_GEN_PUBLIC_ALT */
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_ECDH_COMPUTE_SHARED_ALT)
+    "MBEDTLS_ECDH_COMPUTE_SHARED_ALT",
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_ECDH_COMPUTE_SHARED_ALT */
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_ECDSA_VERIFY_ALT)
+    "MBEDTLS_ECDSA_VERIFY_ALT",
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_ECDSA_VERIFY_ALT */
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_ECDSA_SIGN_ALT)
+    "MBEDTLS_ECDSA_SIGN_ALT",
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_ECDSA_SIGN_ALT */
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_ECDSA_GENKEY_ALT)
+    "MBEDTLS_ECDSA_GENKEY_ALT",
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_ECDSA_GENKEY_ALT */
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_ECP_INTERNAL_ALT)
     "MBEDTLS_ECP_INTERNAL_ALT",
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_ECP_INTERNAL_ALT */
@@ -213,6 +237,9 @@
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_AES_ROM_TABLES)
     "MBEDTLS_AES_ROM_TABLES",
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_AES_ROM_TABLES */
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_AES_FEWER_TABLES)
+    "MBEDTLS_AES_FEWER_TABLES",
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_AES_FEWER_TABLES */
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_CAMELLIA_SMALL_MEMORY)
     "MBEDTLS_CAMELLIA_SMALL_MEMORY",
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_CAMELLIA_SMALL_MEMORY */
@@ -282,6 +309,9 @@
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_CURVE25519_ENABLED)
     "MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_CURVE25519_ENABLED",
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_CURVE25519_ENABLED */
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_CURVE448_ENABLED)
+    "MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_CURVE448_ENABLED",
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_CURVE448_ENABLED */
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_ECP_NIST_OPTIM)
     "MBEDTLS_ECP_NIST_OPTIM",
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_ECP_NIST_OPTIM */
@@ -444,6 +474,9 @@
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_TRUNCATED_HMAC)
     "MBEDTLS_SSL_TRUNCATED_HMAC",
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_TRUNCATED_HMAC */
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_TRUNCATED_HMAC_COMPAT)
+    "MBEDTLS_SSL_TRUNCATED_HMAC_COMPAT",
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_SSL_TRUNCATED_HMAC_COMPAT */
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_THREADING_ALT)
     "MBEDTLS_THREADING_ALT",
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_THREADING_ALT */
diff --git a/library/x509_crl.c b/library/x509_crl.c
index 55d12ac..b0f39d4 100644
--- a/library/x509_crl.c
+++ b/library/x509_crl.c
@@ -95,17 +95,23 @@
 }
 
 /*
- * X.509 CRL v2 extensions (no extensions parsed yet.)
+ * X.509 CRL v2 extensions
+ *
+ * We currently don't parse any extension's content, but we do check that the
+ * list of extensions is well-formed and abort on critical extensions (that
+ * are unsupported as we don't support any extension so far)
  */
 static int x509_get_crl_ext( unsigned char **p,
                              const unsigned char *end,
                              mbedtls_x509_buf *ext )
 {
     int ret;
-    size_t len = 0;
 
-    /* Get explicit tag */
-    if( ( ret = mbedtls_x509_get_ext( p, end, ext, 0) ) != 0 )
+    /*
+     * crlExtensions           [0]  EXPLICIT Extensions OPTIONAL
+     *                              -- if present, version MUST be v2
+     */
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_x509_get_ext( p, end, ext, 0 ) ) != 0 )
     {
         if( ret == MBEDTLS_ERR_ASN1_UNEXPECTED_TAG )
             return( 0 );
@@ -115,11 +121,54 @@
 
     while( *p < end )
     {
+        /*
+         * Extension  ::=  SEQUENCE  {
+         *      extnID      OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
+         *      critical    BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
+         *      extnValue   OCTET STRING  }
+         */
+        int is_critical = 0;
+        const unsigned char *end_ext_data;
+        size_t len;
+
+        /* Get enclosing sequence tag */
         if( ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_tag( p, end, &len,
                 MBEDTLS_ASN1_CONSTRUCTED | MBEDTLS_ASN1_SEQUENCE ) ) != 0 )
             return( MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_INVALID_EXTENSIONS + ret );
 
+        end_ext_data = *p + len;
+
+        /* Get OID (currently ignored) */
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_tag( p, end_ext_data, &len,
+                                          MBEDTLS_ASN1_OID ) ) != 0 )
+        {
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_INVALID_EXTENSIONS + ret );
+        }
         *p += len;
+
+        /* Get optional critical */
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_bool( p, end_ext_data,
+                                           &is_critical ) ) != 0 &&
+            ( ret != MBEDTLS_ERR_ASN1_UNEXPECTED_TAG ) )
+        {
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_INVALID_EXTENSIONS + ret );
+        }
+
+        /* Data should be octet string type */
+        if( ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_tag( p, end_ext_data, &len,
+                MBEDTLS_ASN1_OCTET_STRING ) ) != 0 )
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_INVALID_EXTENSIONS + ret );
+
+        /* Ignore data so far and just check its length */
+        *p += len;
+        if( *p != end_ext_data )
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_INVALID_EXTENSIONS +
+                    MBEDTLS_ERR_ASN1_LENGTH_MISMATCH );
+
+        /* Abort on (unsupported) critical extensions */
+        if( is_critical )
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_INVALID_EXTENSIONS +
+                    MBEDTLS_ERR_ASN1_UNEXPECTED_TAG );
     }
 
     if( *p != end )
@@ -257,7 +306,7 @@
 {
     int ret;
     size_t len;
-    unsigned char *p, *end;
+    unsigned char *p = NULL, *end = NULL;
     mbedtls_x509_buf sig_params1, sig_params2, sig_oid2;
     mbedtls_x509_crl *crl = chain;
 
