diff --git a/library/psa_crypto.c b/library/psa_crypto.c
index ab4e47a..36dcd3f 100644
--- a/library/psa_crypto.c
+++ b/library/psa_crypto.c
@@ -1776,17 +1776,28 @@
     psa_se_drv_table_entry_t **p_drv )
 {
     psa_status_t status = PSA_ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
+    psa_key_lifetime_t lifetime = psa_get_key_lifetime( attributes );
 
     status = psa_validate_key_location( psa_get_key_lifetime( attributes ),
                                         p_drv );
     if( status != PSA_SUCCESS )
         return( status );
 
-    status = psa_validate_key_persistence( psa_get_key_lifetime( attributes ),
-                                           psa_get_key_id( attributes ) );
+    status = psa_validate_key_persistence( lifetime );
     if( status != PSA_SUCCESS )
         return( status );
 
+    /* Validate the key identifier only in the case of a persistent key. */
+    if ( ! PSA_KEY_LIFETIME_IS_VOLATILE( lifetime ) )
+    {
+        status = psa_validate_key_id(
+            psa_get_key_id( attributes ),
+            psa_key_lifetime_is_external( lifetime ) );
+
+        if( status != PSA_SUCCESS )
+            return( status );
+    }
+
     status = psa_validate_key_policy( &attributes->core.policy );
     if( status != PSA_SUCCESS )
         return( status );
diff --git a/library/psa_crypto_slot_management.c b/library/psa_crypto_slot_management.c
index 5140772..4f651d9 100644
--- a/library/psa_crypto_slot_management.c
+++ b/library/psa_crypto_slot_management.c
@@ -51,6 +51,22 @@
 
 static psa_global_data_t global_data;
 
+psa_status_t psa_validate_key_id( mbedtls_svc_key_id_t key, int vendor_ok )
+{
+    psa_key_id_t key_id = MBEDTLS_SVC_KEY_ID_GET_KEY_ID( key );
+
+    if( ( PSA_KEY_ID_USER_MIN <= key_id ) &&
+        ( key_id <= PSA_KEY_ID_USER_MAX ) )
+        return( PSA_SUCCESS );
+
+    if( vendor_ok &&
+        ( PSA_KEY_ID_VENDOR_MIN <= key_id ) &&
+        ( key_id <= PSA_KEY_ID_VENDOR_MAX ) )
+        return( PSA_SUCCESS );
+
+    return( PSA_ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENT );
+}
+
 /* Access a key slot at the given handle. The handle of a key slot is
  * the index of the slot in the global slot array, plus one so that handles
  * start at 1 and not 0. */
@@ -150,31 +166,6 @@
     psa_free_persistent_key_data( key_data, key_data_length );
     return( status );
 }
-
-/** Check whether a key identifier is acceptable.
- *
- * For backward compatibility, key identifiers that were valid in a
- * past released version must remain valid, unless a migration path
- * is provided.
- *
- * \param key        The key identifier to check.
- * \param vendor_ok  Nonzero to allow key ids in the vendor range.
- *                   0 to allow only key ids in the application range.
- *
- * \return           1 if \p key is acceptable, otherwise 0.
- */
-static int psa_is_key_id_valid( mbedtls_svc_key_id_t key, int vendor_ok )
-{
-    psa_key_id_t key_id = MBEDTLS_SVC_KEY_ID_GET_KEY_ID( key );
-    if( PSA_KEY_ID_USER_MIN <= key_id && key_id <= PSA_KEY_ID_USER_MAX )
-        return( 1 );
-    else if( vendor_ok &&
-             PSA_KEY_ID_VENDOR_MIN <= key_id &&
-             key_id <= PSA_KEY_ID_VENDOR_MAX )
-        return( 1 );
-    else
-        return( 0 );
-}
 #endif /* defined(MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_STORAGE_C) */
 
 psa_status_t psa_validate_key_location( psa_key_lifetime_t lifetime,
@@ -202,8 +193,7 @@
         return( PSA_SUCCESS );
 }
 
-psa_status_t psa_validate_key_persistence( psa_key_lifetime_t lifetime,
-                                           mbedtls_svc_key_id_t key )
+psa_status_t psa_validate_key_persistence( psa_key_lifetime_t lifetime )
 {
     if ( PSA_KEY_LIFETIME_IS_VOLATILE( lifetime ) )
     {
@@ -214,13 +204,8 @@
     {
         /* Persistent keys require storage support */
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_STORAGE_C)
-        if( psa_is_key_id_valid( key,
-                                 psa_key_lifetime_is_external( lifetime ) ) )
-            return( PSA_SUCCESS );
-        else
-            return( PSA_ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENT );
+        return( PSA_SUCCESS );
 #else /* MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_STORAGE_C */
-        (void) key;
         return( PSA_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED );
 #endif /* !MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_STORAGE_C */
     }
@@ -234,8 +219,9 @@
 
     *handle = 0;
 
-    if( ! psa_is_key_id_valid( key, 1 ) )
-        return( PSA_ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENT );
+    status = psa_validate_key_id( key, 1 );
+    if( status != PSA_SUCCESS )
+        return( status );
 
     status = psa_get_empty_key_slot( handle, &slot );
     if( status != PSA_SUCCESS )
diff --git a/library/psa_crypto_slot_management.h b/library/psa_crypto_slot_management.h
index c6fecbb..6c2e549 100644
--- a/library/psa_crypto_slot_management.h
+++ b/library/psa_crypto_slot_management.h
@@ -108,18 +108,25 @@
 psa_status_t psa_validate_key_location( psa_key_lifetime_t lifetime,
                                         psa_se_drv_table_entry_t **p_drv );
 
-/** Validate that a key's persistence attributes are valid.
- *
- * This function checks whether a key's declared persistence level and key ID
- * attributes are valid and known to the PSA Core in its actual configuration.
+/** Validate the persistence of a key.
  *
  * \param[in] lifetime  The key lifetime attribute.
- * \param[in] key       The key identifier.
  *
  * \retval #PSA_SUCCESS
- * \retval #PSA_ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENT
+ * \retval #PSA_ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENT The key is persistent but persistent
+ *         keys are not supported.
  */
-psa_status_t psa_validate_key_persistence( psa_key_lifetime_t lifetime,
-                                           mbedtls_svc_key_id_t key );
+psa_status_t psa_validate_key_persistence( psa_key_lifetime_t lifetime );
+
+/** Validate a key identifier.
+ *
+ * \param[in] key        The key identifier.
+ * \param[in] vendor_ok  Non-zero to indicate that key identifiers in the
+ *                       vendor range are allowed, \c 0 otherwise.
+ *
+ * \retval #PSA_SUCCESS The identifier is valid.
+ * \retval #PSA_ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENT The key identifier is not valid.
+ */
+psa_status_t psa_validate_key_id( mbedtls_svc_key_id_t key, int vendor_ok );
 
 #endif /* PSA_CRYPTO_SLOT_MANAGEMENT_H */