psa: Add storage implementation for files

Add new functions, psa_load_persistent_key(),
psa_free_persistent_key_data(), and psa_save_persistent_key(), for
managing persistent keys. These functions load to or save from our
internal representation of key slots. Serialization is a concern of the
storage backend implementation and doesn't abstraction-leak into the
lifetime management code.

An initial implementation for files is provided. Additional storage
backends can implement this interface for other storage types.
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/check_config.h b/include/mbedtls/check_config.h
index 6eec2ad..f78e61b 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/check_config.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/check_config.h
@@ -506,6 +506,18 @@
 #error "MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_SPM defined, but not all prerequisites"
 #endif
 
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_STORAGE_C) &&            \
+    !( defined(MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_C) &&           \
+       defined(MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_STORAGE_FILE_C) )
+#error "MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_STORAGE_C defined, but not all prerequisites"
+#endif
+
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_STORAGE_FILE_C) &&            \
+    !( defined(MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_STORAGE_C) &&           \
+       defined(MBEDTLS_FS_IO) )
+#error "MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_STORAGE_FILE_C defined, but not all prerequisites"
+#endif
+
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_RSA_C) && ( !defined(MBEDTLS_BIGNUM_C) ||         \
     !defined(MBEDTLS_OID_C) )
 #error "MBEDTLS_RSA_C defined, but not all prerequisites"