@@ -294,7 +343,11 @@
     /*
      * Copy raw DER-encoded CRL
      */
-    if( ( p = mbedtls_calloc( 1, buflen ) ) == NULL )
+    if( buflen == 0 )
+        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_INVALID_FORMAT );
+
+    p = mbedtls_calloc( 1, buflen );
+    if( p == NULL )
         return( MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_ALLOC_FAILED );
 
     memcpy( p, buf, buflen );
diff --git a/library/x509_crt.c b/library/x509_crt.c
index c6209fb..afff4e1 100644
--- a/library/x509_crt.c
+++ b/library/x509_crt.c
@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@
  *
  *  http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/studygroups/com17/languages/X.680-0207.pdf
  *  http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/studygroups/com17/languages/X.690-0207.pdf
+ *
+ *  [SIRO] https://cabforum.org/wp-content/uploads/Chunghwatelecom201503cabforumV4.pdf
  */
 
 #if !defined(MBEDTLS_CONFIG_FILE)
@@ -75,6 +77,19 @@
 #endif /* !_WIN32 || EFIX64 || EFI32 */
 #endif
 
+/*
+ * Item in a verification chain: cert and flags for it
+ */
+typedef struct {
+    mbedtls_x509_crt *crt;
+    uint32_t flags;
+} x509_crt_verify_chain_item;
+
+/*
+ * Max size of verification chain: end-entity + intermediates + trusted root
+ */
+#define X509_MAX_VERIFY_CHAIN_SIZE    ( MBEDTLS_X509_MAX_INTERMEDIATE_CA + 2 )
+
 /* Implementation that should never be optimized out by the compiler */
 static void mbedtls_zeroize( void *v, size_t n ) {
     volatile unsigned char *p = v; while( n-- ) *p++ = 0;
@@ -133,7 +148,8 @@
     MBEDTLS_X509_ID_FLAG( MBEDTLS_MD_SHA256 ) |
     MBEDTLS_X509_ID_FLAG( MBEDTLS_MD_SHA384 ),
     /* Only ECDSA */
-    MBEDTLS_X509_ID_FLAG( MBEDTLS_PK_ECDSA ),
+    MBEDTLS_X509_ID_FLAG( MBEDTLS_PK_ECDSA ) |
+    MBEDTLS_X509_ID_FLAG( MBEDTLS_PK_ECKEY ),
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_ECP_C)
     /* Only NIST P-256 and P-384 */
     MBEDTLS_X509_ID_FLAG( MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_SECP256R1 ) |
@@ -146,7 +162,7 @@
 
 /*
  * Check md_alg against profile
- * Return 0 if md_alg acceptable for this profile, -1 otherwise
+ * Return 0 if md_alg is acceptable for this profile, -1 otherwise
  */
 static int x509_profile_check_md_alg( const mbedtls_x509_crt_profile *profile,
                                       mbedtls_md_type_t md_alg )
@@ -159,7 +175,7 @@
 
 /*
  * Check pk_alg against profile
- * Return 0 if pk_alg acceptable for this profile, -1 otherwise
+ * Return 0 if pk_alg is acceptable for this profile, -1 otherwise
  */
 static int x509_profile_check_pk_alg( const mbedtls_x509_crt_profile *profile,
                                       mbedtls_pk_type_t pk_alg )
@@ -172,12 +188,13 @@
 
 /*
  * Check key against profile
- * Return 0 if pk_alg acceptable for this profile, -1 otherwise
+ * Return 0 if pk is acceptable for this profile, -1 otherwise
  */
 static int x509_profile_check_key( const mbedtls_x509_crt_profile *profile,
-                                   mbedtls_pk_type_t pk_alg,
                                    const mbedtls_pk_context *pk )
 {
+    const mbedtls_pk_type_t pk_alg = mbedtls_pk_get_type( pk );
+
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_C)
     if( pk_alg == MBEDTLS_PK_RSA || pk_alg == MBEDTLS_PK_RSASSA_PSS )
     {
@@ -193,7 +210,7 @@
         pk_alg == MBEDTLS_PK_ECKEY ||
         pk_alg == MBEDTLS_PK_ECKEY_DH )
     {
-        mbedtls_ecp_group_id gid = mbedtls_pk_ec( *pk )->grp.id;
+        const mbedtls_ecp_group_id gid = mbedtls_pk_ec( *pk )->grp.id;
 
         if( ( profile->allowed_curves & MBEDTLS_X509_ID_FLAG( gid ) ) != 0 )
             return( 0 );
@@ -472,9 +489,12 @@
         if( ( ret = mbedtls_asn1_get_len( p, end, &tag_len ) ) != 0 )
             return( MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_INVALID_EXTENSIONS + ret );
 
-        if( ( tag & MBEDTLS_ASN1_CONTEXT_SPECIFIC ) != MBEDTLS_ASN1_CONTEXT_SPECIFIC )
+        if( ( tag & MBEDTLS_ASN1_TAG_CLASS_MASK ) !=
+                MBEDTLS_ASN1_CONTEXT_SPECIFIC )
+        {
             return( MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_INVALID_EXTENSIONS +
                     MBEDTLS_ERR_ASN1_UNEXPECTED_TAG );
+        }
 
         /* Skip everything but DNS name */
         if( tag != ( MBEDTLS_ASN1_CONTEXT_SPECIFIC | 2 ) )
@@ -1630,7 +1650,7 @@
 
 /*
  * Check that the given certificate is not revoked according to the CRL.
- * Skip validation is no CRL for the given CA is present.
+ * Skip validation if no CRL for the given CA is present.
  */
 static int x509_crt_verifycrl( mbedtls_x509_crt *crt, mbedtls_x509_crt *ca,
                                mbedtls_x509_crl *crl_list,
@@ -1675,18 +1695,14 @@
             flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCRL_BAD_PK;
 
         md_info = mbedtls_md_info_from_type( crl_list->sig_md );
-        if( md_info == NULL )
+        if( mbedtls_md( md_info, crl_list->tbs.p, crl_list->tbs.len, hash ) != 0 )
         {
-            /*
-             * Cannot check 'unknown' hash
-             */
+            /* Note: this can't happen except after an internal error */
             flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCRL_NOT_TRUSTED;
             break;
         }
 
-        mbedtls_md( md_info, crl_list->tbs.p, crl_list->tbs.len, hash );
-
-        if( x509_profile_check_key( profile, crl_list->sig_pk, &ca->pk ) != 0 )
+        if( x509_profile_check_key( profile, &ca->pk ) != 0 )
             flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_BAD_KEY;
 
         if( mbedtls_pk_verify_ext( crl_list->sig_pk, crl_list->sig_opts, &ca->pk,
@@ -1754,13 +1770,14 @@
 /*
  * Return 0 if name matches wildcard, -1 otherwise
  */
-static int x509_check_wildcard( const char *cn, mbedtls_x509_buf *name )
+static int x509_check_wildcard( const char *cn, const mbedtls_x509_buf *name )
 {
     size_t i;
     size_t cn_idx = 0, cn_len = strlen( cn );
 
+    /* We can't have a match if there is no wildcard to match */
     if( name->len < 3 || name->p[0] != '*' || name->p[1] != '.' )
-        return( 0 );
+        return( -1 );
 
     for( i = 0; i < cn_len; ++i )
     {
@@ -1852,15 +1869,40 @@
 }
 
 /*
+ * Check the signature of a certificate by its parent
+ */
+static int x509_crt_check_signature( const mbedtls_x509_crt *child,
+                                     mbedtls_x509_crt *parent )
+{
+    const mbedtls_md_info_t *md_info;
+    unsigned char hash[MBEDTLS_MD_MAX_SIZE];
+
+    md_info = mbedtls_md_info_from_type( child->sig_md );
+    if( mbedtls_md( md_info, child->tbs.p, child->tbs.len, hash ) != 0 )
+    {
+        /* Note: this can't happen except after an internal error */
+        return( -1 );
+    }
+
+    if( mbedtls_pk_verify_ext( child->sig_pk, child->sig_opts, &parent->pk,
+                child->sig_md, hash, mbedtls_md_get_size( md_info ),
+                child->sig.p, child->sig.len ) != 0 )
+    {
+        return( -1 );
+    }
+
+    return( 0 );
+}
+
+/*
  * Check if 'parent' is a suitable parent (signing CA) for 'child'.
  * Return 0 if yes, -1 if not.
  *
  * top means parent is a locally-trusted certificate
- * bottom means child is the end entity cert
  */
 static int x509_crt_check_parent( const mbedtls_x509_crt *child,
                                   const mbedtls_x509_crt *parent,
-                                  int top, int bottom )
+                                  int top )
 {
     int need_ca_bit;
 
@@ -1875,14 +1917,6 @@
     if( top && parent->version < 3 )
         need_ca_bit = 0;
 
-    /* Exception: self-signed end-entity certs that are locally trusted. */
-    if( top && bottom &&
-        child->raw.len == parent->raw.len &&
-        memcmp( child->raw.p, parent->raw.p, child->raw.len ) == 0 )
-    {
-        need_ca_bit = 0;
-    }
-
     if( need_ca_bit && ! parent->ca_istrue )
         return( -1 );
 
@@ -1897,86 +1931,78 @@
     return( 0 );
 }
 
-static int x509_crt_verify_top(
-                mbedtls_x509_crt *child, mbedtls_x509_crt *trust_ca,
-                mbedtls_x509_crl *ca_crl,
-                const mbedtls_x509_crt_profile *profile,
-                int path_cnt, int self_cnt, uint32_t *flags,
-                int (*f_vrfy)(void *, mbedtls_x509_crt *, int, uint32_t *),
-                void *p_vrfy )
+/*
+ * Find a suitable parent for child in candidates, or return NULL.
+ *
+ * Here suitable is defined as:
+ *  1. subject name matches child's issuer
+ *  2. if necessary, the CA bit is set and key usage allows signing certs
+ *  3. for trusted roots, the signature is correct
+ *  4. pathlen constraints are satisfied
+ *
+ * If there's a suitable candidate which is also time-valid, return the first
+ * such. Otherwise, return the first suitable candidate (or NULL if there is
+ * none).
+ *
+ * The rationale for this rule is that someone could have a list of trusted
+ * roots with two versions on the same root with different validity periods.
+ * (At least one user reported having such a list and wanted it to just work.)
+ * The reason we don't just require time-validity is that generally there is
+ * only one version, and if it's expired we want the flags to state that
+ * rather than NOT_TRUSTED, as would be the case if we required it here.
+ *
+ * The rationale for rule 3 (signature for trusted roots) is that users might
+ * have two versions of the same CA with different keys in their list, and the
+ * way we select the correct one is by checking the signature (as we don't
+ * rely on key identifier extensions). (This is one way users might choose to
+ * handle key rollover, another relies on self-issued certs, see [SIRO].)
+ *
+ * Arguments:
+ *  - [in] child: certificate for which we're looking for a parent
+ *  - [in] candidates: chained list of potential parents
+ *  - [in] top: 1 if candidates consists of trusted roots, ie we're at the top
+ *         of the chain, 0 otherwise
+ *  - [in] path_cnt: number of intermediates seen so far
+ *  - [in] self_cnt: number of self-signed intermediates seen so far
+ *         (will never be greater than path_cnt)
+ *
+ * Return value:
+ *  - the first suitable parent found (see above regarding time-validity)
+ *  - NULL if no suitable parent was found
+ */
+static mbedtls_x509_crt *x509_crt_find_parent_in( mbedtls_x509_crt *child,
+                                                  mbedtls_x509_crt *candidates,
+                                                  int top,
+                                                  size_t path_cnt,
+                                                  size_t self_cnt )
 {
-    int ret;
-    uint32_t ca_flags = 0;
-    int check_path_cnt;
-    unsigned char hash[MBEDTLS_MD_MAX_SIZE];
-    const mbedtls_md_info_t *md_info;
-    mbedtls_x509_crt *future_past_ca = NULL;
+    mbedtls_x509_crt *parent, *badtime_parent = NULL;
 
-    if( mbedtls_x509_time_is_past( &child->valid_to ) )
-        *flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_EXPIRED;
-
-    if( mbedtls_x509_time_is_future( &child->valid_from ) )
-        *flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_FUTURE;
-
-    if( x509_profile_check_md_alg( profile, child->sig_md ) != 0 )
-        *flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_BAD_MD;
-
-    if( x509_profile_check_pk_alg( profile, child->sig_pk ) != 0 )
-        *flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_BAD_PK;
-
-    /*
-     * Child is the top of the chain. Check against the trust_ca list.
-     */
-    *flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_NOT_TRUSTED;
-
-    md_info = mbedtls_md_info_from_type( child->sig_md );
-    if( md_info == NULL )
+    for( parent = candidates; parent != NULL; parent = parent->next )
     {
-        /*
-         * Cannot check 'unknown', no need to try any CA
-         */
-        trust_ca = NULL;
-    }
-    else
-        mbedtls_md( md_info, child->tbs.p, child->tbs.len, hash );
-
-    for( /* trust_ca */ ; trust_ca != NULL; trust_ca = trust_ca->next )
-    {
-        if( x509_crt_check_parent( child, trust_ca, 1, path_cnt == 0 ) != 0 )
+        /* basic parenting skills (name, CA bit, key usage) */
+        if( x509_crt_check_parent( child, parent, top ) != 0 )
             continue;
 
-        check_path_cnt = path_cnt + 1;
-
-        /*
-         * Reduce check_path_cnt to check against if top of the chain is
-         * the same as the trusted CA
-         */
-        if( child->subject_raw.len == trust_ca->subject_raw.len &&
-            memcmp( child->subject_raw.p, trust_ca->subject_raw.p,
-                            child->issuer_raw.len ) == 0 )
-        {
-            check_path_cnt--;
-        }
-
-        /* Self signed certificates do not count towards the limit */
-        if( trust_ca->max_pathlen > 0 &&
-            trust_ca->max_pathlen < check_path_cnt - self_cnt )
+        /* +1 because stored max_pathlen is 1 higher that the actual value */
+        if( parent->max_pathlen > 0 &&
+            (size_t) parent->max_pathlen < 1 + path_cnt - self_cnt )
         {
             continue;
         }
 
-        if( mbedtls_pk_verify_ext( child->sig_pk, child->sig_opts, &trust_ca->pk,
-                           child->sig_md, hash, mbedtls_md_get_size( md_info ),
-                           child->sig.p, child->sig.len ) != 0 )
+        /* Signature */
+        if( top && x509_crt_check_signature( child, parent ) != 0 )
         {
             continue;
         }
 
-        if( mbedtls_x509_time_is_past( &trust_ca->valid_to ) ||
-            mbedtls_x509_time_is_future( &trust_ca->valid_from ) )
+        /* optional time check */
+        if( mbedtls_x509_time_is_past( &parent->valid_to ) ||
+            mbedtls_x509_time_is_future( &parent->valid_from ) )
         {
-            if ( future_past_ca == NULL )
-                future_past_ca = trust_ca;
+            if( badtime_parent == NULL )
+                badtime_parent = parent;
 
             continue;
         }
@@ -1984,190 +2010,292 @@
         break;
     }
 
-    if( trust_ca != NULL || ( trust_ca = future_past_ca ) != NULL )
-    {
-        /*
-         * Top of chain is signed by a trusted CA
-         */
-        *flags &= ~MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_NOT_TRUSTED;
+    if( parent == NULL )
+        parent = badtime_parent;
 
-        if( x509_profile_check_key( profile, child->sig_pk, &trust_ca->pk ) != 0 )
-            *flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_BAD_KEY;
-    }
-
-    /*
-     * If top of chain is not the same as the trusted CA send a verify request
-     * to the callback for any issues with validity and CRL presence for the
-     * trusted CA certificate.
-     */
-    if( trust_ca != NULL &&
-        ( child->subject_raw.len != trust_ca->subject_raw.len ||
-          memcmp( child->subject_raw.p, trust_ca->subject_raw.p,
-                            child->issuer_raw.len ) != 0 ) )
-    {
-#if defined(MBEDTLS_X509_CRL_PARSE_C)
-        /* Check trusted CA's CRL for the chain's top crt */
-        *flags |= x509_crt_verifycrl( child, trust_ca, ca_crl, profile );
-#else
-        ((void) ca_crl);
-#endif
-
-        if( mbedtls_x509_time_is_past( &trust_ca->valid_to ) )
-            ca_flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_EXPIRED;
-
-        if( mbedtls_x509_time_is_future( &trust_ca->valid_from ) )
-            ca_flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_FUTURE;
-
-        if( NULL != f_vrfy )
-        {
-            if( ( ret = f_vrfy( p_vrfy, trust_ca, path_cnt + 1,
-                                &ca_flags ) ) != 0 )
-            {
-                return( ret );
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    /* Call callback on top cert */
-    if( NULL != f_vrfy )
-    {
-        if( ( ret = f_vrfy( p_vrfy, child, path_cnt, flags ) ) != 0 )
-            return( ret );
-    }
-
-    *flags |= ca_flags;
-
-    return( 0 );
+    return( parent );
 }
 
-static int x509_crt_verify_child(
-                mbedtls_x509_crt *child, mbedtls_x509_crt *parent,
-                mbedtls_x509_crt *trust_ca, mbedtls_x509_crl *ca_crl,
-                const mbedtls_x509_crt_profile *profile,
-                int path_cnt, int self_cnt, uint32_t *flags,
-                int (*f_vrfy)(void *, mbedtls_x509_crt *, int, uint32_t *),
-                void *p_vrfy )
+/*
+ * Find a parent in trusted CAs or the provided chain, or return NULL.
+ *
+ * Searches in trusted CAs first, and return the first suitable parent found
+ * (see find_parent_in() for definition of suitable).
+ *
+ * Arguments:
+ *  - [in] child: certificate for which we're looking for a parent, followed
+ *         by a chain of possible intermediates
+ *  - [in] trust_ca: locally trusted CAs
+ *  - [out] 1 if parent was found in trust_ca, 0 if found in provided chain
+ *  - [in] path_cnt: number of intermediates seen so far
+ *  - [in] self_cnt: number of self-signed intermediates seen so far
+ *         (will always be no greater than path_cnt)
+ *
+ * Return value:
+ *  - the first suitable parent found (see find_parent_in() for "suitable")
+ *  - NULL if no suitable parent was found
+ */
+static mbedtls_x509_crt *x509_crt_find_parent( mbedtls_x509_crt *child,
+                                               mbedtls_x509_crt *trust_ca,
+                                               int *parent_is_trusted,
+                                               size_t path_cnt,
+                                               size_t self_cnt )
 {
-    int ret;
-    uint32_t parent_flags = 0;
-    unsigned char hash[MBEDTLS_MD_MAX_SIZE];
-    mbedtls_x509_crt *grandparent;
-    const mbedtls_md_info_t *md_info;
+    mbedtls_x509_crt *parent;
 
-    /* Counting intermediate self signed certificates */
-    if( ( path_cnt != 0 ) && x509_name_cmp( &child->issuer, &child->subject ) == 0 )
-        self_cnt++;
+    /* Look for a parent in trusted CAs */
+    *parent_is_trusted = 1;
+    parent = x509_crt_find_parent_in( child, trust_ca, 1, path_cnt, self_cnt );
 
-    /* path_cnt is 0 for the first intermediate CA */
-    if( 1 + path_cnt > MBEDTLS_X509_MAX_INTERMEDIATE_CA )
+    if( parent != NULL )
+        return( parent );
+
+    /* Look for a parent upwards the chain */
+    *parent_is_trusted = 0;
+    return( x509_crt_find_parent_in( child, child->next, 0, path_cnt, self_cnt ) );
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check if an end-entity certificate is locally trusted
+ *
+ * Currently we require such certificates to be self-signed (actually only
+ * check for self-issued as self-signatures are not checked)
+ */
+static int x509_crt_check_ee_locally_trusted(
+                    mbedtls_x509_crt *crt,
+                    mbedtls_x509_crt *trust_ca )
+{
+    mbedtls_x509_crt *cur;
+
+    /* must be self-issued */
+    if( x509_name_cmp( &crt->issuer, &crt->subject ) != 0 )
+        return( -1 );
+
+    /* look for an exact match with trusted cert */
+    for( cur = trust_ca; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next )
     {
-        /* return immediately as the goal is to avoid unbounded recursion */
-        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_FATAL_ERROR );
-    }
-
-    if( mbedtls_x509_time_is_past( &child->valid_to ) )
-        *flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_EXPIRED;
-
-    if( mbedtls_x509_time_is_future( &child->valid_from ) )
-        *flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_FUTURE;
-
-    if( x509_profile_check_md_alg( profile, child->sig_md ) != 0 )
-        *flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_BAD_MD;
-
-    if( x509_profile_check_pk_alg( profile, child->sig_pk ) != 0 )
-        *flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_BAD_PK;
-
-    md_info = mbedtls_md_info_from_type( child->sig_md );
-    if( md_info == NULL )
-    {
-        /*
-         * Cannot check 'unknown' hash
-         */
-        *flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_NOT_TRUSTED;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        mbedtls_md( md_info, child->tbs.p, child->tbs.len, hash );
-
-        if( x509_profile_check_key( profile, child->sig_pk, &parent->pk ) != 0 )
-            *flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_BAD_KEY;
-
-        if( mbedtls_pk_verify_ext( child->sig_pk, child->sig_opts, &parent->pk,
-                           child->sig_md, hash, mbedtls_md_get_size( md_info ),
-                           child->sig.p, child->sig.len ) != 0 )
+        if( crt->raw.len == cur->raw.len &&
+            memcmp( crt->raw.p, cur->raw.p, crt->raw.len ) == 0 )
         {
-            *flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_NOT_TRUSTED;
+            return( 0 );
         }
     }
 
+    /* too bad */
+    return( -1 );
+}
+
+/*
+ * Build and verify a certificate chain
+ *
+ * Given a peer-provided list of certificates EE, C1, ..., Cn and
+ * a list of trusted certs R1, ... Rp, try to build and verify a chain
+ *      EE, Ci1, ... Ciq [, Rj]
+ * such that every cert in the chain is a child of the next one,
+ * jumping to a trusted root as early as possible.
+ *
+ * Verify that chain and return it with flags for all issues found.
+ *
+ * Special cases:
+ * - EE == Rj -> return a one-element list containing it
+ * - EE, Ci1, ..., Ciq cannot be continued with a trusted root
+ *   -> return that chain with NOT_TRUSTED set on Ciq
+ *
+ * Arguments:
+ *  - [in] crt: the cert list EE, C1, ..., Cn
+ *  - [in] trust_ca: the trusted list R1, ..., Rp
+ *  - [in] ca_crl, profile: as in verify_with_profile()
+ *  - [out] ver_chain, chain_len: the built and verified chain
+ *
+ * Return value:
+ *  - non-zero if the chain could not be fully built and examined
+ *  - 0 is the chain was successfully built and examined,
+ *      even if it was found to be invalid
+ */
+static int x509_crt_verify_chain(
+                mbedtls_x509_crt *crt,
+                mbedtls_x509_crt *trust_ca,
+                mbedtls_x509_crl *ca_crl,
+                const mbedtls_x509_crt_profile *profile,
+                x509_crt_verify_chain_item ver_chain[X509_MAX_VERIFY_CHAIN_SIZE],
+                size_t *chain_len )
+{
+    uint32_t *flags;
+    mbedtls_x509_crt *child;
+    mbedtls_x509_crt *parent;
+    int parent_is_trusted = 0;
+    int child_is_trusted = 0;
+    size_t self_cnt = 0;
+
+    child = crt;
+    *chain_len = 0;
+
+    while( 1 ) {
+        /* Add certificate to the verification chain */
+        ver_chain[*chain_len].crt = child;
+        flags = &ver_chain[*chain_len].flags;
+        ++*chain_len;
+
+        /* Check time-validity (all certificates) */
+        if( mbedtls_x509_time_is_past( &child->valid_to ) )
+            *flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_EXPIRED;
+
+        if( mbedtls_x509_time_is_future( &child->valid_from ) )
+            *flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_FUTURE;
+
+        /* Stop here for trusted roots (but not for trusted EE certs) */
+        if( child_is_trusted )
+            return( 0 );
+
+        /* Check signature algorithm: MD & PK algs */
+        if( x509_profile_check_md_alg( profile, child->sig_md ) != 0 )
+            *flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_BAD_MD;
+
+        if( x509_profile_check_pk_alg( profile, child->sig_pk ) != 0 )
+            *flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_BAD_PK;
+
+        /* Special case: EE certs that are locally trusted */
+        if( *chain_len == 1 &&
+            x509_crt_check_ee_locally_trusted( child, trust_ca ) == 0 )
+        {
+            return( 0 );
+        }
+
+        /* Look for a parent in trusted CAs or up the chain */
+        parent = x509_crt_find_parent( child, trust_ca, &parent_is_trusted,
+                                       *chain_len - 1, self_cnt );
+
+        /* No parent? We're done here */
+        if( parent == NULL )
+        {
+            *flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_NOT_TRUSTED;
+            return( 0 );
+        }
+
+        /* Count intermediate self-issued (not necessarily self-signed) certs.
+         * These can occur with some strategies for key rollover, see [SIRO],
+         * and should be excluded from max_pathlen checks. */
+        if( *chain_len != 1 &&
+            x509_name_cmp( &child->issuer, &child->subject ) == 0 )
+        {
+            self_cnt++;
+        }
+
+        /* path_cnt is 0 for the first intermediate CA,
+         * and if parent is trusted it's not an intermediate CA */
+        if( ! parent_is_trusted &&
+            *chain_len > MBEDTLS_X509_MAX_INTERMEDIATE_CA )
+        {
+            /* return immediately to avoid overflow the chain array */
+            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_FATAL_ERROR );
+        }
+
+        /* if parent is trusted, the signature was checked by find_parent() */
+        if( ! parent_is_trusted && x509_crt_check_signature( child, parent ) != 0 )
+            *flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_NOT_TRUSTED;
+
+        /* check size of signing key */
+        if( x509_profile_check_key( profile, &parent->pk ) != 0 )
+            *flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_BAD_KEY;
+
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_X509_CRL_PARSE_C)
-    /* Check trusted CA's CRL for the given crt */
-    *flags |= x509_crt_verifycrl(child, parent, ca_crl, profile );
+        /* Check trusted CA's CRL for the given crt */
+        *flags |= x509_crt_verifycrl( child, parent, ca_crl, profile );
+#else
+        (void) ca_crl;
 #endif
 
-    /* Look for a grandparent in trusted CAs */
-    for( grandparent = trust_ca;
-         grandparent != NULL;
-         grandparent = grandparent->next )
+        /* prepare for next iteration */
+        child = parent;
+        parent = NULL;
+        child_is_trusted = parent_is_trusted;
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check for CN match
+ */
+static int x509_crt_check_cn( const mbedtls_x509_buf *name,
+                              const char *cn, size_t cn_len )
+{
+    /* try exact match */
+    if( name->len == cn_len &&
+        x509_memcasecmp( cn, name->p, cn_len ) == 0 )
     {
-        if( x509_crt_check_parent( parent, grandparent,
-                                   0, path_cnt == 0 ) == 0 )
-            break;
+        return( 0 );
     }
 
-    if( grandparent != NULL )
+    /* try wildcard match */
+    if( x509_check_wildcard( cn, name ) == 0 )
     {
-        ret = x509_crt_verify_top( parent, grandparent, ca_crl, profile,
-                                path_cnt + 1, self_cnt, &parent_flags, f_vrfy, p_vrfy );
-        if( ret != 0 )
-            return( ret );
+        return( 0 );
     }
-    else
+
+    return( -1 );
+}
+
+/*
+ * Verify the requested CN - only call this if cn is not NULL!
+ */
+static void x509_crt_verify_name( const mbedtls_x509_crt *crt,
+                                  const char *cn,
+                                  uint32_t *flags )
+{
+    const mbedtls_x509_name *name;
+    const mbedtls_x509_sequence *cur;
+    size_t cn_len = strlen( cn );
+
+    if( crt->ext_types & MBEDTLS_X509_EXT_SUBJECT_ALT_NAME )
     {
-        /* Look for a grandparent upwards the chain */
-        for( grandparent = parent->next;
-             grandparent != NULL;
-             grandparent = grandparent->next )
+        for( cur = &crt->subject_alt_names; cur != NULL; cur = cur->next )
         {
-            /* +2 because the current step is not yet accounted for
-             * and because max_pathlen is one higher than it should be.
-             * Also self signed certificates do not count to the limit. */
-            if( grandparent->max_pathlen > 0 &&
-                grandparent->max_pathlen < 2 + path_cnt - self_cnt )
-            {
-                continue;
-            }
-
-            if( x509_crt_check_parent( parent, grandparent,
-                                       0, path_cnt == 0 ) == 0 )
+            if( x509_crt_check_cn( &cur->buf, cn, cn_len ) == 0 )
                 break;
         }
 
-        /* Is our parent part of the chain or at the top? */
-        if( grandparent != NULL )
-        {
-            ret = x509_crt_verify_child( parent, grandparent, trust_ca, ca_crl,
-                                         profile, path_cnt + 1, self_cnt, &parent_flags,
-                                         f_vrfy, p_vrfy );
-            if( ret != 0 )
-                return( ret );
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            ret = x509_crt_verify_top( parent, trust_ca, ca_crl, profile,
-                                       path_cnt + 1, self_cnt, &parent_flags,
-                                       f_vrfy, p_vrfy );
-            if( ret != 0 )
-                return( ret );
-        }
+        if( cur == NULL )
+            *flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_CN_MISMATCH;
     }
+    else
+    {
+        for( name = &crt->subject; name != NULL; name = name->next )
+        {
+            if( MBEDTLS_OID_CMP( MBEDTLS_OID_AT_CN, &name->oid ) == 0 &&
+                x509_crt_check_cn( &name->val, cn, cn_len ) == 0 )
+            {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
 
-    /* child is verified to be a child of the parent, call verify callback */
-    if( NULL != f_vrfy )
-        if( ( ret = f_vrfy( p_vrfy, child, path_cnt, flags ) ) != 0 )
-            return( ret );
+        if( name == NULL )
+            *flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_CN_MISMATCH;
+    }
+}
 
-    *flags |= parent_flags;
+/*
+ * Merge the flags for all certs in the chain, after calling callback
+ */
+static int x509_crt_merge_flags_with_cb(
+           uint32_t *flags,
+           x509_crt_verify_chain_item ver_chain[X509_MAX_VERIFY_CHAIN_SIZE],
+           size_t chain_len,
+           int (*f_vrfy)(void *, mbedtls_x509_crt *, int, uint32_t *),
+           void *p_vrfy )
+{
+    int ret;
+    size_t i;
+    uint32_t cur_flags;
+
+    for( i = chain_len; i != 0; --i )
+    {
+        cur_flags = ver_chain[i-1].flags;
+
+        if( NULL != f_vrfy )
+            if( ( ret = f_vrfy( p_vrfy, ver_chain[i-1].crt, (int) i-1, &cur_flags ) ) != 0 )
+                return( ret );
+
+        *flags |= cur_flags;
+    }
 
     return( 0 );
 }
@@ -2186,9 +2314,15 @@
                 &mbedtls_x509_crt_profile_default, cn, flags, f_vrfy, p_vrfy ) );
 }
 
-
 /*
  * Verify the certificate validity, with profile
+ *
+ * This function:
+ *  - checks the requested CN (if any)
+ *  - checks the type and size of the EE cert's key,
+ *    as that isn't done as part of chain building/verification currently
+ *  - builds and verifies the chain
+ *  - then calls the callback and merges the flags
  */
 int mbedtls_x509_crt_verify_with_profile( mbedtls_x509_crt *crt,
                      mbedtls_x509_crt *trust_ca,
@@ -2198,15 +2332,15 @@
                      int (*f_vrfy)(void *, mbedtls_x509_crt *, int, uint32_t *),
                      void *p_vrfy )
 {
-    size_t cn_len;
     int ret;
-    int pathlen = 0, selfsigned = 0;
-    mbedtls_x509_crt *parent;
-    mbedtls_x509_name *name;
-    mbedtls_x509_sequence *cur = NULL;
     mbedtls_pk_type_t pk_type;
+    x509_crt_verify_chain_item ver_chain[X509_MAX_VERIFY_CHAIN_SIZE];
+    size_t chain_len;
+    uint32_t *ee_flags = &ver_chain[0].flags;
 
     *flags = 0;
+    memset( ver_chain, 0, sizeof( ver_chain ) );
+    chain_len = 0;
 
     if( profile == NULL )
     {
@@ -2214,104 +2348,28 @@
         goto exit;
     }
 
+    /* check name if requested */
     if( cn != NULL )
-    {
-        name = &crt->subject;
-        cn_len = strlen( cn );
-
-        if( crt->ext_types & MBEDTLS_X509_EXT_SUBJECT_ALT_NAME )
-        {
-            cur = &crt->subject_alt_names;
-
-            while( cur != NULL )
-            {
-                if( cur->buf.len == cn_len &&
-                    x509_memcasecmp( cn, cur->buf.p, cn_len ) == 0 )
-                    break;
-
-                if( cur->buf.len > 2 &&
-                    memcmp( cur->buf.p, "*.", 2 ) == 0 &&
-                    x509_check_wildcard( cn, &cur->buf ) == 0 )
-                {
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                cur = cur->next;
-            }
-
-            if( cur == NULL )
-                *flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_CN_MISMATCH;
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            while( name != NULL )
-            {
-                if( MBEDTLS_OID_CMP( MBEDTLS_OID_AT_CN, &name->oid ) == 0 )
-                {
-                    if( name->val.len == cn_len &&
-                        x509_memcasecmp( name->val.p, cn, cn_len ) == 0 )
-                        break;
-
-                    if( name->val.len > 2 &&
-                        memcmp( name->val.p, "*.", 2 ) == 0 &&
-                        x509_check_wildcard( cn, &name->val ) == 0 )
-                        break;
-                }
-
-                name = name->next;
-            }
-
-            if( name == NULL )
-                *flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_CN_MISMATCH;
-        }
-    }
+        x509_crt_verify_name( crt, cn, ee_flags );
 
     /* Check the type and size of the key */
     pk_type = mbedtls_pk_get_type( &crt->pk );
 
     if( x509_profile_check_pk_alg( profile, pk_type ) != 0 )
-        *flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_BAD_PK;
+        *ee_flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_BAD_PK;
 
-    if( x509_profile_check_key( profile, pk_type, &crt->pk ) != 0 )
-        *flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_BAD_KEY;
+    if( x509_profile_check_key( profile, &crt->pk ) != 0 )
+        *ee_flags |= MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_BAD_KEY;
 
-    /* Look for a parent in trusted CAs */
-    for( parent = trust_ca; parent != NULL; parent = parent->next )
-    {
-        if( x509_crt_check_parent( crt, parent, 0, pathlen == 0 ) == 0 )
-            break;
-    }
+    /* Check the chain */
+    ret = x509_crt_verify_chain( crt, trust_ca, ca_crl, profile,
+                                 ver_chain, &chain_len );
+    if( ret != 0 )
+        goto exit;
 
-    if( parent != NULL )
-    {
-        ret = x509_crt_verify_top( crt, parent, ca_crl, profile,
-                                   pathlen, selfsigned, flags, f_vrfy, p_vrfy );
-        if( ret != 0 )
-            goto exit;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        /* Look for a parent upwards the chain */
-        for( parent = crt->next; parent != NULL; parent = parent->next )
-            if( x509_crt_check_parent( crt, parent, 0, pathlen == 0 ) == 0 )
-                break;
-
-        /* Are we part of the chain or at the top? */
-        if( parent != NULL )
-        {
-            ret = x509_crt_verify_child( crt, parent, trust_ca, ca_crl, profile,
-                                         pathlen, selfsigned, flags, f_vrfy, p_vrfy );
-            if( ret != 0 )
-                goto exit;
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            ret = x509_crt_verify_top( crt, trust_ca, ca_crl, profile,
-                                       pathlen, selfsigned, flags, f_vrfy, p_vrfy );
-            if( ret != 0 )
-                goto exit;
-        }
-    }
+    /* Build final flags, calling callback on the way if any */
+    ret = x509_crt_merge_flags_with_cb( flags,
+                                        ver_chain, chain_len, f_vrfy, p_vrfy );
 
 exit:
     /* prevent misuse of the vrfy callback - VERIFY_FAILED would be ignored by
diff --git a/library/x509write_crt.c b/library/x509write_crt.c
index 0af23d7..41dfe87 100644
--- a/library/x509write_crt.c
+++ b/library/x509write_crt.c
@@ -177,8 +177,11 @@
     memset( buf, 0, sizeof(buf) );
     MBEDTLS_ASN1_CHK_ADD( len, mbedtls_pk_write_pubkey( &c, buf, ctx->subject_key ) );
 
-    mbedtls_sha1( buf + sizeof(buf) - len, len, buf + sizeof(buf) - 20 );
-    c = buf + sizeof(buf) - 20;
+    ret = mbedtls_sha1_ret( buf + sizeof( buf ) - len, len,
+                            buf + sizeof( buf ) - 20 );
+    if( ret != 0 )
+        return( ret );
+    c = buf + sizeof( buf ) - 20;
     len = 20;
 
     MBEDTLS_ASN1_CHK_ADD( len, mbedtls_asn1_write_len( &c, buf, len ) );
@@ -199,7 +202,10 @@
     memset( buf, 0, sizeof(buf) );
     MBEDTLS_ASN1_CHK_ADD( len, mbedtls_pk_write_pubkey( &c, buf, ctx->issuer_key ) );
 
-    mbedtls_sha1( buf + sizeof( buf ) - len, len, buf + sizeof( buf ) - 20 );
+    ret = mbedtls_sha1_ret( buf + sizeof( buf ) - len, len,
+                            buf + sizeof( buf ) - 20 );
+    if( ret != 0 )
+        return( ret );
     c = buf + sizeof( buf ) - 20;
     len = 20;
 
@@ -414,7 +420,11 @@
     /*
      * Make signature
      */
-    mbedtls_md( mbedtls_md_info_from_type( ctx->md_alg ), c, len, hash );
+    if( ( ret = mbedtls_md( mbedtls_md_info_from_type( ctx->md_alg ), c,
+                            len, hash ) ) != 0 )
+    {
+        return( ret );
+    }
 
     if( ( ret = mbedtls_pk_sign( ctx->issuer_key, ctx->md_alg, hash, 0, sig, &sig_len,
                          f_rng, p_rng ) ) != 0 )